Me pēhea te pānui i te Tiwhikete Whakamātautau Mira Kowiri tira (MTC)

Kupu Whakataki

Hei pānui i te tiwhikete whakamātautau mira kowiri tira (MTC), me manatoko e ngā kaihoko te paerewa rauemi, te tohu kowiri tira, te tau wera, te hanganga matū, ngā āhuatanga miihini, te āhua tuku, ngā hua tirotiro, te momo tiwhikete me ngā mōhiohio whai. Mō te hokohoko hangarau, ehara i te mea he tuhinga kounga anake te MTC; he tohu hangarau hoki e rite ana te rauemi kowiri tira i tukuna ki ngā whakaritenga ASTM, ASME, EN, DIN, JIS, GB rānei e hiahiatia ana, ā, ka taea te whai i te wera rewa taketake.

Mō ngā pae maitai kore waikura, ngā paipa, ngā ngongo, ngā pereti, ngā rau, ngā waea, ngā taura waea, ngā flange me ngā hua hanga, ko te MTC tētahi o ngā tuhinga tino nui e arotakehia ana i mua i te tuku, te tāutanga, te whakaae rānei ki te kaupapa. Mā te EN 10204 3.1 MTC tika ka āwhina i ngā kaihoko ki te whakaū i te pono o te tohu, te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga matū, te kaha miihini, te ātete ki te waikura, te paerewa ā-ahu, te whakahaere tau wera me ngā tuhinga tirotiro pēnei i te whakamātautau PMI, te whakamātautau UT, te tirotiro tuatoru rānei ina hiahiatia.

I Saky Steel, ko te arotake MTC tētahi wāhanga o tā mātou tukanga aroturuki rauemi me te aukati i ngā rauemi rūpahu. Ahakoa he paipa maitai kore waikura 304 te hoko a te kiritaki, he pae porowhita maitai kore waikura 316L, he pereti maitai kore waikura 321, he ngongo maitai kore waikura takirua 2205, he hua maitai kore waikura ātete-waikura 904L rānei, me āta tirohia te tiwhikete ki te ota hoko, te paerewa e tika ana me ngā whakatakotoranga kaupapa.

He aha te Tiwhikete Whakamātautau Mira Kowiri tira?

Ko te tiwhikete whakamātautau mira kowiri tira, e kiia ana ko MTC, MTR, tiwhikete mira, tiwhikete rauemi rānei, he tuhinga kounga mana i tukuna e te kaihanga, e te kaiwhakarato whai mana rānei. Ka tuhia ngā hua whakamātautau tuturu o tētahi puranga rauemi kowiri tira motuhake, ā, ka whakaū kei te tutuki te rauemi i te paerewa kua tohua.

Ko te tiwhikete e tonoa nuitia ana mō te hoko maitai kore waikura ahumahi ko EN 10204 3.1. Ka tukuna tēnei tiwhikete e te māngai tirotiro whai mana o te kaihanga, ā, ka whakaū kua whakamatautauria te rauemi i tukuna kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga o te ota. Mō ētahi kaupapa nui, ka tono pea ngā kiritaki i te tiwhikete EN 10204 3.2 me tētahi tari tirotiro tuatoru motuhake, te rōpū whakarōpū rānei.

