Hauv engineering tsim,kev nyuaj siabyog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum xaiv cov khoom siv rau cov khoom siv los yog cov khoom siv thauj khoom. Nws txhais lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv pib deform plastically - txhais tau tias nws yuav tsis rov qab mus rau nws cov duab qub tom qab tshem tawm. Thaum nws los txog rau alloy steels,4140 uayog ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv nrov tshaj plaws thiab txhim khu kev qha vim nws cov txiaj ntsig siab zog thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo heev.
Tsab ntawv no los ntawmsakysteel uayuav siv sij hawm tob tob rau hauv qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm 4140 steel, nws txawv li cas nrog kev kho cua sov, thiab vim li cas nws tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam hauv ntiaj teb tiag. Peb kuj tseem yuav muab piv rau lwm yam engineering steels los pab koj xaiv cov khoom siv zoo.
4140 Steel yog dab tsi?
4140 steel yog achromium-molybdenum alloy hlaucais raws li AISI-SAE system. Nws ua ke cov tawv nqaij tawv, siab qaug zog, thiab ua kom tawv nqaij zoo dua, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau cov khoom siv hauv tsheb, aerospace, roj thiab roj, thiab kev tsim cov tshuab.
Hom tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj xws li:
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Cov pa roj carbon: 0.38% - 0.43%
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Chromium: 0.80% - 1.10% cov ntsiab lus
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Manganese muaj pes tsawg leeg: 0.75% - 1.00%
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Molybdenum: 0.15% - 0.25%
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Silicon: 0.15% - 0.35%
Cov ntsiab lus alloying ua haujlwm ua ke los txhim kho cov hlau muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv deformation nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab thaum tuav zoo heev toughness.
Defining Yield Stress
Yield kev nyuaj siab, los yogyield zog, yog qhov siab tshaj plaws cov khoom siv tuaj yeem tiv taus ua ntej deformation mus tas li. Nws cim qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm tus cwj pwm elastic (rov qab tau) mus rau tus cwj pwm yas (deformation tas mus li). Rau cov qauv thiab cov khoom sib hloov, qhov kev ntxhov siab ntau dua txhais tau tias kev ua tau zoo dua hauv kev thauj khoom.
Yield stress feem ntau ntsuas hauv:
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MPa (megapascals)
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ksi (kilo pounds per square inch)
Yield Strength ntawm 4140 Hlau nyob rau hauv ntau yam mob
Lub zog tawm los ntawm4140 alloy hlaunyob ntawm nws qhov kev kho cua sov zoo heev. Hauv qab no yog cov xwm txheej thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsig kev ntxhov siab sib xws:
1. Annealed mob
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Tawm Zog: 415 - 620 MPa (60 - 90 ksi)
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Tensile zog: 655 - 850 MPa
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Hardness: ~ 197 HB
Lub xeev mos no tso cai rau kev ua haujlwm zoo heev tab sis tsis zoo tagnrho rau kev siv cov kabmob uas tsis muaj kev kho cua sov ntxiv.
2. Cov xwm txheej zoo li qub
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Tawm Zog: 650 - 800 MPa (94 - 116 ksi)
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Tensile zog: 850 - 1000 MPa
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Hardness: ~ 220 HB
Normalized 4140 tau txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom thiab siv rau kev siv zog nruab nrab.
3. Quenched thiab Tempered (Q & T) Cov xwm txheej
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Tawm Zog: 850 - 1100 MPa (123 - 160 ksi)
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Tensile zog: 1050 - 1250 MPa
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Hardness: 28-36 HRC
Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntau tshaj plaws rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev ntxhov siab ntau. Ntawmsakysteel ua, feem ntau 4140 steel khoom raug xa mus rau hauv Q&T mob kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv tshuab.
Yog vim li cas High Yield Stress Matters
Cov txiaj ntsig kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov khoom siv ncaj qha cuam tshuam li cas nws coj hauv kev pabcuam. Rau 4140 steel, lub zog muaj zog ntau dua txhais tau tias:
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Lub neej ua haujlwm ntev duanyob rau hauv repetitive loading
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Resistance mus tas li deformationnyob rau hauv cov khoom siv
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Txhim kho lub peev xwm load-bearingnyob rau hauv rotating thiab txav Cheebtsam
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Kev nyab xeeb marginHauv cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb xws li cranes, qag, thiab laum ncej
Cov txiaj ntsig no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam uas cov tshuab ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqi poob qis lossis kev pheej hmoo kev nyab xeeb.
