1. Tukatuka huarahi:
Kowiri tira tukatuka putorino profiled kua wehea ki te niao me te niao maha;
he tukanga niao o te putorino kowiri tira i roto i te tukatuka putorino me te niao raina production, i te huinga o te abrasive extrusion deformation o te ngongo niao ki te whakaturia te huinga o motuhake-ahua paipa paerewa.
Ko te hanga-maha te nuinga o te whakakikorua tuarua, kei roto i te ngongo porowhita, i te ngongo tapawha ranei i runga i te miihini ano i muri i te miihini ki roto i te ngongo ki roto i te huinga rerekee ngongo motuhake.
2. Rerekētanga ki te niao tuatahi me te niao tuarua:
Ko te kounga o te tukanga hua he pai ake i te waa o mua, engari ko te kounga motuhake me nga whakaritenga tukanga e kore e tino rerekee, ko etahi ngongo kowiri tira i roto i te waahanga whakawhiti o te tohu matatini o te uaua me te kore e taea te whiriwhiri i nga wa tuarua, neke atu ranei te Whakanoho, he mea hangarau hoki te hangahanga paipa kowiri tira Hainamana me nga taputapu kaore e taea te whakatutuki i te taumata teitei ake o te whiringa tika.
3. Taupānga:
Ko nga ngongo ahua kowiri tira e whakamahia nuitia ana i roto i nga momo hanganga, taputapu me nga waahanga miihini
4. Rerekētanga ki te ngongo a tawhio noa:
Ko te paipa kowiri tira te ahua o te putorino he nui ake te momeniti o te inertia me te whakawhiti-waahanga modulus, he nui ake te piko me te kaha torsional, ka taea te whakaiti i te taumaha o te hanganga, te whakaora i te maitai.
Te wa tuku: Maehe-12-2018