He Arataki te Kowiri tira

Kupu Whakataki

Ae, ka arahina e te maitai kore waikura te hiko me te wera, engari he ngoikore ake tōna kawenga hiko i te parahi, i te konumohe rānei.Ko tōna kawe hiko me te kawe wera tuturu e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kounga o te maitai kore waikura, te hanganga moroiti, te pāmahana, te mahi matao me te āhua o te hua.

Ko ngā momo austenitic noa pēnei i te 304 me te 316 he pai te kawe hiko kia pai ai te rere o te iahiko mā roto, engari nā te ātete hiko teitei, kāore e pai mō te nuinga o ngā taura hiko, ngā pae pahi me ngā hononga hiko tino whai hua. Engari, ko te maitai kore waikura te mea e whiriwhiria ana ina me whakakotahi te kawe hiko me te ātete waikura, te kaha miihini, te ngāwari ki te horoi, te mahi pāmahana teitei rānei.

E pā ana tēnei mātāpono ki te whakawhiti wera. Ka kawe te maitai kore waikura i te wera, engari he puhoi ake i te parahi, te konumohe, te maitai waro rānei. He mea nui tēnei i roto i ngā taputapu tunu kai, ngā pūnaha whakaputa wera, ngā whakawhiti wera, ngā whare hiko, ngā wāhanga whakamahana me ngā wāhanga hanganga e pāngia ana e ngā huringa pāmahana.

He aha te tikanga o te kawe hiko?

Ko te kawe hiko e whakaatu ana i te ngāwari o te neke o te pūngao i roto i tētahi rauemi. Mō te kōwhiringa maitai kore waikura, e rua ngā momo e tino hira ana: te kawe hiko me te kawe wera.

Te Arahi Hiko

Ka ine te kawe hiko i te ngāwari o te iahiko e pā ana ki tētahi rauemi. Ko te tikanga ka whakaatuhia i roto i te siemens per mita, arā, S/m, MS/m rānei.

Ko te ātete hiko e whakaahua ana i te āhuatanga rerekē: te kaha o te ātete o te rauemi ki te rere o te iahiko. He iti te ātete o te rauemi he nui te kawe iahiko. He tino teitei te kawe iahiko o te parahi, ā, he iti te ātete, ko te maitai kore waikura ia he iti ake te kawe iahiko, ā, he nui ake te ātete.

Te Arahi Wera

Ka ine te kawe wera i te tere o te wera e puta ana i roto i tētahi rauemi. Ko te tikanga ka whakaatuhia i roto i ngā watts ia mita-kelvin, arā, ko W/m·K.

Ka tere te whakawhiti me te hora i te wera e te rauemi he nui te kawe wera. Ka nui ake ngā rerekētanga pāmahana o te rauemi he iti ake te kawe wera ina tere ake te wera, te whakamatao rānei o tētahi wāhi i tētahi atu.

He Arataki Hiko te Kowiri tira?

He mea kawe hiko te kowiri tira nā te mea he koranu rino whakarewa kei roto ngā irahiko nekeneke. Heoi, ka whakararuraru te chromium, te nickel, te molybdenum me ētahi atu huānga koranu i te nekehanga o ngā irahiko mā roto i te whatunga whakarewa, ā, ka whakanui ake i te ātete hiko.

Nā reira, he iti ake te pai o te kawe hiko a te maitai kore waikura i te parahi, te konumohe, te parahi me te maitai waro noa. He nui te rerekētanga, ā, he onge te whiriwhiri i te maitai kore waikura hei kawe hiko matua i roto i te taura hiko, i te pae hiko rānei.

Ko ngā uara i runga ake nei he awhe pāmahana rūma e whakaatu ana, ehara i te whakatakotoranga hoko. Me tango ngā uara tika mai i te pepa raraunga tohu e tika ana me te āhua ine ina he tawhā hoahoa nui te kawe hiko.

He Kawe Pawera te Kowiri tira?

Ka taea hoki e te kowiri tira te kawe wera, engari he iti iho tōna kawe wera i tērā o te parahi, te konumohe me te maitai waro. He tino puhoi ngā kawe wera o ngā maitai kowiri tira austenitic pērā i te 304 me te 316 ki te whakaritea ki ngā konganuku hanganga me ngā konganuku kawe wera noa.

