Har'a mefuta e mengata ea litšepe tse sa hloekang tse sebelisoang indastering ea sejoale-joale,litšepe tse sa hloekang tsa ho thatafatsa pula (PH)li ananeloa haholo ka lebaka la motsoako oa tsona oamatla a phahameng, ho tiea, le ho hanyetsa mafomeMekhahlelo e 'meli e tsebahalang haholo sehlopheng sena ke15-7PHle17-4PH.
Leha ba tsoa lelapeng le le leng 'me ba tšoana ka litsela tse itseng, ho na le liphapang tsa bohlokoa ho tsonasebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale, thepa ea mechini, le lits'ebetso.
Sehloohong sena se qaqileng,SAKYSTELEe hlalosaphapang ea bohlokoa pakeng tsa tšepe e sa hloekang ea 15-7PH le 17-4PH, ho thusa baenjiniere, baetsi ba thepa le batsamaisi ba theko ho khetha thepa e loketseng litlhoko tsa bona tse ikhethileng.
1. Selelekela sa Litšepe tse sa Khabeng tsa Pula le ho Tiisa
Litšepe tse sa ruseng tsa pula le ho thatafatsa (PH) li fumana matla a tsona ka ts'ebetso ea mehato e 'meli:
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Kalafo ea tharollo (ho annealing)ho theha sebopeho se ts'oanang.
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Botsofali (ho thatafatsa pula)ho etsa dikarolwana tse nyane tse thibelang motsamao wa ho falla, tse eketsang matla le ho thatafala.
Ts'ebetso ena e lumella litšepe tse sa hloekang tsa PH ho fihlelamatla a mechini a phahameng haholoho feta dikereiti tse tloaelehileng tsa austenitic (jwalo ka 304 kapa 316), ha ho ntse ho bolokwakhanyetso e ntle ea ts'enyeholeho tenyetseha ha tlhahiso.
Ka bobeli15-7PHle17-4PHke tsa lelapa lena — empa likarolo tsa tsona tsa ho kopanya le mekhoa ea ho matlafatsa li fapane.
2. Papiso ea Sebopeho sa Lik'hemik'hale
| Karolo | 15-7PH (UNS S17700) | 17-4PH (UNS S17400) |
|---|---|---|
| Chromium (Cr) | 14.0 – 16.0% | 15.0 – 17.5% |
| Nikele (Ni) | 6.5 – 7.8% | 3.0 – 5.0% |
| Aluminium (Al) | 0.75 – 1.5% | — |
| Koporo (Cu) | — | 3.0 – 5.0% |
| Khabone (C) | ≤ 0.09% | ≤ 0.07% |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 1.0% | ≤ 1.0% |
| Silicone (Si) | ≤ 1.0% | ≤ 1.0% |
| Fosforase (P) | ≤ 0.04% | ≤ 0.04% |
| Sebabole (S) | ≤ 0.03% | ≤ 0.03% |
| Tšepe (Fe) | Tekanyo | Tekanyo |
Phapang ea Bohlokoa:
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15-7PHtšebelisoaluminiume le karolo ea eona ea bohlokoa ea ho thatafatsa pula.
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17-4PHtšebelisokoporoe le karolo ea eona e matlafatsang.
Phapang ena e fella ka ho ikhethameaho e menyenyane, mekhoa ea botsofalilelitšobotsi tsa ts'ebetsopakeng tsa metsoako e 'meli e kopantsoeng.
3. Liphapang tsa Tšepe
3.1 15-7PH: Motsoako oa Martensitic o Thatafalitsoeng ke Aluminium
15-7PH e hlahisa matla a phahameng kapula ea Ni₃Al (metsoako ea nickel-aluminium intermetallic)nakong ea botsofali. E fetoha ho tloha hoausteniticho ea homartensiticsebopeho kamora ho sebetsa ka serame le kalafo ea mocheso.
Mokhoa ona oa ho ntsha pula o thehiloeng ho aluminium o fana kamatla le ho thatafala ho hoholo ka mokhoa o ikhethangka khanyetso e ntle ea ho bola.
3.2 17-4PH: Motsoako oa Martensitic o Thatafalitsoeng ke Koporo
17-4PH e matlafatsoa kemarotholi a matle a nang le koporo e ngatae bopiloeng nakong ea botsofali. Motsoako o setsengmartensitickamora kalafo ea tharollo le botsofali, 'me e tsebahala kaho tjheseletsa hantle le bonolo ba ho e sebetsana.
