Metala ManaʻoKa Helu ʻana o ke KaumahaHaʻilula:
Pehea e helu ai i ke kaumaha o ke kila kila iā ʻoe iho?
1. Nā Paipu Kila Kinoea
Nā Paipu Poepoe Kila Kuʻihao
Haʻilula: (ke anawaena waho - ka mānoanoa o ka paia) × ka mānoanoa o ka paia (mm) × ka lōʻihi (m) × 0.02491
Laʻana: 114mm (ke anawaena o waho) × 4mm (mānoanoa o ka paia) × 6m (lōʻihi)
Heluhelu: (114-4) × 4 × 6 × 0.02491 = 83.70 (kg)
* No 316, 316L, 310S, 309S, a pēlā aku, lakio=0.02507
Nā Paipu ʻĀpana Kila
Haʻilula: [(lōʻihi o ka lihi + laulā o ka ʻaoʻao) × 2 /3.14- mānoanoa] × mānoanoa (mm) × lōʻihi (m) × 0.02491
Laʻana: 100mm (lōʻihi o ka lihi) × 50mm (ākea o ka ʻaoʻao) × 5mm (mānoanoa) × 6m (lōʻihi)
Heluhelu: [(100+50)×2/3.14-5] ×5×6×0.02491=67.66 (kg)
Nā Paipu Kūlike Kila
Haʻilula: (ʻaoʻao laulā × 4/3.14- mānoanoa) × mānoanoa × lōʻihi (m) × 0.02491
Laʻana: 50mm (ʻaoʻao ākea) × 5mm (mānoanoa) × 6m (lōʻihi)
Heluhelu: (50×4/3.14-5) ×5×6×0.02491 = 43.86kg
2.Nā Pepa/Pala Kila Kila ʻOle
Haʻilula: lōʻihi (m) × laulā (m) × mānoanoa (mm) × 7.93
Laʻana: 6m (lōʻihi) × 1.51m (ākea) × 9.75mm (mānoanoa)
Heluhelu: 6 × 1.51 × 9.75 × 7.93 = 700.50kg
3. Nā Kaola Kila Kinoea
Nā Kaola Poepoe Kila Kinoea
Haʻilula: Dia(mm)×Dia(mm)×Lōʻihi(m)×0.00623
Laʻana: Φ20mm (Dia.) × 6m (Lōʻihi)
Heluhelu: 20 × 20 × 6 × 0.00623 = 14.952kg
*No ke kila kila kila 400 series, lakio = 0.00609
Nā Kaola Huinaha Kila Kuʻihao
Haʻilula: laulā ʻaoʻao (mm) × laulā ʻaoʻao (mm) × lōʻihi (m) × 0.00793
Laʻana: 50mm (ʻaoʻao ākea) × 6m (lōʻihi)
Heluhelu: 50 × 50 × 6 × 0.00793 = 118.95 (kg)
Nā Kaola Pālahalaha Kila Kinoea
Haʻilula: laulā ʻaoʻao (mm) × mānoanoa (mm) × lōʻihi (m) × 0.00793
Laʻana: 50mm (ʻaoʻao ākea) × 5.0mm (mānoanoa) × 6m (lōʻihi)
Heluhelu: 50 × 5 × 6 × 0.00793 = 11.895 (kg)
Nā Pā Hexagon Kila Kuʻihao
Haʻilula: dia* (mm) × dia* (mm) × lōʻihi (m) × 0.00686
Laʻana: 50mm (diagonal) × 6m (lōʻihi)
Heluhelu: 50 × 50 × 6 × 0.00686 = 103.5 (kg)
*dia. ʻo ia hoʻi ke anawaena ma waena o ʻelua laulā ʻaoʻao e pili kokoke ana.
– Nā Kaola Huina Wawae Kaulike me ke Kila Kinoea
Haʻilula: (ʻaoʻao laulā ×2 - mānoanoa) × mānoanoa × lōʻihi (m) ×0.00793
E.g.: 50mm (ʻaoʻao ākea) ×5mm (mānoanoa) ×6m (lōʻihi)
Heluhelu: (50×2-5) ×5×6×0.00793 = 22.60 (kg)
– Nā Kaola Kila ʻAʻohe ʻAno like o ke Kila
Haʻilula: (ʻaoʻao laulā + ʻaoʻao laulā - mānoanoa) × mānoanoa × lōʻihi (m) × 0.00793
Laʻana: 100mm (laulā ʻaoʻao) × 80mm (laulā ʻaoʻao) × 8 (mānoanoa) × 6m (lōʻihi)
Heluhelu: (100+80-8) × 8 × 6 × 0.00793 = 65.47 (kg)
| Ka nui (g/cm3) | Papa kila kila |
| 7.93 | 201, 202, 301, 302, 304, 304L, 305, 321 |
| 7.98 | 309S, 310S, 316Ti, 316, 316L, 347 |
| 7.75 | 405, 410, 420 |
4. Uea kila kila a i ʻole ke koʻokoʻo
Uea kila kila
Haʻilula: Dia(mm)×Dia(mm)×Lōʻihi(m)×0.00609 (Pae: 410 420 420j2 430 431)
Haʻilula: Dia(mm)×Dia(mm)×Lōʻihi(m)×0.00623 (Pae: 301 303 304 316 316L 321)
Laʻana: 430 Φ0.1mm (Dia.)x10000m (Lōʻihi)
Heluhelu: 0.1 × 0.1 × 10000 × 0.00609 = 14.952kg
*No ke kila kila kila 400 series, lakio = 0.609
5. Kaula Uea Kila Kila
Kaula Uea Kila ʻOle1*7,1*19,7*7,7*19,7*37