Ngā Mōhiohio Matua e Kitea Ana i te MTC

Taonga MTC	Ngā mea me tirotiro e ngā kaihoko
Taumata Rauemi	Whakaūtia kei te ōrite te māka ki te raupapa, pērā i te 304, 304L, 316L, 321, 310S, 904L, 2205, 2507 rānei.
Paerewa	Tirohia ngā paerewa ASTM, ASME, EN, DIN, JIS, GB rānei, pērā i te ASTM A312, ASTM A276, ASTM A240, EN 10088, ASME SA182 rānei.
Tau Wera	Manatokohia mēnā e ōrite ana te tau wera kei runga i te MTC ki te tohu rauemi, te tapanga me ngā tuhinga mōkihi.
Te Hanganga Matū	Whakatauritea ngā uara matū tuturu ki te awhe hanganga e hiahiatia ana o te paerewa.
Ngā Āhuatanga Mīhini	Tirohia te kaha kume, te kaha tuku, te roa, te pakeke me ngā hua o te whakamātautau pānga ina tika.
Ngā Rekoata Tirotiro	Arotakehia ngā pūkete PMI, UT, te whakapara, te mura, te whakamātautau waipū, te whakamātautau waikura ā-whatuwhatu, ngā tuhinga tirotiro tuatoru rānei mēnā e hiahiatia ana.

Te Hanganga Matū: Me pēhea te Tirotiro i te Taumata

Ko te ripanga hanganga matū tētahi o ngā wāhanga tino nui ina pānuihia e koe he tiwhikete whakamātautau mira kowiri tira. Ka whakaūtia mēnā kei roto te rauemi i te taumata kowiri tira tika. Hei tauira, ehara i te ingoa anake te rerekētanga i waenga i te 304 me te 316L; kei roto i te 316L te molybdenum, e whakapai ake ana i te ātete ki te waikura i roto i ngā taiao pūhaumāota. Ko te rerekētanga i waenga i te 304 me te 304L ko te nui o te waro, e pā ana ki te kaha whakarewa me te ātete ki te waikura intergranular.

Me whakarite e ngā kaihoko ngā uara tuturu e whakaaturia ana i runga i te MTC ki te awhe e whakaaetia ana i roto i te paerewa rauemi e tika ana. Mō ngā taputapu pēhanga, ngā kaupapa moana, ngā whare tukatuka matū me ngā mīhini kai, mā te kōwhiringa hē o te tohu ka pakaru te waikura, ka raru te whakarewa, ka whakakorengia rānei i te wā tirotiro whakamutunga.

Tohutoro Hanganga Matū Kowiri tira Noa

Tau	C Max	Cr	Ni	Mo	Wāhi Tirotiro Matua
304	0.08	18.0 – 20.0	8.0 – 10.5	-	He kowiri tira ātete-waikura whānui, mō te whakamahinga ahumahi noa.
304L	0.03	18.0 – 20.0	8.0 – 12.0	-	He iti te taumata waro mō ngā hanganga whakarewa, ā, he iti ake te mōrearea o te pānga kino.
316L	0.03	16.0 – 18.0	10.0 – 14.0	2.0 – 3.0	He mea nui te nui o te molybdenum mō te ātete ki te waikura.
321	0.08	17.0 – 19.0	9.0 – 12.0	-	Me tirotirohia te whakau o te titanium kia pai ai te mahi i te pāmahana tiketike.
2205	0.03	22.0 – 23.0	4.5 – 6.5	3.0 – 3.5	Te momo takirua; me arotake anō pea te taurite hauota me te taurite ā-wāhanga.

Ngā Āhuatanga Ā-ringa i runga i te MTC

Mā ngā āhuatanga miihini e whakaatu mēnā kua tutuki i te rauemi kowiri tira te kaha, te ngāwari me te pakeke e hiahiatia ana i muri i te hurihuri, te hanga, te whakamahana i te otinga, te tango matao, te maimoatanga wera rānei. Ina pānuihia he MTC, me tirotiro e ngā kaihoko mēnā he hua whakamātautau tuturu ngā uara, ā, mēnā e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga iti rawa o te paerewa ota.

Mō ngā pae porowhita kowiri tira, ka arotakehia te kaha kume me te kaha tuku. Mō ngā paipa me ngā ngongo kowiri tira, ka puta pea te whakamātautau whakatārewatanga, te mura, te whakamātautau waipū, te whakamātautau iahiko hurihuri rānei. Mō ngā pereti kowiri tira e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā oko pēhanga, ka hiahiatia pea te whakamātautau whakaroa, te pakeke me te pānga i runga i ngā whakaritenga o te kaupapa.