Leha e fana ka matla a phahameng a tlase hanyane ho feta 15-7PH, e fana kakhanyetso e ntle ea ts'enyeho e akaretsangleho tiea ho phahameng.
4. Papiso ea Thepa ea Mekaniki
| Thepa | 15-7PH | 17-4PH |
|---|---|---|
| Matla a Tlhahiso (MPa) | 1100–1300 | 1000–1200 |
| Matla a ho Tenyetseha (MPa) | 1250–1450 | 1100–1300 |
| Ho lelefatsa (%) | 6–10 | 10–18 |
| Boima (HRC) | 42–46 | 38–44 |
| Botenya (g/cm³) | 7.8 | 7.75 |
Kakaretso:
Litlhahiso tsa 15-7PHmatla a ho tsitlella le ho thatafala ho hoholo, ha 17-4PH e fana kaho ba bonolo haholoanyane le ho tiea ha tšusumetsoKa bobeli li ka etsoa ka kalafo ea mocheso ho latela litlhoko tse itseng tsa ts'ebeliso.
5. Khanyetso ea ho Silafala
Li-alloy ka bobeli li hanela mafome a sepakapaka, li-acid tse bonolo, le libaka tsa indasteri ho feta litšepe tsa khabone kapa tse se nang motsoako o lekaneng.
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17-4PHe na lekhanyetso e betere hanyane ea ts'enyeho, ka lebaka la dikahare tsa yona tse hodimo tsa chromium le koporo. E sebetsa hantle dibakeng tsa lewatle le chloride haeba e sa kenngwe hantle.
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15-7PHhape e hanela mafome empa e ka 'na ea bontšaho kenya sekotimaemong a matla a chloride. E loketse hantle bakeng sa dibaka tse senyang ka tekanyo moo matla e leng ntho ya bohlokwa.
6. Liphapang tsa Kalafo ea Mocheso
6.1 15-7PH
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Tharollo ea Anneal (Boemo ba A):1038°C ka hora e le 'ngoe, moea o pholile.
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Phetoho ho ea ho Martensite (Boemo TH1050):Mosebetsi o batang o lateloa ke ho futhumatsa ka 565°C ka hora e le 'ngoe.
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Botsofali (Boemo RH950):510°C ka lihora tse 4, moea o pholile.
Tatellano ena ea kalafo e hlahisa sebopeho sa martensitic se matla haholo.
6.2 17-4PH
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Kalafo ea Tharollo:1040°C metsotso e 30-60, e pholile moeeng.
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Maemo a Botsofali:480°C (H900), 550°C (H1025), 580°C (H1075), kapa 620°C (H1150).
Lithempereichara tse fapaneng tsa botsofali li lumella baqapi homatla le ho tiea ha tokisoho latela litlhoko tsa tšebeletso.
7. Tlhahiso le ho Sebetsa ha Mechini
| Thepa | 15-7PH | 17-4PH |
|---|---|---|
| Ho sebetsa ha mechine | E ntle boemong bo annealed | E ntle haholo ebile e phekotsoe ka tharollo |
| Sebopeho | E ntle haholo pele ho botsofali | E itekanetseng |
| Ho tjheseletsa | E ntle ka mekhoa ea ho itšireletsa | E babatsehang |
| Qetello ea Bokaholimo | E babatsehang | E babatsehang |
15-7PHHo bonolo ho bopa boemong ba ho koaheloa pele bo tsofala empa bo ba thata ka mora kalafo ya mocheso.
17-4PHKa lehlakoreng le leng, e tšoarela haholoanyane nakong ea ho sebetsa le ho tjheseletsa, e leng se etsang hore e be khetho e tsebahalang bakeng sa likarolo tse rarahaneng kapa tse teteaneng.
8. Khanyetso ea Mocheso
| Thepa | 15-7PH | 17-4PH |
|---|---|---|
| Mocheso o Phahameng oa Tšebeletso | 550°C (1020°F) | 315°C (600°F) |
| Ho Boloka Matla Mochesong o Phahameng | E babatsehang | E itekanetseng |
| Katoloso ea Thermal (µm/m°C) | 10.9 | 10.8 |
15-7PHe boloka matla a eona hamolemo mochesong o phahameng, ha17-4PHhangata e lekanyelitsoe ho sebelisoa ka tlase ho 315°C ka lebaka la botsofali bo feteletseng le tahlehelo ea matla.
