Kodi P690 Grade Steel ndi chiyani?

Mu dziko la uinjiniya ndi kupanga zinthu zamakono, kufunikira kwazitsulo zolimba kwambiri, zotha kuwotcherera, komanso zolimbasichinakhalepo chachikulu kuposa ichi. Pakati pa zipangizo zamakono izi,Chitsulo cha P690 gradeimadziwika ngati imodzi mwa njira zodalirika kwambiri zogwiritsira ntchito zomangamanga zolemera. Nkhaniyi yolembedwa ndiSAKYSTEELimafufuza tanthauzo, kapangidwe kake, makhalidwe ake, ndi momwe chitsulo cha P690 chimagwiritsidwira ntchito, kuthandiza mainjiniya, opanga zinthu, ndi oyang'anira mapulojekiti kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake mtundu uwu wakhala chisankho chokondedwa m'zombo zopondereza, nsanja za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndi nyumba zolimba kwambiri.

1. Chidule cha Chitsulo cha P690 Giredi

P690ndichitsulo chozimitsidwa komanso chofewa kwambiriimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popangazotengera zopondereza, ma boiler, ndi zinthu zolemera zomangira"P" m'dzina lake imatanthauzachitsulo chachitsulo chopondereza, pomwe nambala “690” ikutanthauzamphamvu yocheperako yopezera phindu ya 690 MPa, yomwe ndi yapamwamba kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zitsulo zachikhalidwe.

Zinthu izi ndi gawo laMuyezo wa EN 10028-6, lomwe limafotokoza zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokakamiza zomwe zimadutsamankhwala otentha ozizimitsidwa ndi otenthedwa (QT)Chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito ake apamwamba komanso kuthekera kwake kosinthasintha kolumikizana,P690imavomerezedwa kwambiri mumagawo a mphamvu, mafuta, madera akunja, ndi chitetezo.

Makhalidwe Ofunika:

  • Mphamvu yocheperako yopezera: 690 MPa

  • Mphamvu yolimba: 770–940 MPa

  • Kutentha: Kuzimitsidwa ndi kutenthedwa

  • Kulimba kwambiri kutentha kochepa

  • Kutha kusungunula bwino pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha koyenera komanso chithandizo chothira pambuyo pa kusungunula

At SAKYSTEEL, timaperekaP690Q, P690QL, ndi P690QL2mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yopereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kulimba kwamphamvu yoyenera malo osiyanasiyana ogwirira ntchito.

2. Mitundu ndi Miyezo

P690 imagawidwa m'magulu atatu ang'onoang'ono kutengerazofunikira pa kutentha koyesa zotsatira:

Giredi Udindo Kutentha Kochepa Koyesa Komwe Kungakhudze Ntchito Yachizolowezi
P690Q Kuzimitsidwa & Kukwiya 0°C Mitsempha yothamanga kwambiri
P690QL Kuzimitsidwa & Kutenthedwa (Kutentha kochepa) -40°C Kunja ndi kunja kwa nyanja & cryogenic
P690QL2 Yozimitsidwa & Yofewa (Kutentha kochepa kwambiri) -60°C Malo okhala ku Arctic ndi sub-zero

Magiredi onsewa akugwirizana ndiEN 10028-6ndipo zitha kuperekedwanso kwaZofanana ndi ASME/ASTMngati mupempha. Mbale iliyonse kapena chigawo chilichonse kuchokeraSAKYSTEELimatha kutsatiridwa bwino, yoperekedwa ndiSatifiketi ya EN 10204 ya 3.1 kapena 3.2, ndipo yayesedwa motsatira miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi.

3. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala

Thekapangidwe ka mankhwalaChitsulo cha P690 chimakonzedwa mosamala kuti chikhale ndi mphamvu zambiri popanda kuwononga kusinthasintha kapena kulimba. Mtundu wamba wawonetsedwa pansipa:

Chinthu Zomwe zili mkati (%)
Kaboni (C) 0.18 pasadakhale
Silikoni (Si) 0.50 pasadakhale
Manganese (Mn) 0.60–1.70
Phosphorus (P) 0.025 pasadakhale
Sulfure (S) 0.015 pasadakhale
Chromium (Cr) 1.00–2.00
Nikeli (Ni) 1.00–2.00
Molybdenum (Mo) 0.30–0.70
Vanadium (V) 0.08–0.20

Thekuphatikiza kwa alloying kwa Ni, Cr, ndi Moamapereka zabwino kwambirikuuma ndi kukana dzimbiri, pamenempweya wochepakuonetsetsakusinthasintha kwabwino.

