No ke aha ʻaʻole he Magnetic ke kila kila?

Ua kaulana ke kila kila no kona kūpaʻa i ka pala, ka lōʻihi, a me ke ʻano nani. Eia naʻe, ʻo kekahi o nā nīnau maʻamau i nīnau ʻia penei:no ke aha he kila kila ʻaʻole magneticAia ka pane i loko o ke ʻano kūloko a me ka haku mele ʻana o nā ʻano kila kila like ʻole. ʻAʻole nā ​​​​kila kila kila āpau he nonmagnetic, akā ʻo kekahi o nā papa i hoʻohana nui ʻia, e like me 304 a me 316, ʻaʻole huki i nā magnet ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau.

Ma kēia ʻatikala, e ʻimi mākou i nā kumu no ke aha i lilo ai kekahi mau kila kila ʻole i mea makeneka, ʻo wai nā papa he makeneka, a pehea e pili ai kēia waiwai i nā noi honua maoli. Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻolako kila kila ʻoihana,sakysteelkōkua i nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o nā mea e hōʻoia i ka hana maikaʻi loa.

Ke Hoʻomaopopo nei i ka Magnetism i loko o nā Metals

ʻO ka magnetism i loko o nā metala e pili ana i ko lākou ʻano atomika. ʻO nā mea me nā electrons i hui ʻole ʻia, e like me ka hao, cobalt, a me ka nickel, ua manaʻo ʻia he ferromagnetic. Hoʻohālikelike kēia mau metala i ko lākou mau ʻāpana magnetic i ke alo o kahi kahua magnetic a hiki ke noho magnetized.

He mea hoʻohuihui ka kila kila i hana nui ʻia me ka hao, he mea makeneka ia. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻololi nā mea hoʻohuihui ʻē aʻe e like me ka chromium a me ka nickel i kona ʻano kūloko, hiki ke hoʻonui a kāohi paha i nā waiwai makeneka.

Ke Kūlana o ke Kūkulu ʻAna o ke Aniani

ʻO ke kī i ka mea he magnetic ke kila kila a ʻaʻole paha, aia i loko onaʻano kristalUa hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kila kila i nā ʻohana like ʻole:

• ʻAustenitic

• Ferritic

• Martensitic

• ʻElua pālua

• Ua paʻakikī (PH)

Ke kila kila Austenitic - ʻAʻole Magnetic

Nā māka e like me304a me316hāʻule ma lalo o ka māhele austenitic. Loaʻa i kēia mau kila nā pae kiʻekiʻe onikala, ka mea e hoʻopaʻa ai i kacubic maka-kikowaena (FCC)ʻano. ʻAʻole kākoʻo kēia ʻano i ka magnetism, e hana ana i kēia mau mākaʻaʻohe makenekai ke kūlana annealed.

ʻo kahi laʻana:

• 304 kila kilaʻAʻole magnetic ma muli o kona ʻano austenitic.

• 316 kila kilaʻAʻole hoʻi he magnetic a ʻoi aku ka pale ʻana i ka pala ma muli o ka molybdenum i hoʻohui ʻia.

ʻO kēia nā ʻano kila kila maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i nā lako kīhini, nā mea kuhikuhipuʻuone, a me nā mea lapaʻau.

Hiki i ke kila kila Austenitic ke lilo i Magnetic

ʻAe, ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana, hiki i ke kila kila austenitic ke hōʻikeka magnetism nāwaliwaliHana ʻia kēia i ka wā e hana ai ka mea i ka hana anu, e like me ke kulou ʻana, ka hoʻokumu ʻana, a i ʻole ka mīkini ʻana. Hiki i kēia mau kaʻina hana ke hana i kahi hoʻololi pae mai ka austenite a imartensite, he mea makeneka.

Eia nō naʻe, haʻahaʻa mau ka pae o ka magnetism a ʻaʻole maʻamau e hoʻopilikia i ka hana. Hiki i ka mālama wela a i ʻole ka annealing ke hoʻihoʻi i ka waiwai non magnetic.

Nā kila kila Ferritic a me Martensitic - Magnetic

ʻAʻole e like me nā māka austenitic,ferritica memartensiticnā kila kila ʻolemakenekama ke ʻano maoli.

• Ke kila kila Ferritic(e laʻa, 430): Loaʻa ka chromium akā ʻaʻohe nickel a liʻiliʻi paha, hecubic kikowaena kino (BCC)ʻano, a he magnetic.

• Ke kila kila Martensitic(e laʻa, 410, 420): He magnetic a paʻakikī hoʻi ma ka mālama wela.

Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau māka i nā wahi e makemake ʻia ai a ʻae ʻia paha nā waiwai magnetic, e like me nā mīkini a me nā ʻāpana kaʻa.

No ke aha he mea nui ka kila kila ʻaʻole magnetic

He waiwai nui ke ʻano nonmagnetic o ke kila kila austenitic i nā noi he nui:

• Nā Lako LapaʻauHe mea nui nā mea hana ʻaʻohe magnetic no nā lumi MRI.

• Nā mea uila: Kāohi i ka hoʻopilikia ʻana me nā kahua magnetic i nā mea hana koʻikoʻi.

• LehulehuHoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻāpana kahi e pono ai e hoʻēmi ʻia ka pilina magnetic.

• Nā Hana Nuklea: Hoʻēmi i ka hoʻopilikia ʻia mai nā mana magnetic.

At sakysteel, hāʻawi mākou i nā hoʻonā kila kila i hana kūikawā ʻia no nā ʻoihana e pono ai ka hana pono o nā mea, me nā māka ʻole magnetic no nā noi kūikawā.

Ke hoʻāʻo ʻana no ka Magnetism

ʻO kahi ala maʻalahi e hoʻāʻo ai i ka magnetism me kahi magnet maʻalahi. Inā pili pono ia i ke kila kila, ʻo ke ʻano he ferritic a martensitic paha. Inā ʻaʻohe mea huki a nāwaliwali loa paha, ʻo ia paha he ʻano austenitic e like me 304 a i ʻole 316.

No ka hoʻāʻo pololei, ʻoiai ma hope o ka hana ʻana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi mika gauss e ana i ka nui o ka flux magnetic.

Hopena

ʻAʻole mau ka kila kila ʻaʻole he magnetic. Aia ke ʻano magnetic i kona ʻano kristal a me ka haku mele kemika.Nā kila kila Austenitic, e like me 304 a me 316, ʻaʻole magnetic ma muli o ko lākou ʻano FCC, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ke kūlana annealed. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā papa ʻē aʻe e like me nā ʻano ferritic a me martensitic he magnetic.

He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau ʻokoʻa i ke koho ʻana i ke kila kila kūpono no kāu papahana. Inā makemake ʻoe i ke kila kila kila ʻaʻole magnetic no ka hoʻohana lapaʻau a uila paha, a i ʻole nā ​​​​papa magnetic no ka ikaika a me ke kūpaʻa,sakysteelʻo ia kāu hoa hilinaʻi no nā mea kila kila kiʻekiʻe.

E ʻimi i kā mākou huahana piha a e hoʻokuʻu iā ʻoe ihosakysteele kākoʻo i kāu pilikia ʻenekinia aʻe me ka ʻike loea a me ka lako hilinaʻi.