9. Papiso ea Likopo
Lisebelisoa tsa Tšepe e sa Khaotseng tsa 15-7PH
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Likarolo tsa lifofane(li-spring, li-bellow, li-diaphragm)
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Metsi a nang le khatello e phahamengle li-valve
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Lisebelisoa tsa ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale
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Likarolo tsa mechini tse sebetsang hantle
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Li-spring le li-fastenersho hloka matla a phahameng a mokhathala
Lisebelisoa tsa Tšepe e sa Khaotseng ea 17-4PH
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Li-shaft tsa pompo le li-impeller
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Likarolo tsa Turbine
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Likarolo tsa tlhahiso ea nyutlelie le motlakase
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Lisebelisoa tsa likepe
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Mebele ea li-valve, liboutu le li-gear
Kakaretso:
Haeba kopo e hlokamatla a phahameng ka ho fetisisa le ts'ebetso ea mocheso o phahameng, khetha15-7PH.
If ho hanyetsa ho bola, ho tiea le ho tjheseletsaba bohlokoa le ho feta,17-4PHke khetho e betere.
10. Sebopeho se senyenyane le Mekhoa ea ho Tiisa
| Tšobotsi | 15-7PH | 17-4PH |
|---|---|---|
| Mokhoa oa ho Matlafatsa | Ni₃Al (Aluminium precipitates) | Maqhubu a nang le Cu e ngata |
| Mokhahlelo ka mor'a Botsofali | Martensite + Lipula | Martensite + Lipula |
| Botsitso ba Sebopeho sa Micro | E tsitsitse haholo ho fihlela ho 550°C | E tsitsitse ho fihlela ho 315°C |
| Ho ba le kutloelo-bohloko ha botsofali | Sebaka se moqotetsane | Mefuta e mengata, ho bonolo ho e laola |
Karolo ea Ni₃Al ho 15-7PH e fana kabotsitso bo phahameng ba mocheso o phahameng, ha Cu-rich precipitates ka 17-4PH e fana kaho tjheseletsa le ho tiea hamolemo.
11. Kakaretso ea Tshebetso
| Tšobotsi | 15-7PH | 17-4PH |
|---|---|---|
| Matla | E phahameng | Holimo |
| Bothata | E phahameng | E itekanetseng |
| Bokgoni ba ho sebetsa | E itekanetseng | Ho molemo |
| Khanyetso ea ts'enyeho | Ho lokile | Hantle haholo |
| Tshebetso ya Mocheso o Phahameng | E babatsehang | E lekanyelitsoe |
| Ho sebetsa ha mechine | E itekanetseng | Ho molemo |
| Ho tjheseletsa | Toka | E babatsehang |
| Khanyetso ea Mokhathala | E babatsehang | Ho lokile |
| Litšenyehelo | E phahame hanyane | E tlase hanyane |
Qetello:
15-7PH e ntlafalitsoe bakeng samatla le ho hanyetsa mocheso, ha 17-4PH e ipabola kaho tjheseletsa, ho tiea, le ho hanyetsa mafome.
12. Ho Khetha Pakeng tsa 15-7PH le 17-4PH
Ho khetha sehlopha se nepahetseng, nahana ka tse latelang:
| Tlhokahalo | Khoele e Khothaletsoang |
|---|---|
| Matla le ho thatafala ho hoholo | 15-7PH |
| Khanyetso e ntle ea ts'enyeho | 17-4PH |
| Botsitso ba mocheso o phahameng (ho fihlela ho 550°C) | 15-7PH |
| Ho tjheseletsa hamolemo | 17-4PH |
| Likarolo tsa lifofane le tsa ho nepahala | 15-7PH |
| Lisebelisoa tsa likepe le tsa indasteri | 17-4PH |
Hangata baenjiniere ba khetha15-7PHha moralo o hlokamatla a phahameng le phetoho e fokolangle17-4PHnengbonolo ba tlhahiso le ho hanyetsa ts'enyehoke lintho tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa.
13. Litšenyehelo le Boteng ba tsona
Lisebelisoa tsena ka bobeli li fumaneha khoebong ka mefuta e mengata - bare e chitja, poleiti, terata le sekotwana.
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17-4PHka kakaretso kee theko e tlaase haholoanyane'me e fumaneha haholo ka lebaka la botumo ba eona lits'ebetsong tsa indasteri.
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15-7PH, leha e le theko e boima hanyane, e ratoa haholo hosefofaneletšireletsomafapha ka lebaka la karolelano ea eona e phahameng ea matla-ho-boima.