4. Katundu wa Makina

Chinthu chachikulu cha chitsulo cha P690 ndi chakuti chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo cholimba.magwiridwe antchito apadera amakinaPambuyo pozimitsa ndi kuziziritsa, zinthuzo zimapereka mphamvu yokwanira yogwira ntchito, mphamvu yokoka, ndi kulimba zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kwambiri pa ntchito yovuta kwambiri.

Katundu Mtengo Wamba
Mphamvu Yotulutsa (MPa) ≥690
Mphamvu Yokoka (MPa) 770–940
Kutalika (%) 14–16
Mphamvu Yokhudza Mphamvu (Charpy V-notch) ≥60 J pa kutentha komwe kwatchulidwa
Kuuma (HBW) ≤ 300

Ngakhale kutentha kuli kochepa, P690 imasungabekulimba ndi kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu, kuteteza kulephera kwa brittle ndikuonetsetsa kuti kudalirika kwa nthawi yayitali.

5. Njira Yopangira

Kupanga chitsulo cha P690 kumafunazitsulo zapamwamba komanso chithandizo chowongolera kutenthakuti akwaniritse kapangidwe kake kakang'ono. Njira yonseyi ikuphatikizapo:

  1. Kusungunuka Kwambiri– Kugwiritsa Ntchito Chitofu Chamagetsi (EAF) kapena Chitofu Chachilengedwe cha Oxygen (BOF).

  2. Kuyeretsa– Ladle Furnace (LF) ndi Vacuum Degassing (VD) kuti muchotse zinyalala.

  3. Kuponyera Kosalekeza- Kupanga ma billets kapena ma slabs okhala ndi kapangidwe kofanana.

  4. Kugubuduza Kotentha– Mapepala amakulungidwa kufika pamlingo wofunidwa (nthawi zambiri 6–120 mm).

  5. Kuzimitsa- Kuziziritsa mwachangu kuti pakhale kapangidwe ka martensitic.

  6. Kuchepetsa kutentha- Kutenthetsanso kolamulidwa kuti kubwezeretse kusinthasintha ndi kulimba.

  7. Kuyesa kwa Ultrasonic & Surface- Kuonetsetsa kuti mbale zili ndi zilema musanazitumize.

SAKYSTEELimagwiritsa ntchito mizere yamakono yopangira zinthu kuti itsimikizirekulondola kwa mawonekedwe, kutha kwa pamwamba, ndi kusinthasintha kwa makinapa gulu lililonse la P690.

6. Kuwotcherera ndi Kupanga

Ngakhale chitsulo cha P690 chili ndi mphamvu zambiri, chikadalipobezosokedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwemonga SMAW, SAW, GTAW, kapena GMAW — bola ngati zili zoyenerakutentha koyambirira ndi kutentha pambuyo pa weld (PWHT)njira zikutsatiridwa.

Malangizo Ofunika Kwambiri Othandizira Kuwotcherera:

  • Yatsani kutentha kufika pa 150–200°C kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha kusweka kwa haidrojeni

  • Sungani kutentha kwa interpass pansi pa 250°C

  • Gwiritsani ntchito ma electrode opanda haidrojeni wambiri (monga, E11018-G)

  • Chitani PWHT pa 580–620°C kuti muchepetse kupsinjika

  • Onetsetsani kuti kuziziritsa pang'onopang'ono mutatha kuwotcherera kuti kuuma kusamawonjezeke

Kuwongolera koyenera panthawi yowotcherera kumathandiziraMafupa olumikizana bwino omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha kusweka kapena kutayika kwa kulimba.

7. Mapulogalamu Odziwika

Kuphatikiza kwamphamvu yayikulu, kusinthasintha kwabwino kwambiri, komanso kulimba kwamphamvuimapangitsa P690 kukhala yabwino kwambiri pa malo ovuta aukadaulo. Ntchito zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo:

1. Ziwiya Zopondereza

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumafakitale amafuta, gasi, ndi mankhwalazombo zomwe zimagwira ntchito yolimbana ndi kupsinjika kwamkati komanso zinthu zowononga. Mphamvu yake yopambana yopangira zinthu imalolamakoma opyapyala, kuchepetsa kulemera ndi mtengo.