Kāore te iti o te kawe wera e ārai aunoa i ngā wāhi wera. I roto i tētahi wāhanga maitai kore waikura, ka noho pūmau pea te wera ki te taha o te pūtake wera nā te mea ka puhoi ake te horapa. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaputa i ngā pikinga pāmahana ā-rohe, te he o te wera, te wera kore taurite rānei.

Nā konei, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā taputapu tunu kai kowiri tira he matua konumohe, he matua parahi rānei e herea ana ki waenga i ngā paparanga kowiri tira. Ka whakaratohia e te kowiri tira he ātete ki te waikura, he pakari, he mata e pā ana ki te kai, ā, ka tohatohahia te wera e te matua kawe hiko kia ōrite.

Te kawe hiko e te whānau maitai kore waikura

Ngā Āhuatanga e Pā Ana ki te Aroturukitanga o te Kowiri tira

Te Hanganga o te Koranu

Ka whakararuraru te chromium, te nickel, te molybdenum, te manganese, te silicon me ētahi atu tāpiringa i te kawe irahiko me te wera. I te pikinga ake o te ihirangi koranu, ka heke te kawe hiko, ahakoa ko te uara whakamutunga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te pūnaha koranu katoa, kaua ki te huānga kotahi anake.

Hanganga iti

He rerekē ngā hanganga tioata me ngā huinga āhua o ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic, ferritic, martensitic me te duplex. Ka pā ēnei rerekētanga ki te ātete hiko, te kawe wera, te urupare aukume me te whakawhānui wera.

Te pāmahana

Ka piki ake te ātete hiko i roto i te maitai kore waikura i te pikinga o te pāmahana, ko te tikanga ka heke te kawe hiko. Ka rerekē pea te kawe wera i runga i te pāmahana, ā, me tango mai i ngā raraunga rauemi e pā ana ki te pāmahana i te wā e hoahoa ana i ngā taputapu wera.

Te Mahi Matao me te Maimoatanga Wera

Ka huri te kume makariri, te hurihuri, te whakapakeke, te koroheketanga me te whakamahana i te kiato nekehanga me te hanganga moroiti. Ka taea e ēnei tukanga te whakarerekē i te kawe hiko me ngā āhuatanga miihini. Nō reira, ka rerekē pea ngā uara o te waea puna, te waea whakamahana me te maitai martensitic whakapakeke ahakoa he rite te taumata ingoa.

Āhua o te Mata me te Paanga

Kāore te kawe hiko o tētahi wāhanga i te rite ki te ātete puta noa i tētahi hononga pūtu, here, reti rānei. Ka whakawhanakehia e te maitai kore waikura he kiriata waikura angiangi e tiaki ana i a ia mai i te waikura engari ka taea te whakanui ake i te ātete pa.

Ka pāngia te mahi hiko o te huihuinga e te taratara o te mata, te poke, te pēhanga whakapā, te āhua o te waikura, te horahanga hononga me te hoahoa o te whakapiri. Nō reira, me whakamahi te hoahoa whakapā hiko i te ātete hononga ine, kaua ko te kawe hiko nui o te kounga kowiri tira anake.

Te Hiranga o te Arahi Hiko

Ngā Wāhanga Whakatakotoranga me te Hononga

Ka taea te whakamahi i te kowiri tira i roto i ngā wāhanga whenua, hononga me ngā wāhanga marara-pūmau ina he mea nui te ātete ki te waikura. Heoi, me manatoko te horahanga whakawhiti-wāhanga e hiahiatia ana, te ātete hononga, te kaha o te iahiko hapa me te tutuki i ngā waehere hiko.

Kāore e taea te kī he rite te whitiki kowiri tira ki te kawe parahi o ngā rahinga ōrite. Nā te mea he nui ake te ātete hiko o te kowiri tira, me rerekē pea te hoahoa whakawhiti, te hoahoa hononga rānei.