Ngā Āhuatanga Ā-ringa Noa mō ngā Wāhanga Kowiri tira Noa

Tau	Kaha Kume	Te Kaha o te Hua	Te whakaroa	Ngā Tuhipoka Arotake a te MTC
304 / 304L	I te nuinga o te wā neke atu i te 515 MPa	I te nuinga o te wā neke atu i te 205 MPa	Neke atu i te 40% te nuinga	Tirohia ki te āhua paerewa o te hua, pērā i te pae, te pereti, te paipa, te waea rānei.
316 / 316L	I te nuinga o te wā neke atu i te 515 MPa	I te nuinga o te wā neke atu i te 205 MPa	Neke atu i te 40% te nuinga	Whakaūtia te nui o te Mo me te iti o te waro e hiahiatia ana mō te mahi whakarewa.
321	I te nuinga o te wā neke atu i te 515 MPa	I te nuinga o te wā neke atu i te 205 MPa	Neke atu i te 40% te nuinga	Arotakehia ngā whakaritenga mō te pumau me te ātete ki te wera o te titanium.
2205 Takirua	I te nuinga o te wā neke atu i te 620 MPa	I te nuinga o te wā neke atu i te 450 MPa	I te nuinga o te wā neke atu i te 25%	He kaha ake i te maitai kore waikura austenitic; tirohia marietia te paerewa takirua.

Ngā Paerewa e tika ana me ngā Tohu ōrite

Ko tētahi hapa noa i roto i te hoko kowiri tira ko te tirotiro noa i te ingoa tohu me te kore e tirotiro i te whānuitanga paerewa. Tērā pea ka puta te tohu kotahi i raro i ngā paerewa rerekē, engari ka rerekē pea te tikanga tirotiro, te ātete ā-ahu, te āhua maimoatanga wera, te tohu me ngā whakaritenga whakamātautau. Hei tauira, ko te ASTM A276 te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō ngā pae kowiri tira, ASTM A312 mō ngā paipa kore hononga me ngā paipa whakarewa, ASTM A240 mō ngā pereti me ngā rau, me te ASME SA182 mō ngā flanges me ngā hononga i hangaia.

I te arotake i tētahi MTC, me whakarite e te kaihoko te paerewa kua whakahuatia ki te ota hoko me te tono. He rerekē te tiwhikete pae porowhita maitai kore waikura 316L i raro i te ASTM A276 i te tiwhikete paipa maitai kore waikura 316L i raro i te ASTM A312. Ahakoa he rite te tohu, kāore i te rite te āhua o te hua me ngā whakaritenga whakamātautau.

Paerewa me te Tohutoro Taurite

Taumata Noa	UNS	Taurite EN / DIN	Ngā Paerewa ASTM / ASME Noa	Ngā Āhua Hua Noa
304	S30400	1.4301 / X5CrNi18-10	ASTM A276, A240, A312, A479	Pae, pereti, rau, paipa, ngongo, waea
304L	S30403	1.4307 / X2CrNi18-9	ASTM A276, A240, A312, A479	Ngā hanganga whakarewa, paipa, pereti, rau
316L	S31603	1.4404 / X2CrNiMo17-12-2	ASTM A276, A240, A312, A479, ASME SA182	Ngā wāhanga moana, paipa matū, flange, pae
321	S32100	1.4541 / X6CrNiTi18-10	ASTM A276, A240, A312	Paipa, pereti me te pae pāmahana teitei
2205	S32205 / S31803	1.4462 / X2CrNiMoN22-5-3	ASTM A240, A276, A789, A790	Pereti takirua, paipa, ngongo, pae

Te Whakamātautau Kounga me te Aroturuki Rauemi

Me tautoko e te MTC maitai kore waikura pono te whai i ngā rauemi mai i te hanga ki te tuku. Ko te whakahaere i te tau wera te kaupapa matua o tēnei pūnaha whai. Me rite te tau wera i runga i te tiwhikete ki te tohu ā-tinana i runga i te rauemi, te tohu paihere, te rārangi tākai me te pūrongo tirotiro. Mena kāore ēnei tau e ōrite, me whakamutu te kaihoko i te arotake tuku me te tono whakamārama tonu.

