Pae Kowiri tira 403 405 416
Whakaahuatanga Poto:
Ka kitea ngā whakamahinga o ngā pae kowiri tira i roto i ngā ahumahi maha, tae atu ki te hanga, te whakangao, te motuka, te rererangi, me te maha atu.
Ngā Pae Kowiri tira:
Ko te kowiri tira 403 he kowiri tira martensitic kei roto ko te chromium, te nickel, me te iti o te waro. E mōhiotia ana mō tōna ātete pai ki te waikura i roto i ngā hau ngawari, te ātete wera tae atu ki te 600°F (316°C), me te kaha me te pakeke pai. Ko te kowiri tira 405 he kowiri tira ferritic kei roto ko te chromium me te iti o te nickel. He ātete waikura me te kaha hanga pai. Kāore i te rite te ātete ki te wera ki ētahi atu kowiri tira, ā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā taiao waikura ngawari. Ko te kowiri tira 416 he kowiri tira martensitic me te whanariki tāpiri, e whakarei ake ana i tōna kaha miihini. He ātete waikura pai, he kaha taurite, ā, he tino pai te kaha miihini. He maha ngā wā e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā tono e whai tikanga ana te miihini kore utu me te ātete waikura.
Ngā Whakatakotoranga o SUS403 SUS405 SUS416:
| Tau | 403,405,416. |
| Paerewa | ASTM A276, GB/T 11263-2010,ANSI/AISC N690-2010,EN 10056-1:2017 |
| Mata | kua whakakīia ki te wai wera, kua orohia |
| Hangarau | Hurihia Wera, Whakarewahia |
| Roa | 1 ki te 6 Mita |
| Momo | Porowhita, Tapawhā, Hex (A/W), Tapawhā hāngai, Pire, Ingot, Hanga, Me ētahi atu |
| Rauemi Mata | POSCO, Baosteel, TISCO, Saky Steel, Outokumpu |
Ngā Āhuatanga me ngā Painga:
•He maitai kowiri tira martensitic te maitai kowiri tira 403, he pai tōna ātete ki te waikura, ā, he pai tana mahi i roto i ngā taiao hau mārie. He pai tōna ātete ki te wera tae atu ki te 600°F (316°C) ā, he kaha, he pakeke hoki tōna.
•He kowiri tira ferritic te kowiri tira 405, he iti iho te chromium, ā, he iti iho te nickel. He pai tōna ātete ki te waikura me te ngāwari ki te hanga, engari kāore i te rite te ātete ki te wera ki ētahi atu kowiri tira.
•He kowiri tira martensitic te kowiri tira 416, ā, kua tāpirihia he whanariki hei whakapai ake i te ngāwari ki te miihini. He ātete pai ki te waikura, he kaha taurite, ā, he tino pai ki te miihini.
•He pai mō ngā mahi pēnei i ngā mata tāpine, ngā taputapu niho me ngā taputapu pokanga, me ngā wāhanga takirere.
•Whakamahia ai i roto i ngā mahi pēnei i ngā pūnaha hauā o ngā motuka, ngā whakawhiti wera, me ētahi atu taiao waikura ngawari.
•E whakamahia whānuitia ana i ngā wāhanga e hiahia ana kia nui te mīhini, pērā i ngā nati, ngā pūtu, ngā taputapu me ngā takirere.
Te Hanganga Matū o te Pae Kowiri tira:
| Tau | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr |
| 403 | 0.15 | 1.0 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 0.5 | 11.5-13.0 |
| 405 | 0.08 | 1.0 | 0.040 | 0.030 | 1.0 | 11.5-14.5 |
| 416 | 0.15 | 1.25 | 0.06 | 0.15 | 1.0 | 12.0-14.0 |
Ngā āhuatanga miihini:
| Tau | Kaha Kume ksi[MPa] | Yiled Strengtu ksi[MPa] | % Toronga |
| 403 | 70 | 30 | 25 |
| 405 | 515 | 205 | 40 |
| 416 | 515 | 205 | 35 |
Te Aratohu Pātai Auau Tino Pai:
He aha i whiriwhiri ai i a mātou?
•Ka taea e koe te tiki i te rauemi tino tika e rite ana ki ō hiahia i te utu iti rawa.
•Kei a mātou anō ngā utu tuku Reworks, FOB, CFR, CIF, me te tatau ki te tatau. Ka tūtohu mātou kia mahi koe i tētahi kirimana utu pai, ā, he tino ohanga tēnei.
•Ka taea te manatoko i ngā rauemi e tukuna ana e mātou, mai i te tiwhikete whakamātautau rauemi mata ki te tauākī whakamutunga mō ngā āhuatanga. (Ka whakaatuhia ngā pūrongo mēnā e hiahiatia ana)
•Ka oati mātou ki te whakautu i roto i ngā haora 24 (i taua haora anō)
•Whakaratohia te pūrongo SGS TUV.