Te Whakamahana Ātete

He pai te ātete hiko teitei ake ina hangaia he wāhanga hei whakaputa wera i te wa e rere ana te iahiko mā roto. Ka taea te whakamahi i ētahi koranu kowiri tira me ngā koranu ātete-wera i roto i ngā wāhanga whakamahana, ngā wāhanga taputapu me ngā pūnaha wera ahumahi.

Me tutuki hoki i te rauemi kua tīpakohia ngā whakaritenga mō te waikura, te pāmahana, te ngoki me te huringa. Kaua te 304, te 316 rānei e whakaarohia aunoatia hei koranu ātete-whakamahana motuhake.

Ngā Pūoko me ngā Irahiko

E whakamahia ana te kowiri tira i roto i ngā whare pūoko, ngā tirotiro me ngā irahiko kua tohua, ina hiahiatia te kawe hiko, te ātete ki te waikura me te pakari ā-pūkaha. Tērā pea he mea nui ake te āhua o te mata, te kore e taea te whakawhiti, te whanonga pōraritanga me te hoahoa whakapā atu i te kawe hiko papatipu anake.

Te Parenga Uira

Ka taea e ngā wāhanga kowiri tira te whakauru ki roto i ngā pūnaha tiaki uira kua hangaia, inā koa i roto i ngā taiao waikura, i ngā taiao kua pāngia rānei. Me tutuki te rauemi, te wāhanga whakawhiti, te whakaritenga hononga me te tāutanga ki te paerewa tiaki uira e tika ana.

Kaua te wāhanga kowiri tira hanganga e kiia he ara uira e tutuki ana ki ngā whakaritenga, ki te kore e aromatawaitia hei wāhanga o te pūnaha katoa.

Te Hiranga o te Ahurea Wera

Ngā Whakawhiti Wera

Ahakoa he iti ake te whai huatanga o te kawe wera a te kowiri tira i te parahi, i te konumohe rānei, he whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā whakawhiti wera nā te mea he mea nui ake te ātete ki te waikura, te kaha o te pēhanga, te ngāwari ki te horoi me te hanga i te kawe wera mōrahi.

Ka whakatikatikahia e ngā kaihoahoa mā roto i ngā pakitara ngongo angiangi, te horahanga mata nui ake, ngā pereti kowakawaka, te rere pai ake me te kōwhiringa tohu tika. Ko te tauwehenga whakawhiti wera katoa e whakawhirinaki ana ki te matotoru o te pakitara, ngā kiriata wai, te paru me ngā āhuatanga rere, ehara i te mea ko te kawe wera o te konganuku anake.

Ngā taputapu tunu kai

He pakari, he ātete ki te waikura, he ngāwari hoki te horoi i te mata tunu kai o te kowiri tira, engari kāore e rite te tohatoha o te wera o te mura ki te konumohe, ki te parahi rānei. He maha ngā wā ka whakanohoia e ngā taputapu tunu kai maha-paparanga he konumohe, he konumohe rānei he pūtake parahi hei kawe hiko i waenganui i ngā paparanga konumohe.

Te Whakarewa me te Tapahi

Nā te iti o te kawe wera o te maitai kore waikura austenitic ka kukū te wera ki te taha o te rohe whakarewa, o te rohe tapahi rānei. I te taha o tōna whānui wera teitei, ka nui ake te hiahia ki te whakahaere i te whakaurunga wera, te raupapatanga, te aukati me te whakapōturi.

Ngā Wāhanga Pūwero me te Pāmahana-Teitei

E whakamahia ana ngā maitai kore waikura ferritic me te austenitic i roto i ngā pūnaha whakaputa hau, ngā oumu me ngā taputapu wera. Ka pā te kawe wera ki te tohatoha pāmahana, ko te ātete waikura, te whānui wera, te ngenge me te ngoki te nuinga o te wā e whakahaere ana i te kōwhiringa taumata whakamutunga.