I roto i te hokohoko maitai kore waikura o te ao, he mea nui anō hoki te arotake MTC hei taahiraa whakahaere rauemi rūpahu. Tērā pea ka whakaratohia e ētahi kaiwhakarato kounga iti he tiwhikete kāore i te mārama, he tau wera whakauru, he whakaahuatanga tohu hē, he uara whakamātautau kāore anō kia oti. Mō ngā kaupapa e pā ana ki ngā pūnaha pēhanga, ngā tipu hinu-matū, te hanga kaipuke, ngā taputapu kai, ngā wāhanga rerewē rānei, ka taea e tēnei te hanga i ngā mōrearea kounga me te haumaru nui.

Rārangi Arowhai Tiwhikete me te Tirotiro mō ngā Kaihoko

Tūemi Rārangi Arowhai	He aha te mea nui	Mahi i Manakohia
EN 10204 3.1 MTC	Whakaūtia ai ngā hua whakamātautau tuturu i tukuna e te māngai tirotiro whai mana a te kaihanga.	Pātaihia i mua i te tuku, ā, whakatairitea ki te ota i hokona.
Mana Tau Wera	Mā te reira ka taea te whai i te rauemi ki te puranga rewa taketake.	Tirohia te tau wera kei runga i te MTC, te tohu me ngā tapanga mōkihi.
Whakamātautau PMI	Ka manatoko i te tuakiri māka mā te tirotiro i ngā huānga koranu pēnei i te Cr, Ni me te Mo.	E taunakitia ana mō ngā rauemi kowiri tira 316L, 904L, takirua me ngā rauemi kowiri tira teitei-konukōre.
Whakamātautau UT	Ka kitea ngā hapa o roto i ngā pae, i ngā pereti, i ngā mea hanga, i ngā hua pakitara matotoru rānei.	Tauwhāitihia te taumata UT i mua i te whakaputanga mēnā e hiahiatia ana e te kaupapa.
Tirotiro a te hunga tuatoru	E whakarato ana i te manatoko motuhake mō ngā ota nui.	Whakamahia a SGS, BV, TÜV, Lloyd's, DNV me ētahi atu tari kua whakaaetia ina hiahiatia.
Tākai Kaweake	Ka tiaki i te mata o te maitai kore waikura me ngā tohu i te wā e kawe ana i te ao.	Whakaūtia ngā pouaka rakau, ngā papareti, te takai ā-wai, te parenga paihere rānei.

Te Whakataurite ki ngā Rauemi me ngā Tiwhikete ōrite

Ina pānui ngā kaihoko i tētahi tiwhikete whakamātautau mō te mira kowiri tira, ka whakatauritea e rātou ngā rauemi ōrite. He mea nui tēnei whakataurite nā te mea he rite te āhua o te nuinga o ngā momo kowiri tira engari he rerekē te ātete ki te waikura, te whakarewa, te mahi pāmahana teitei me te kaha miihini. Nō reira, me arotahi te arotake tiwhikete ki te tuakiri momo me te pai o te tono.

Hei tauira, ka taea te tuku i te maitai kore waikura 304 me te 316L hei pae porowhita kanapa, hei paipa tui rānei, engari he pai ake te 316L i roto i ngā taiao moana me te hauota nā te mea he nui te molybdenum. Ka taea te whiriwhiri i te maitai kore waikura 321 mō ngā tono pāmahana teitei nā te mea he titanium te whakau. Ka nui ake te kaha o te maitai kore waikura takirua 2205 me te ātete pai ake ki te pakaru waikura ahotea hauota i te maitai kore waikura austenitic paerewa.

