He tukanga ahumahi nui te whakamahana i te wera e whakamahia ana hei whakarerekē i ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha o ngā konganuku me ngā koranu, me te kore e whakarerekē i ō rātou āhua. Mā te āta whakahaere i ngā huringa whakamahana me te whakamatao, ka taea e ngā kaihanga te whakapai ake i te kaha, te pakeke, te ngāwari, me te ātete ki te kakahu kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga hangarau motuhake. He mea nui te mārama ki ngā momo tukanga whakamahana rerekē mō ngā ahumahi pēnei i te hanga, te motuka, te rererangi, me te hangahanga, he mea nui te mahi tika o ngā rauemi.
I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e mātou ngā momo matua o ngā tukanga maimoatanga wera, ō rātou kaupapa, me ngā whakamahinga.
1. Te whakamahana
Kaupapa
He tukanga whakamahana te whakamahana i hangaia hei whakangawari i ngā konganuku, hei whakapai ake i te ngāwari, hei whakaiti i ngā ahotea o roto, hei whakapai ake hoki i te hanganga o te kōpaka. Ka whakarei ake tēnei tukanga i te ngāwari o te miihini, ā, ka whakarite i te rauemi mō te hanga anō.
Tukanga
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Te whakamahana– Ka whakamahanatia te konganuku ki tētahi pāmahana kua whakaritea, i te nuinga o te wā kei runga ake i tōna pūwāhi whakakōhatu anō.
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Te pupuri– Ka puritia te pāmahana mō tētahi wā kia taea ai te whakaputa ke.
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Whakamatao– Ka āta whakamataohia te rauemi, i roto i te oumu i ētahi wā, kia kore ai e puta he ahotea.
Ngā tono
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Te hanga pepa whakarewa
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Te hanga waea
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Ngā wāhanga motuka
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Te hanga taputapu
2. Te Whakaōrite
Kaupapa
Mā te whakataurite ka whakapai ake i te pakari me te kaha o te maitai, me te whakapai ake anō hoki i te hanganga o te kōhao. Ka whakarite hoki i te ōritetanga o te pakeke me ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha.
Tukanga
Ka whakamahanahia te maitai ki runga ake i tōna pāmahana matua, ka puritia mō tētahi wā kua whakaritea, kātahi ka whakamataohia ki te hau i te pāmahana rūma. Mā tēnei whakamatao tere ake i te whakamatao ka puta he hua mārō, he hua kaha ake.
Ngā tono
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Ngā taputapu
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Ngā pou
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Ngā wāhanga i hangaia
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Ngā wāhanga hanganga i roto i te hanganga
3. Te whakapakeketanga
Kaupapa
Mā te whakapakeke ka whakanui ake i te pakeke me te kaha o te maitai mā te whakarerekē i tōna hanganga moroiti. Ka tutuki tēnei mā te whakamahana i te konganuku me te whakamatao tere (tinei).
Tukanga
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Te whakamahana– Ka whakamahanatia te maitai ki te pāmahana whakaausteniti.
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Te tinei– Ka tere te whakamatao i te maitai wera i roto i te wai, te hinu, te hau rānei.
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Ka hangaia e tēnei whakamatao tere he hanganga moroiti mārō e mōhiotia ana ko te martensite.
Ngā tono
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Ngā taputapu tapahi
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Mate
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Ngā peera
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Ngā wāhanga mīhini
4. Te whakamahana
Kaupapa
Ka mahia te whakamahana i muri i te whakapakeketanga hei whakaiti i te pakarukaru me te whakapai ake i te pakari. Ka whakataurite i te pakeke me te ngāwari kia rite ki te whakamahinga.
Tukanga
Ka whakamahanatia anō te maitai kua whakapakeketia ki te pāmahana i raro iho i te pūwāhi matua, kātahi ka whakamataotia. Ko te pāmahana tika te mea e whakatau ana i ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha whakamutunga.
Ngā tono
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Ngā Puna
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Ngā taputapu
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Ngā taputapu e hiahia ana kia pakari me te ātete ki te kakahu
5. Te Whakamārō i te Papa (Te Whakamārō i te Mata)
Kaupapa
Mā te whakapakeketanga o te pouaka ka whakapiki i te pakeketanga o te mata o te konganuku, me te pupuri tonu i te ngākau ngawari, ngāwari hoki. Ka whakarei ake tēnei i te ātete ki te kakahu me te kore e whakaiti i te kaha o te pānga.
Ngā momo whakapakeketanga o te pouaka
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Te whakakākahu– Te tāpiri waro ki te mata mā te whakamahana i roto i te taiao whai waro.
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Te whakanitiriti– Te werohanga o te hauota ki te mata.
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Te whakapūmau i te kāponi– Te whakakotahi i te werohanga waro me te hauota.
Ngā tono
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Ngā pou kame
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Ngā niho taputapu
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Ngā whakapiri
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Ngā peera
6. Maimoatanga Wera Otinga
Kaupapa
Ko te maimoatanga wera o te otinga e whakamahia ana mō te konumohe, te maitai kore waikura, me ngā koranu nikara. Ka whakarewahia ngā huānga koranu hei wairewa totoka, ka whakapai ake i te ātete ki te waikura me ngā āhuatanga miihini.