Kowiri tira me ētahi atu konganuku

Me pēhea te tautuhi i te maitai kore waikura mō ngā mahi kawe hiko

• Te tohu kowiri tira me te tohu UNS, EN rānei
• He āhua pepa, pereti, rīpene, pae, paipa, ngongo, waea rānei
• Ngā whakaritenga ASTM, EN, kaupapa rānei e tika ana
• Kua whakawerahia, kua mahihia mātao, kua whakapakeketia, kua tawhitotia rānei
• Te pāmahana whakahaere me te whakamātautau
• Te kawe hiko e hiahiatia ana, te ātete mōrahi rānei
• Te kawe wera e hiahiatia ana ina he mea nui te hoahoa
• Ngā rahinga wāhanga me te wāhanga whakawhiti e kawe ana i te iahiko
• Te whakaotinga o te mata, te paninga me te whakarite whakapā
• Ngā whakaritenga mō te whenua, te here, te waehere hiko rānei
• Te taiao waikura me ngā matū horoi
• MTC, pūrongo ā-ahu me ngā whakaritenga whakamātautau tāpiri

Ngā Hua Kowiri tira e pā ana

Ka tukuna e SAKY STEEL ngā hua kowiri tira i roto i ngā momo, ngā āhua me ngā āhuatanga maha mō ngā tono hiko, wera me te ahumahi ātete-waikura:

• Awhe Hua Kowiri tiramō ngā paipa, ngongo, rau, pereti, koiri, rīpene, pae me ngā waea.
• Pereti Kowiri tiramō ngā taputapu hanganga, ātete wera me te ātete waikura.
• Waea Kowiri tiramō te puna, te whakarewa, te raranga, te hanga me ngā mahi motuhake.
• Paipa me te Ngongo Kowiri tiramō ngā paipa tukatuka, ngā whakawhiti wera me ngā pūnaha wai ahumahi.

Ngā Pātai Auau

Ka arahina e te maitai kore waikura te hiko?

Āe. He mea whakarewa te maitai kore waikura, engari he nui ake tōna ātete hiko i te parahi, i te konumohe rānei. Nō reira, kāore i te nuinga o te wā e whiriwhiria ana mō te tuku hiko tino whai hua.

He kawe hiko te maitai kore waikura 304?

Āe. Ka taea e te momo 304 te kawe hiko, engari he iti noa iho tōna kawe hiko i te parahi. Ko tōna uara tuturu ka whakawhirinaki ki te pāmahana, te hanganga me te āhua o te rauemi.

He nui ake te kawe hiko o te maitai kore waikura 316 i te 304?

He rite tonu ngā uara kawe hiko o te maitai kore waikura momo-316, engari tera pea he nui ake te ātete hiko, he iti ake te kawe hiko nā te mea he nui ake te whakauru o te konukōre. Ko te tikanga, me whiriwhiri te tohu i runga i ngā whakaritenga waikura me te ratonga, kaua i tēnei rerekētanga iti.

Ko tēhea maitai kore waikura te mea he kawe hiko teitei rawa atu?

Ko ngā momo ferritic me martensitic o raro-koranu ka pai ake te kawe i te wera me te hiko i ngā momo austenitic noa. Ko te whakatauranga tika e whakawhirinaki ana ki te momo, te āhua me te pāmahana o ia tangata.

Ka taea te whakamahi i te kowiri tira hei arataki whenua?

Ka taea te whakamahi i roto i ētahi pūnaha whenua me te hononga hangarau, inā koa he mea nui te ātete ki te waikura. Me manatoko te whakawhiti-wāhanga, te ātete hononga, te kaha o te iahiko hapa me te paerewa hiko e tika ana.

He aha i whakamahia ai te maitai kore waikura i roto i ngā whakawhiti wera mēnā he iti tōna kawe wera?

Ehara i te mea ko te kawe hiko teitei anake te mea e hiahiatia ana e ngā whakawhiti wera. Tērā pea ka pai ake te ātete ki te waikura, te kaha ki te pēhanga, te ma, me te mahi hanga mā te maitai kore waikura. Ka taea e ngā pakitara angiangi me te horahanga mata nui ake te whakakapi i te kawe hiko iti o ngā rauemi.

E tohu ana te aukume i te kawe hiko?

Kāo. He rerekē ngā āhuatanga o te rauemi i te urupare aukume me te kawe hiko. Tērā pea he aukume ngoikore te Austenitic 304 i muri i te mahi matao, ko te ferritic 430 ia he aukume, engari ka mau tonu te kawe hiko o ngā mea e rua.

Tonoa he Arotake Rauemi Kowiri tira