•E tino whakapau kaha ana mātou ki te tautoko i ā mātou kiritaki. Mēnā kāore e taea te whakatutuki i ō hiahia i muri i te tirotiro i ngā kōwhiringa katoa, e kore mātou e tinihanga i a koe mā te whakaputa kupu whakaari teka, ka waihanga hononga pai ki ngā kiritaki.
•Whakarato ratonga kotahi-mutu.
He aha te rerekētanga i waenganui i te kowiri tira 304 me te 400?
Ko te kowiri tira 304 he koranu austenitic e mōhiotia ana mō tōna ātete pai ki te waikura, tōna ngāwari ki te whakamahi, me ōna āhuatanga kore-aukume, ā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā ahumahi maha, tae atu ki te tukatuka kai me te hoahoanga. I tētahi atu taha, ko ngā koranu kowiri tira raupapa 400, pērā i te 410, 420, me te 430, he koranu ferritic, martensitic rānei, he nui ake te ihirangi waro, he iti ake te ihirangi nikara, ā, he āhuatanga aukume. Ahakoa he pai te pakeke me te ātete ki te kakahu, ka whiriwhiria ēnei mō ngā tono kāore i te tino hira te ātete ki te waikura, pērā i ngā taputapu kai me ngā taputapu ahumahi. Ko te kōwhiringa i waenga i te 304 me te raupapa 400 ka whakawhirinaki ki ngā whakaritenga tono motuhake e pā ana ki te ātete ki te waikura, te pakeke, me ngā āhuatanga aukume.
He aha ngā whakamahinga o ngā tokotoko 405 i roto i te ao rererangi?
I roto i te rāngai rererangi,405 ngā tokotoko kowiri tirakitea ngā tono i roto i ngā momo wāhanga pēnei i ngā wāhanga miihini, ngā hanganga waka rererangi, ngā pūnaha wahie, ngā taputapu taunga, me ngā hanganga o roto. Nā te kaha teitei, te ātete ki te waikura, me te kaha ki te tu atu i ngā pāmahana teitei, he mea pai mō ngā wāhanga waka rererangi nui, hei whakarite i te haumaru, te pono, me te mahi. Mā te whakamahinga o te maitai kore waikura 405 ka whai wāhi ki te roa me te whai huatanga o ngā pūnaha rererangi. I roto i ēnei tono, ko ngā āhuatanga o ngā tokotoko maitai kore waikura 405, pēnei i te ātete ki te waikura, te kaha teitei me te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, ka āwhina i te whakarite i te haumaru, te pono me te mahi a te waka rererangi. Nā ēnei āhuatanga ka waiho te maitai kore waikura hei whiringa rauemi nui i roto i te hangarau rererangi.
He aha te taumata e rite ana te maitai kore waikura 416?
416 kowiri tirahe rite ki te kounga maitai ASTM A582/A582M. He maitai kowiri tira martensitic, he kore utu te mīhini me te whanariki tāpiri, e whakarei ake ana i tōna āheinga mīhini. Ko te whakatakotoranga ASTM A582/A582M e kapi ana i te paerewa mō ngā pae maitai kowiri tira mīhini kore utu. I roto i te Pūnaha Tau Kotahi (UNS), ka tohua te maitai kowiri tira 416 hei S41600.
Ā mātou Kiritaki
Ngā Urupare mai i ā Mātou Kiritaki
He maha ngā painga nui o ngā tokotoko maitai kore waikura raupapa 400, ā, he mea e pai ana mō ngā mahi maha. Ko ngā tokotoko maitai kore waikura raupapa 400 he ātete pai ki te waikura, ā, he ātete ki te waikura, ki ngā waikawa, ki ngā tote, me ētahi atu matū waikura, he pai mō ngā taiao uaua. He maha ngā wā ka taea te miihini noa i ēnei tokotoko maitai kore waikura, e whakaatu ana i te tino pai o te miihini. Mā tēnei āhuatanga ka ngāwari te tapahi, te hanga, me te tukatuka. He pai te mahi a ngā tokotoko maitai kore waikura raupapa 400 i runga i te kaha me te pakeke, he pai mō ngā mahi e hiahia ana ki te kaha teitei me te ātete ki te kakahu, pērā i te hanga i ngā wāhanga miihini.
Te tākai:
1. He mea nui te tākai, inā koa mō ngā tukunga o tāwāhi e haere ana ngā uta mā roto i ngā huarahi rerekē kia tae atu ki te ūnga whakamutunga, nō reira ka tino aro nui mātou ki te tākai.
2. He maha ngā huarahi e tākai ai a Saky Steel i ā mātou taonga, e ai ki ngā hua. He maha ngā huarahi e tākai ai mātou i ā mātou hua, pērā i,