Whakataurite Rauemi mō te Arotake MTC

Rauemi	Rerekētanga Matua	Arotahi ki te MTC	Mōrearea Kaihoko Noa
304 me 304L	He iti ake te ihirangi waro o te 304L.	Tirohia te uara C mōrahi me ngā whakaritenga whakarewa.	Te whakamahi i te 304 noa mō ngā mahi waro-iti i whakarewaina.
304 me 316L	Kei roto i te 316L te Mo hei whakapai ake i te ātete ki te waikura.	Tirohia te uara Mo me te māka UNS.	I whiwhi i te 304 hei utu mō te 316L i roto i te mahi waikura.
316L me 317L	He nui ake te ihirangi Mo o te 317L.	Tirohia te whānuitanga o te Mo me ngā whakatakotoranga o te kaupapa.	Ki te mea ka taea te whakawhiti i ngā maitai kore waikura katoa e mau ana i te molybdenum.
316L me 2205	He kowiri tira takirua te 2205, he kaha ake.	Tirohia te Cr, Ni, Mo, N me te kaha ā-ringa.	Te kore e aro ki ngā whakaritenga taurite ā-wāhanga takirua me te kaha.
321 vs 304	Kua whakapūmautia te 321 e te titanium mō te mahi pāmahana teitei.	Tirohia te ihirangi Ti me te āhua o te maimoatanga wera.	Te whakamahi i te papa kore pumau i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana teitei.

Ngā Taupānga Ahumahi He Mea Hira te Arotake MTC

He mea nui rawa te arotake i te MTC ina whakamahia ngā rauemi kowiri tira i roto i ngā ahumahi e whai tikanga ana te ātete ki te waikura, te haumaru ki te pēhanga, te akuaku, te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, te mahi hanganga rānei. I roto i ēnei rāngai, kaua te kaihoko e whakawhirinaki noa ki te āhua o te hua, te utu, te whakaahuatanga rānei o te kaiwhakarato. Me tirotiro te MTC me ngā whakatakotoranga hoko me ngā tuhinga kaupapa.

Tohutoro Taupānga Ahumahi

Ahumahi	Ngā Hua Kowiri tira noa	Arotahi ki te Arotake Tiwhikete
Ngā Taputapu Matūkai	Ngā paipa kowiri tira, ngā flange, ngā pereti me ngā taputapu hanga	Paerewa ASTM / ASME, tau wera, PMI, whakamātautau pēhanga me te ātete ki te waikura.
Te Hangarau Moana	Ngā pae 316L, ngā paipa takirua, ngā pereti me ngā rauemi whakapiri	Te ihirangi Mo, te ātete ki te waikura o te pūhaumāota, te tirotiro a te hunga tuatoru me te takai kaweake.
Mīhini Kai	Ngā rau 304 / 316L, ngā ngongo, ngā tokotoko me ngā wāhanga horoi	He mutunga mata, he iti te karaehe waro, he ma te takai me te whai i ngā rauemi.
Ipu Pēhanga me te Whakawhiti Wera	Ngā pereti maitai kore waikura, ngā ngongo tuitui me ngā rau ngongo	Ngā āhuatanga miihini, te maimoatanga wera, te whakamātautau UT me te paerewa pēhanga e tika ana.
Ngā Wāhanga Rerewē me ngā Wāhanga Hanganga	Ngā kōtaha maitai kore waikura, ngā pae, ngā rau me ngā wāhanga whakarewa	Te manawanui i ngā āhuatanga, te kaha, te āhua o te mata me te āheinga ki te whai i ngā puranga.

Ngā Hapa a te Kaihoko Noa i te Pānui i te MTC

He maha ngā tautohe kounga i roto i te hoko kowiri tira e puta mai ana i te arotake tiwhikete kāore i oti. Tērā pea ka tirohia e ngā kaihoko te ingoa tohu engari kāore e aro ki te paerewa, te āhua o te hua, te tau wera, ngā uara matū tuturu rānei. Me whai pūnaha te arotakenga ngaio MTC, inā koa mō ngā ota kaweake me ngā kaupapa hangarau.