Haʻilula: Dia(mm)×Dia(mm)×Lōʻihi(m)×4 ʻAno Kaula Uea (7*7,7*19,7*37)
Haʻilula: Dia(mm)×Dia(mm)×Lōʻihi(m)×5 ʻAno o ke kaula uea (1*7,1*19)
Laʻana: 304 7*19 Φ5mm(Dia.)x1000m (Lōʻihi)
Heluhelu: 5 × 5 × 1 × 4 = 100kg
*No ke Kaumaha no kēlā me kēia kilomita 7×7,7×19,7×37 Lākiō:4
*No ke Kaumaha no kēlā me kēia kilomita 1×7,1×19 Lākiō:5
6.Nā Pepa/Palapala Alumini
Haʻilula: lōʻihi (m) × laulā (m) × mānoanoa (mm) × 2.80
E.g.: 6m (lōʻihi) × 1.5m (ākea) × 10.0mm (mānoanoa)
Heluhelu: 6 × 1.5 × 10 × 2.80 = 252kg
7. Pā Aluminiuma Huinahā/Huinahā
Haʻilula: lōʻihi (m) × laulā (mm) × laulā (mm) × 0.0028
Laʻana: 6m (lōʻihi) × 10.0m (ākea) × 10.0mm (ākea)
Heluhelu: 6 × 10 × 10 × 0.0028 = 1.68 kg
8. Pā alumini
Haʻilula: lōʻihi (m) × Anawaena (mm) × Anawaena (mm) × 0.0022
Laʻana: 6m (lōʻihi) × 10.0m (Ke anawaena) × 10.0mm (Ke anawaena)
Heluhelu: 6 × 10 × 10 × 0.0022 = 1.32 kg
Haʻilula: dia* (mm) × dia* (mm) × lōʻihi (m) × 0.00242
Laʻana: 50mm (diagonal) × 6m (lōʻihi)
Heluhelu: 50 × 50 × 6 × 0.00242 = 36.3 (kg)
*dia. ʻo ia hoʻi ke anawaena ma waena o ʻelua laulā ʻaoʻao e pili kokoke ana.
9. Paipu/Tube Aluminiuma
Haʻilula: OD(mm) x (OD(mm) – T (mm)) × Lōʻihi(m) × 0.00879
Laʻana: 6m (lōʻihi) × 10.0m (OD) × 1.0mm (Mānoanoa)
Heluhelu: 6 × (10 – 1)× 10 × 0.00879 = 4.746 kg
10. Pā Keleawe
Pā poepoe keleawe
Haʻilula (KGS) = 3.14 X 0.00000785 X ((ke anawaena / 2)X( ke anawaena / 2)) X KA LOA.
Laʻana: CuSn5Pb5Zn5 Pā Keleawe 62x3000mm Kaumaha Hoʻokahi ʻĀpana
Ka nui o ka paʻa: 8.8
Heluhelu: 3.14 * 8.8/1000000 * ((62/2) * ( 62/2)) *1000 mm = 26.55 kg / mika
Pā hexagon keleawe
Haʻilula: dia* (mm) × dia* (mm) × lōʻihi (m) × 0.0077
Laʻana: 50mm (diagonal) × 6m (lōʻihi)
Heluhelu: 50 × 50 × 6 × 0.0077 = 115.5 (kg)
*dia. ʻo ia hoʻi ke anawaena ma waena o ʻelua laulā ʻaoʻao e pili kokoke ana.
Pā keleawe huinahā/ʻālikelike
Haʻilula: lōʻihi (m) × Laulā (mm) × Laulā (mm) × 0.0089
Laʻana: 6m (lōʻihi) × 10.0m (ākea) × 10.0mm (ākea)
Heluhelu: 6 × 10 × 10 × 0.00698 = 5.34 kg
11. Paipu/Tube Keleawe
Kaumaha = (OD – WT) * WT * 0.02796 * Lōʻihi
ʻO ka paipu keleawe ma millimeters (mm), a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka paipu keleawe ma mika (m), ʻo ka hopena o ke kaumaha he KG.
12. Nā Pepa/Pala Keleawe
Haʻilula: lōʻihi (m) × laulā (m) × mānoanoa (mm) × 0.0089
E.g.: 6m (lōʻihi) × 1.5m (ākea) × 10.0mm (mānoanoa)
Heluhelu: 6 × 1.5 × 10 × 8.9 = 801.0 kg
13. Nā Pepa/Papa Keleawe
Haʻilula: lōʻihi (m) × laulā (m) × mānoanoa (mm) × 0.0085
E.g.: 6m (lōʻihi) × 1.5m (ākea) × 10.0mm (mānoanoa)
Heluhelu: 6 × 1.5 × 10 × 8.5 = 765.0 kg
14. Paipu/Tube keleawe
Haʻilula: OD(mm) x (OD(mm) – T (mm)) × Lōʻihi(m) × 0.0267
Laʻana: 6m (lōʻihi) × 10.0m (OD) × 1.0mm (Mānoanoa)
Heluhelu: 6 × (10 – 1)× 10 × 0.0267 = 14.4 kg
15. Pā Hexagon Keleawe
Haʻilula: dia* (mm) × dia* (mm) × lōʻihi (m) × 0.00736
Laʻana: 50mm (diagonal) × 6m (lōʻihi)
Heluhelu: 50 × 50 × 6 × 0.00736 = 110.4 (kg)
*dia. ʻo ia hoʻi ke anawaena ma waena o ʻelua laulā ʻaoʻao e pili kokoke ana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Pepeluali-13-2025