2. Mapulatifomu akunja

Magiredi a P690QL ndi P690QL2 amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri muzigawo za kapangidwe ka gombe, mongamiyendo, zolumikizira, ndi majekete, komwe kulimba kwambiri ndi magwiridwe antchito otsika kutentha ndizofunikira kwambiri.

3. Zotenthetsera ndi Zosinthira Kutentha

Mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwambiri zimapangitsa P690 kukhala yoyenerang'oma za boiler ndi zipolopolo zosinthira kutenthakugwira ntchito pansi pa kupsinjika kwa cyclic.

4. Makina Olemera ndi Ma Kreni

Yogwiritsidwa ntchito mumafelemu onyamula katundu, kukweza mabomundimanja amakina, P690 imapereka mphamvu zambiri zonyamula katundu komanso kukana kutopa.

5. Ntchito Zoteteza ndi Zapamadzi

Mu zomangamanga zapamadzi kapena magalimoto achitetezo,ubwino wa mphamvu mpaka kulemeraya P690 imalimbitsa chitetezo pamene ikuchepetsa kulemera konse.

8. Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Chitsulo cha P690

Kusankha P690 kumapereka magwiridwe antchito ambiri komanso phindu lazachuma poyerekeza ndi zitsulo zachikhalidwe monga P355 kapena P460.

Ubwino Waukulu:

  • Mphamvu Yaikulu:Imalola mapangidwe opyapyala a katundu womwewo, kuchepetsa kulemera konse.

  • Kutha Kusenda Bwino Kwambiri:Amasunga umphumphu wa mafupa akamathandizidwa bwino.

  • Kulimba Kwambiri:Imapirira kugwedezeka kwamphamvu komanso kutentha kochepa.

  • Kulimba Kwambiri:Imalimbana ndi kutopa komanso kupsinjika ndi dzimbiri.

  • Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ndalama Moyenera:Kuchepa kwa makulidwe a zinthu kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa ndalama zopangira ndi zoyendera.

  • Moyo Wowonjezera wa Utumiki:Kugwira ntchito kodalirika m'malo ovuta kwambiri ogwirira ntchito.

SAKYSTEELimapereka zinthu za P690 zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa zanuzofunikira pa polojekiti— kuyambira kukhuthala kwa mbale ndi kutha kwa pamwamba mpaka kulimba kwake komanso mulingo wovomerezeka.

9. Kuyerekeza ndi Zitsulo Zina Zomangira

Katundu P355 P460 P690
Mphamvu Yotulutsa (MPa) 355 460 690
Kutentha Chithandizo Zachibadwa Zachibadwa Kuzimitsidwa & Kukwiya
Kutha kupotoka Zabwino kwambiri Zabwino Kutentha Kolamulidwa Kumafunika
Kugwiritsa ntchito Zombo zambiri Kupanikizika kwapakati Kuthamanga kwambiri, kugombe
Kugwira Ntchito Moyenera Wocheperako Zabwino Zabwino kwambiri

Monga momwe zasonyezedwera,P690 imapereka mphamvu yochulukitsa pafupifupi kawiri mphamvu yopezera phinduya P355, zomwe zimathandiza opanga kupanga zombo zopepuka koma zolimba komanso zinthu zina za m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

10. Chitsimikizo cha Ubwino ndi Chitsimikizo

Mbale iliyonse ndi chinthu chilichonse choperekedwa ndiSAKYSTEELamakumana ndi zovutakuyesa ndi kuwunikamusanapereke:

  • Kuyesa kwa Ultrasonic (UT) ndi kuwunika zolakwika pamwamba

  • Mayeso a kukoka, kukhudza, ndi kuumamalinga ndi EN 10028-6

  • Kutsimikizira kutentha(Zolemba za nthawi ya Q&T)

  • Kuyang'anira miyeso ndi mayeso a flatness

  • EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2 Chitsimikizo

  • Kuyang'aniridwa ndi chipani chachitatu (Lloyd's, DNV, SGS, TUV) ngati mukufuna

SAKYSTEEL imasunga zonsekutsata kuchokera ku zinthu zopangira kupita ku chinthu chomalizidwa, kuonetsetsa kuti kasitomala aliyense ali ndi chidaliro chonse.

11. Mafomu Ogulitsira Omwe Akupezeka

Chitsulo cha P690 grade chingaperekedwe m'njira zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zofunikira pa polojekiti:

  • Ma mbale: makulidwe a 6–120 mm

  • Mabuloko opangidwa

  • Ma Flange ndi zolumikizira

  • Mipiringidzo yozungulira

  • Dulani ma profiles ndi mawonekedwe okonzedwa kale

  • Zigawo zopangidwa mwamakonda

Chilichonse chilipo ndizikalata za fakitale, ma phukusi otumizira kunja, ndi malipoti owunikiraokonzeka kutumizidwa kunja kwa dziko.