Hapa 1: Te Tirotiro i te Ingoa Tau Anake

Kāore e ranea te ingoa tohu anake. Me whakauru hoki i roto i tētahi tiwhikete e kī ana "316L" ngā mōhiohio tohu UNS S31603, ngā mōhiohio tohu ōrite rānei, te paerewa e tika ana, te tau wera me te hanganga matū tuturu. Me aro nui ngā kaihoko ki te nui o te Mo me te nui o te waro mō te maitai kore waikura 316L.

Hapa 2: Te Whakahāwea i te Paerewa Puka Hua

Ahakoa he rite tonu te taumata o te pae, te paipa, te pereti, te waea me te flange maitai kore waikura, ka rerekē pea ngā paerewa. Hei tauira, kāore te ASTM A276 i te rite ki te ASTM A312. Me tirotiro e ngā kaihoko mēnā e ōrite ana te whānuitanga paerewa ki te hua i tonoa.

Hapa 3: Kāore i te ōrite te Tau Wera ki te Tohu Rauemi

Mena kāore te tau wera i runga i te MTC e ōrite ki te rauemi ā-tinana, ka pakaru te āheinga ki te whai. Ka taea e tēnei te whakakāhore i te kaupapa ahakoa he tika te āhua o te rauemi tonu. Me manatoko te mana whakahaere i te tau wera i mua i te tukunga, ā, i te wā e whiwhi ana i te tirotiro.

Hapa 4: Te Whakaae i ngā Tiwhikete me te Kore he Uara Whakamātautau Tuturu

Me whakaatu e te MTC tika ngā hua whakamātautau tuturu, kaua ko ngā kōrero whānui anake. Me tuhi te hanganga matū me ngā āhuatanga miihini me ngā uara tau. Mō ngā kaupapa nui, me tono ngā kaihoko i ngā whakamātautau PMI, i ngā whakamātautau UT, i ngā pūrongo tirotiro tuatoru rānei hei tautoko tāpiri.

He aha i whiriwhiri ai i te maitai Saky mō ngā rauemi maitai kore waikura me te tautoko a te MTC?

Ka tukuna e Saky Steel ngā pae kowiri tira, ngā tokotoko, ngā pou, ngā kōtaha, ngā paipa, ngā ngongo, ngā pereti, ngā rau, ngā waea, ngā tokotoko waea, ngā taura waea, ngā flange me ngā hua kowiri tira ritenga mō ngā kiritaki ahumahi o te ao. E mārama ana mātou ehara i te mea ko ngā rauemi whakarewa anake te mea e hokona ana e ngā kaihoko; engari kei te hoko hoki rātou i te kounga kua whakamanahia, i ngā tuhinga pono me te pono o te tuku.

Mō ngā ota kaweake, ka taea e mātou te whakarato tiwhikete rauemi, whakaahua hua, taipitopito tākai me te tautoko tirotiro e ai ki ngā hiahia o te kiritaki. Ko ngā ratonga kounga e wātea ana ko te EN 10204 3.1 MTC, whakamātautau PMI, whakamātautau UT, tirotiro ā-ahu, tirotiro mata, whakaritenga tirotiro tuatoru, tākai rakau kaweake me te tohu ritenga mō te whai i te tau wera.

Ngā Painga o ā Mātou Tukunga Kowiri tira

Te Kaha Ratonga	Uara Kaihoko
Whānuitanga o te Awhe Taumata	304, 304L, 316, 316L, 321, 310S, 904L, 2205, 2507 me ngā momo maitai kore waikura motuhake.
Ngā Puka Hua Maha	Ngā pae, ngā paipa, ngā ngongo, ngā pereti, ngā rau, ngā waea, ngā taura waea, ngā kōtaha, ngā flange me ngā wāhanga hanga.
Tautoko Tuhinga	Ka taea te whakarato i te MTC, te pūrongo PMI, te tuhinga tirotiro, te rārangi tākai me ngā whakaahua kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga ota.
Whakaritenga	Te rahi kua whakaritea, te roa, te whakaotinga o te mata, te tapahi, te oro me te tautoko tukatuka e hangai ana ki te tuhi.
Te Kaha Tukunga Kaweake	Tautoko mō te tākai o tāwāhi, te whakarite kaipuke me ngā tuhinga tuku kaupapa.