Tukanga
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Te whakamahana– Ka whakamahanahia te koranu ki te pāmahana teitei.
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Te tinei– Whakamatao tere kia mau tonu te wai mārō.
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Te koroheketanga– I ētahi wā ka whai muri ko te whakatōkia horihori hei whakatutuki i te mārō e hiahiatia ana.
Ngā tono
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Ngā wāhanga rererangi
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Ngā taputapu moana
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Ngā wāhanga motuka mahi teitei
7. Te koroheketanga (Te whakapakeketanga o te ua)
Kaupapa
Ka whakakaha te koroheketanga i ngā koranu mā te hanga i ngā matūriki angiangi e aukati ana i te nekehanga o te nekehanga i roto i te hanganga o te konganuku.
Ngā momo
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Te koroheketanga tūturu– Ka puta i te pāmahana rūma i roto i te wā.
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Te koroheketanga horihori– Ka whakatereteretia mā te whakamahana i te koranu i ngā pāmahana reo.
Ngā tono
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Ngā anga waka rererangi
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Ngā wāhanga miihini motuka
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Ngā here kaha-teitei
8. Whakamamae i te ahotea
Kaupapa
Mā te whakaiti i te ahotea ka whakaiti i ngā ahotea toenga e puta mai ana i te whakarewa, te miihini, te mahi matao rānei. Mā tēnei ka ārai i te piko, i te ngatata rānei i te wā e mahi ana.
Tukanga
Ka whakamahanatia te konganuku ki te pāmahana waenga i raro iho i tōna awhe whakaputanga, ā, ka āta whakamataotia.
Ngā tono
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Ngā hanganga whakarewa nui
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Ngā oko pēhanga
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Ngā toki me ngā taputapu
9. Te whakamahana
Kaupapa
Mā te whakamahana i te wera ka puta he hanganga moroiti bainitic e whakapai ake ana i te pakari me te whakaiti i te whakapohehetanga ki te whakataurite ki te tinei me te whakamahana tuku iho.
Tukanga
Ka whakamahanahia te maitai ki te pāmahana whakaausteniti, ka tineia ki roto i te kaukau tote i tētahi pāmahana kua whakaritea, ā, ka puritia kia oti rā anō te whakaputanga.
Ngā tono
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Ngā taputapu
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Ngā taputapu ahuwhenua
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Ngā wāhanga motuka
10. Te whakamahana
Kaupapa
Ka whakaitihia e te martempering te hē me ngā ahotea o roto i te wā e whakapakeketia ana.
Tukanga
Ka tineia te rino kia tae ki te pāmahana i runga ake i te tīmatanga o te martensite, ka puritia, kātahi ka whakamatao mārire puta noa i te awhe martensitic.
Ngā tono
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Ngā taputapu nunui
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Mate
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Ngā pou
Te Hiranga o te Maimoatanga Wera i roto i te Ahumahi
He mea nui te mahi a te whakamahana i te tinana ki te whakatutuki i te taurite o ngā āhuatanga miihini e hiahiatia ana mō ngā hiahia hangarau rerekē. Mā te whiriwhiri i te tukanga whakamahana tika, ka taea e ngā kaihanga te:
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Whakanuia te ātete kakahu
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Whakapai ake i te pakari
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Whakarei ake i te ātete ki te waikura
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Arotauhia te āheinga miihini
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Whakaitihia ngā ahotea toenga
Ko te kōwhiringa o te tukanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te momo whakarewa, ngā āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana, me te taiao tono.
Ngā Take e Pā Ana ki ngā Hua o te Maimoatanga Wera
He maha ngā āhuatanga e whakatau ana i te whai huatanga o te tukanga maimoatanga wera:
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Te hanganga o ngā rauemi– He rerekē te urupare a ngā konganuku me ngā koranu rerekē.
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Te tere whakamahana– Ka pā te tere, te puhoi rānei o te whakamahana ki ngā huringa hanganga moroiti.
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Te wā pupuri– Ka whakarite i te panonitanga katoa.
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Te tere whakamatao– Ka whakatau i te mārō me te pakari whakamutunga.
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Āhuarangi– Ka taea e ngā hau kore mahi, te korehau rānei te ārai i te waikura.
Ngā Whakaaro Whakamutunga
He pūtaiao te whakamahana, he toi anō hoki. He kaupapa motuhake tā ia tukanga, ā, he mea nui te whakahaere tika i te wā, te pāmahana, me ngā tikanga whakamatao kia tutuki ai ngā hua e hiahiatia ana. Ahakoa he whakapakeke i te taputapu tapahi, he whakangawari i te pepa hei hanga, he whakapai ake rānei i te ātete waikura mō ngā taputapu moana, ko te whakamahana te kaupapa matua o te hanga hou.
Mō ngā kamupene pēnei isakysteel, e tohunga ana ki te whakarato hua maitai kore waikura me te koranu kounga teitei, mā te mārama ki ēnei tukanga ka whiwhi ngā kiritaki i ngā rauemi e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa tino tika mō te mahi me te roa. Mā te whakauru i ngā tikanga maimoatanga wera matatau,sakysteelkei te tautoko tonu i ngā ahumahi o te ao me ngā otinga whakarewa tino tika.
Wā tuku: 13 o Ākuhata 2025