12. Malangizo Osungira ndi Kusamalira

Kuti chitsulo cha P690 chikhale cholimba bwino chisanapangidwe, chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa.Kusamalira ndi kusungira bwino:

  • Sungani mbale m'malo ouma komanso ophimbidwa kuti zisawonongeke.

  • Pewani kuyika zitsulo zosiyana kuti mupewe kusokonezeka kwa galvanic.

  • Gwiritsani ntchito zida zonyamulira zofewa kuti mupewe zizindikiro kapena mapindikidwe a pamwamba.

  • Ikani filimu yoteteza mafuta kwakanthawi kuti musunge kwa nthawi yayitali.

Machitidwe amenewa amathandiza kusunga khalidwe la pamwamba ndi kudalirika kwa makina mpaka ntchito yokonza iyambe.

13. Kupereka ndi Kukonza Zinthu Padziko Lonse

Ndi zaka zambiri zokumana nazo zotumiza kunja,SAKYSTEELimatumikira makasitomala muEurope, Middle East, Southeast Asia, ndi South AmericaGulu lathu loyendetsa zinthu limaperekakutumiza khomo ndi khomo, kuthandizira Incoterms mongaFOB, CFR, CIF, ndi DAP.

Tikhozanso kukonza:

  • Ntchito zodula kwambiri

  • Ma CD otumizira kunja mwamakonda

  • Kutumiza satifiketi yoyeserera ya mphero mwachangu

  • Ndondomeko zosinthika zopangira mapulojekiti ofunikira mwachangu

SAKYSTEEL yadzipereka kuperekazipangizo zodalirika komanso kutumiza pa nthawi yake, kuthandiza ogwirizana nafe kumaliza mapulojekiti moyenera komanso modzidalira.

14. Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri (FAQ)

Q1: Kodi P690 imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chiyani?
A1: P690 imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzombo zothamanga, nyumba za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndi zida zonyamula katundu wamphamvu kwambirikufunikira mphamvu ndi kulimba kwabwino kwambiri.

Q2: Kodi P690 ikhoza kuwotcherera?
A2: Inde, ikhoza kulumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe, komakutentha ndi PWHTndizofunikira kuti mupewe ming'alu.

Q3: Kodi kusiyana pakati pa P690Q ndi P690QL2 ndi kotani?
A3: Kusiyana kuli mukutentha kwa mayeso okhudzidwa— Q imayesedwa pa 0°C, QL pa -40°C, ndi QL2 pa -60°C.

Q4: Kodi SAKYSTEEL imapereka satifiketi?
A4: Inde. Zipangizo zonse zimaperekedwa ndiZikalata za EN 10204 3.1 kapena 3.2ndikuwunika kwa chipani chachitatuikhoza kukonzedwa ngati itapemphedwa.

Q5: Kodi P690 ingalowe m'malo mwa zitsulo za Inconel kapena Duplex?
A5: Osati mwachindunji — P690 imapereka mphamvu yofanana ndi mitundu ina iwiri koma ilibe mphamvu yolimbana ndi dzimbiri. Ndi yabwino kwambiri pa mphamvu ya kapangidwe kake, osati pa malo owopsa a mankhwala.

15. Mapeto

Chitsulo cha P690 gradeikuyimira mbadwo watsopano wazipangizo zolimba komanso zofewa kwambiriyopangidwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri paukadaulo. Kuphatikiza kwake ndiMphamvu yotulutsa ya 690 MPa, kulimba kwabwino kwambirindikuwotcherera kolamulidwachipange kukhala chofunikira kwambiri pazombo zopondereza, nsanja za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndi zida zolemera za kapangidwe kakepadziko lonse lapansi.

PosankhaSAKYSTEEL, mumapeza mwayi wopeza:

  • Ubwino wokhazikika wovomerezeka ndi miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi

  • Zosankha zopangira ndi zowunikira zomwe zasinthidwa

  • Kutumiza padziko lonse lapansi ndi chithandizo chaukadaulo

Ndi luso losalekeza komanso kudzipereka kuchita bwino kwambiri,SAKYSTEELikadali yanubwenzi lodalirika pa njira zothetsera zitsulo zamphamvu kwambiri.

Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-24-2025