Ngā Pātai Auau: Te Pānui i te Tiwhikete Whakamātautau o te Mira Kowiri tira

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te MTC me te MTR?

Ko te tikanga o te MTC ko te Tiwhikete Whakamātautau Mira, ko te tikanga o te MTR ko te Pūrongo Whakamātautau Mira. I roto i te maha o ngā āhuatanga hoko ahumahi, e pā ana ngā kupu e rua ki te tiwhikete rauemi e tuhi ana i ngā hua whakamātautau tuturu, te māka, te paerewa, te tau wera me ngā mōhiohio whai.

He aha te tikanga o te EN 10204 3.1?

Ko te EN 10204 3.1 he momo tiwhikete tirotiro e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te tuku rauemi whakarewa. E whakaū ana tēnei kua whakamatautauria te rauemi i tukuna kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga motuhake, ā, i tukuna te tiwhikete e te māngai tirotiro whai mana o te kaihanga.

Me pēhea taku tirotiro mēnā he pono te MTC maitai kore waikura?

Tirohia te ingoa o te kaiwhakarato, ngā mōhiohio a te kaihanga, te māka, te paerewa, te tau wera, te hanganga matū, ngā āhuatanga miihini, te rā tiwhikete, te waitohu tirotiro me te ōritetanga ki ngā tohu rauemi ā-tinana. Mō ngā rauemi utu nui, rauemi tino nui rānei, tonoa he whakamātautau PMI, he tirotiro rānei mai i te rōpū tuatoru.

He aha te hiranga o te whakamātautau PMI?

Mā te whakamātautau PMI ka āwhina ki te whakaū i ngā huānga koranu tuturu o ngā rauemi kowiri tira. He tino whai hua mō te tautuhi i te 316L, 904L, te kowiri tira takirua me ētahi atu momo koranu kei reira te Cr, Ni, Mo me ētahi atu huānga e pā tika ana ki te mahi.

Me tirotirohia te MTC i mua i te tukunga?

Āe. Me arotake e ngā kaihoko te MTC i mua i te tukunga i ngā wā katoa e taea ai. Mā te arotake wawe ka ārai i te tukunga hē o te māka, te ngaro o ngā taonga tirotiro, ngā tohutoro paerewa hē, ngā raruraru tuhinga rānei i te wā o te whakawātea tikanga me te whakaae kaupapa.

Whakamutunga

He mea nui te ako ki te pānui i tētahi tiwhikete whakamātautau mira kowiri tira mō ngā kaihoko, ngā miihini, ngā kaitirotiro me ngā tīma hokohoko kaupapa. Me kapi i tētahi arotake ngaio MTC te whānuitanga paerewa, te tautuhi tohu, te hanganga matū, ngā āhuatanga miihini, te whai i te tau wera, ngā tuhinga tirotiro me te pono o te tiwhikete.

Mō ngā rauemi kowiri tira e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā taputapu tukatuka matū, ngā pūnaha hinu-matū, ngā hanganga moana, ngā mīhini kai, ngā taputapu pēhanga, ngā wāhanga rerewē me te hanga ahumahi, he wāhanga matua te MTC o te whakapūmau kounga. Mā te tirotiro pai i te tiwhikete i mua i te tuku, ka taea e ngā kaihoko te whakaiti i ngā mōrearea rauemi, te karo i ngā whakaroa kaupapa me te whakapai ake i te pono o te tuku mō te wā roa.