Cov ntawv thov uas xav tau siab tshaj tawm lub zog
Vim nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, 4140 steel yog siv rau hauv ntau qhov chaw siab:
Automotive
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Axles
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Iav shafts
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Cov khoom sib kis
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Kev ncua qhov chaw
Roj & Roj
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Laum dab tshos
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Hydraulic thooj voos kheej kheej
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Frac twj tso kua mis
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Cov cuab yeej sib txuas
Aerospace
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Landing iav ntsiab
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Cav Mounts
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Txhawb nqa rods
Machinery thiab Tooling
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Tuag tuav
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Precision jigs
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Couplings
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Crankshafts
Txhua daim ntawv thov no raug cov khoom siv rau siab tensile los yog dabtsi yog khoov loads, ua rau yield stress ib defining tsim parameter.
4140 vs Lwm Cov Hlau: Yield Strength Sib piv
Cia peb sib piv cov txiaj ntsig kev ntxhov siab ntawm 4140 rau lwm cov hlau uas nquag siv:
1045 carbon hlau
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Tawm Zog: 450 - 550 MPa
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Pros: Yooj yim rau tshuab thiab raug nqi
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Cons: qis zog, tsis haum rau high-load tej yam kev mob
4340 Alloy hlau
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Tawm Zog: 930 - 1080 MPa
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Pros: Ntau dua toughness, zoo dua qaug zog kuj
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Cons: kim dua, nyuaj rau tshuab dua 4140
A36 Mild Steel
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Tawm Zog: ~ 250 MPa
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Pros: Tsawg tus nqi, siab weldability
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Cons: Tsis haum rau cov khoom siv uas xav tau lub zog
Stainless hlau 316
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Tawm Zog: ~ 290 MPa
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Pros: Corrosion resistant
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Cons: Ntau qhov kev ntxhov siab qis dua li 4140
Raws li qhia,4140 muab kev sib xyaw ua kentawm lub zog, toughness, thiab kev lag luam, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau cov khoom siv nrog cov khoom nruab nrab mus rau hnyav.
Txhim kho qhov muaj zog tawm los nrog kev kho cua sov
At sakysteel ua, peb siv cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov kom zoo los txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm 4140 steel:
Quenching thiab Tempering
Yuav ua kom sov cov hlau mus rau ~ 845 ° C thiab tom qab ntawd txias txias (quenching), tom qab ntawd rov ua kom sov kom qis dua (tempering). Cov txheej txheem no ua rau kom muaj kev ntxhov siab, toughness, thiab qaug zog ua haujlwm.
normalizing
Ua kom sov cov hlau rau ~ 870 ° C ua raws li cua txias, ua kom zoo dua cov qauv thiab txhim kho lub zog.
Surface Hardening (xws li Nitriding, Induction Hardening)
Cov tswv yim no ua rau kom muaj zog ntawm qhov tawv nqaij thaum tswj cov tub ntxhais toughness, ntxiv dag zog rau cov khoom siv thauj khoom muaj peev xwm.
Nrog rau kev tswj hwm nruj ntawm cov txheej txheem no, sakysteel ua kom cov hlau cov khoom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm txhua qhov haujlwm.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Peb Ntsuas Yield Stress ntawm sakysteel
Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias peb cov 4140 steel ua tau raws li cov qauv kev siv tshuab, peb ua cov kev ntsuas tawm thiab tensile siv:
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Universal Test Machines (UTMs)
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ASTM E8 / ISO 6892 cov qauv xeem
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EN10204 3.1 daim ntawv pov thawj
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Independent 3rd-tog pov thawj (yeem)
Txhua batch raug txheeb xyuas rau qhov sib xws thiab ua raws li cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb.
Kev Tshawb Fawb Hauv Ntiaj Teb tiag
Ib tus neeg siv khoom hauv cov roj & roj tau thov Q&T 4140 steel round bars rau cov cuab yeej downhole. Peb xa cov khoom nrog:
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Tawm Zog: 1050 MPa
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Txoj kab uas hla: h9
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Nto tiav: tig thiab polished
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Daim ntawv pov thawj: EN10204 3.1 + ultrasonic kuaj (UT Theem II)
Tom qab 14 lub hlis hauv kev pabcuam, cov khoom siv tsis pom muaj kev cuam tshuam mus tas li lossis tsis ua haujlwm - pov thawj tiassakysteel ua4140 steel xa tawm ntawm nws cov lus cog tseg ua haujlwm.
Xaus
Yuav ua li cas muaj zog 4140 nyob rau hauv load?Cov lus teb nyob ntawm nws tus mob-tab sis thaum tshav kub kho kom zoo, nws muajyield zog siab li 1100 MPa, ua rau nws muaj zog cov khoom siv rau cov qauv, mechanical, thiab precision applications.
Txawm hais tias koj tab tom tsim cov shafts ua haujlwm siab, cov kabmob thauj khoom, lossis cov cuab yeej hydraulic,sakysteel uayog koj qhov chaw cia siab rau kev txhim khu kev qha, kuaj, thiab siab zog 4140 steel.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-29-2025