14. Mohlala oa Lefatše la 'Nete: Tšebeliso ea Selemo sa Lifofane
Moetsi oa lifofane o bapisitse li-alloy ka bobeli bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea selemo sa mocheso o phahameng:
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17-4PHLi-spring li ile tsa qala ho phutholoha ka mor'a ho pepesehela mocheso o fetang 400°C.
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15-7PHLi-spring li ne li boloka mojaro o felletseng ho fihlela ho 520°C ka phetoho e nyane ea ho thekesela.
Ka lebaka leo, 15-7PH e khethiloe bakeng sa moralo oa ho qetela, e leng se netefatsang ts'epo ea nako e telele ts'ebetsong.
15. Netefatso ea Boleng le Phepelo ho tsoa ho SAKYSTEEL
At SAKYSTELE, re etsa le ho fana ka tsona ka bobeli15-7PHleLitšepe tse sa ruseng tsa 17-4PHtlas'a taolo e tiileng ea boleng.
Lisebelisoa tsohle li tla le:
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Ho latela melao ea ASTM A693 / AMS 5520 / AMS 5659
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EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2 setifikeiti
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Tlhahlobo e Ntle ea Boitsebiso (PMI)
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Tlhahlobo ea Ultrasonic le ea bokaholimo
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Mekhoa e ikhethileng ea kalafo ea mocheso
(Letšoao la SAKYSTEEL)
Libaka tsa rona li hlomeletsoe bakeng sa ho seha, ho bentša le ho paka ka nepo ho fihlela litlhoko tsa lefats'e tsa ho romela thepa kantle ho naha.
16. Sehlopha sa Lihlahisoa tsa SAKYSTEEL
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Libara le Lithupa tse chitja:Ho tloha ho 6 mm ho isa ho 350 mm
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Lipoleiti le Maqephe:Botenya ho tloha ho 1 mm ho isa ho 100 mm
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Terata le Moqomo:Bakeng sa liliba le likarolo tse nepahetseng
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Li-Forging le Masale:Litekanyo tse ikhethileng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa lifofane le libaka tsa oli
SAKYSTEEL e netefatsa phano e potlakileng, boleng bo tsitsitseng, le tšehetso ea botekgeniki ea litsebi.
17. Litifikeiti tsa Indasteri
Lisebelisoa tsa tšepe e sa ruseng tsa SAKYSTEEL li kopana kapa lia feta:
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Litekanyetso tsa AMS, ASTM, le ASME
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Ho latela melao ea NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156
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Litlhaloso tsa lifofane le tsa ts'ireletso
Sehlahisoa se seng le se seng se lekoa le ho netefatsoa bakeng sa ho lumellana ha lik'hemik'hale, mechine le tšepe.
18. Kakaretso: 15-7PH khahlano le 17-4PH
| Ntlha ea Papiso | 15-7PH | 17-4PH |
|---|---|---|
| Karolo ea ho thatafatsa | Aluminium | Koporo |
| Matla | E phahameng | Tlase Hanyane |
| Khanyetso ea ts'enyeho | Ho lokile | Ho molemo |
| Moeli oa Thempereichara | 550°C | 315°C |
| Ho tjheseletsa | Toka | E babatsehang |
| Litšenyehelo | E phahameng | Tlase |
| Tšebeliso e Tloaelehileng | Lifofane, Lisepori, Li-valve | Lipompo, Li-shaft, Likarolo tsa Leoatleng |
Ka bokhutšoane:
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Khetha15-7PHnengmatla le ho hanyetsa mochesoke tsa bohlokoa.
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Khetha17-4PHnengbonolo ba tlhahiso le tšireletso ea mafomeli bohlokoa le ho feta.
19. Qetello
Ka bobeli15-7PHleLitšepe tse sa ruseng tsa 17-4PHke thepa e ikhethang e nang le lirekoto tse pakiloeng tsa mesebetsi ho pholletsa le liindasteri tse ngata.
15-7PHlitlhahisomatla a phahameng, ho hanyetsa mokhathala hamolemo, le ts'ebetso e ntle haholo maemong a mocheso a phahameng, ha17-4PHe fana kaho tjheseletsa hantle haholo, ho hanyetsa mafome, le bokgoni ba ho boloka ditjeo.
Ha e fumanoa ho mofani ea tšepahalang joalo kaSAKYSTELE, mekhahlelo ka bobeli e fana ka ts'epo e ikhethang, ho latelwa habonolo, le boleng bo tsitsitseng — ho netefatsa hore likarolo tsa hau li sebetsa kamoo li reriloeng kateng tlas'a maemo a thata ka ho fetisisa.
Nako ea poso: Mphalane-29-2025