Pakati pa gulu la zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zapamwamba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ndege, kukonza mankhwala, komanso kupanga magetsi,Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 15-7PHimaonekera bwino chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwakemphamvu zambiri, kukana dzimbiri bwino, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana kutenthaLimodzi mwa mafunso omwe amafunsidwa kawirikawiri okhudza aloyi ndi lokhudzakuchulukana ndi kusungunuka kwa madzi, magawo awiri ofunikira a mainjiniya owerengera kulemera, magwiridwe antchito a kutentha, ndi ntchito zoponyera kapena zopangira.
Munkhaniyi,SAKYSTEELakufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane zakuchulukana ndi kusungunuka kwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 15-7PH, pamodzi ndi chidziwitso cha momwe zinthu zakuthupizi zimakhudzira kapangidwe, kapangidwe, ndi magwiridwe antchito m'malo ovuta.
1. Chiyambi cha Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri cha 15-7PH
15-7PH(UNS S17700, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Mtundu 631) ndichitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha martensitic cholimbayopangidwa kuti iperekemphamvu yayikulu, kuuma, ndi kukana dzimbirikuphatikiza ndi makhalidwe abwino opangira. Dzina lakuti "15-7PH" limachokera ku kapangidwe kake koyerekeza ka15% chromium ndi 7% nickel, ndi aluminiyamu yowonjezerapo kuti iume bwino.
Chitsulochi chimadutsa mu njira yapadera yochizira kutentha komwe mankhwala abwino apakati pa zitsulo (makamaka Ni₃Al) amapangika mkati mwa matrix, zomwe zimawonjezera mphamvu popanda kuwononga kulimba. Chifukwa cha izi, 15-7PH imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu:
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Akasupe amlengalenga ndi ma diaphragm
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Zipangizo zopangira mankhwala
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Zomangira kutentha kwambiri
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Zigawo zopangira mphamvu
Kumvetsa kwakemakhalidwe a kachulukidwe ndi kusungunukandikofunikira kwambiri pakuwerengera kulemera molondola komanso kapangidwe ka njira yotenthetsera.
2. Kuphatikizika kwa Mankhwala a 15-7PH
| Chinthu | Zomwe Zili M'kati Mwachizolowezi (%) | Cholinga |
|---|---|---|
| Chromium (Cr) | 14.0 – 16.0 | Kukana dzimbiri ndi mphamvu |
| Nikeli (Ni) | 6.5 – 7.8 | Kulimba ndi kukhazikika kwa martensitic |
| Aluminiyamu (Al) | 0.75 – 1.5 | Kuuma kwa mvula |
| Kaboni (C) | ≤ 0.09 | Kulamulira mphamvu |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 1.00 | Chotsitsa mpweya |
| Silikoni (Si) | ≤ 1.00 | Zimathandizira kukana okosijeni |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.04 | Yosungidwa yotsika kuti isamavutike kwambiri |
| Sulfure (S) | ≤ 0.03 | Kutha kugwira ntchito |
| Chitsulo (Fe) | Kulinganiza | Chigawo choyambira |
Kapangidwe kameneka kolinganizidwa bwino kamakhudza zonse ziwirikuchulukanandimalo osungunuka, popeza nickel, chromium, ndi aluminiyamu iliyonse ili ndi kulemera kwa atomiki kosiyana komanso machitidwe a kutentha.
3. Kuchuluka kwa Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzira cha 15-7PH
Thekuchulukanaya chitsulo imatanthauzira kulemera kwake pa unit voliyumu ndipo ndi chizindikiro chofunikira cha:
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Kuwerengera kulemera kwa zigawo
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Kapangidwe ka nyumba
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Kuwerengera kusamuka kwa madzi ndi kuyandama
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Kusintha pakati pa kulemera ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu posankha zinthu
Pa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 15-7PH,kachulukidwe wamba ndi pafupifupi:
7.80 g/cm³ (7800 kg/m³)
Mtengo uwu uli pafupi ndi wa zitsulo zina zosapanga dzimbiri zopangidwa ndi martensitic ndi precipitation-hardening monga 17-4PH (7.75 g/cm³) ndi 17-7PH (7.81 g/cm³).
3.1 Tebulo Losinthira Kuchuluka kwa Kachulukidwe
| Chigawo | Mtengo |
|---|---|
| g/cm³ | 7.80 |
| kg/m³ | 7800 |
| lb/mu³ | 0.282 |
| lb/ft³ | 487 |
Kuchulukana kwapakati kumeneku kumatsimikizira kuti 15-7PH imaperekachiŵerengero champhamvu kwambiri pa kulemera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yokongola kwambiri pazida zoyendera ndege komanso makina ogwira ntchito bwino pomwe gramu iliyonse ndi yofunika.
4. Kusungunuka kwa Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzira cha 15-7PH
Themalo osungunukaya aloyi imatanthauza nthawi ya kutentha pakati pa mfundo zake zolimba (kuyamba kusungunuka) ndi mfundo zamadzimadzi (zosungunuka kwathunthu). Mosiyana ndi zitsulo zoyera, zomwe zimakhala ndi mfundo imodzi yosungunuka, zitsulo zovuta monga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimasungunuka pakutentha kwapakatichifukwa cha kutentha kosiyanasiyana kwa zinthu zomwe zili m'gulu lawo.
KwaChitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 15-7PH,malo osungunuka wambandi:
1400 – 1450 °C (2550 – 2640 °F)
Mtundu uwu umagwirizana ndi zitsulo zina zouma zomwe zimakhala ndi chromium yambiri komanso nickel.
4.1 Chidule cha Kusungunuka kwa Malo
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17-4PH:1400 – 1440 °C
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17-7PH:1400 – 1455 °C
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15-5PH:1400 – 1450 °C
Motero, 15-7PH imakwanira mkati mwa mulingo womwewo koma imatha kuwonetsa mphamvu yolimba pang'ono chifukwa cha mphamvu ya aluminiyamu, zomwe zimakweza kutentha kosungunuka pang'ono.
5. Zinthu Zomwe Zimakhudza Kuchulukana ndi Kusungunuka kwa Madzi
5.1 Kuphatikizika kwa Mankhwala
Kuchuluka kwa chromium, nickel, ndi aluminiyamu kumatsimikiza momwe maatomu alili odzaza kwambiri komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimafunika kuti aswe ma atomu omangirana akasungunuka.
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Chromiumkumawonjezera kuuma ndi kutentha kosungunuka.
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FakitoliZimathandiza kulimba koma zimachepetsa pang'ono kachulukidwe.
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Aluminiyamuzimathandiza kulimbitsa thupi ndipo zimakweza pang'ono mfundo yosungunuka.
5.2 Kuchiza Kutentha
Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa zinthu kumasintha pang'ono panthawi yotenthetsera (osakwana 0.1%),kukulitsa kutentha ndi kusintha kwa gawozingakhudze kuchuluka kwa mafuta. Mankhwala okalamba (monga RH950 kapena TH1050) angayambitse kusintha pang'ono koma sakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi.
5.3 Zodetsa ndi Kulekerera Zosakaniza
Zonyansa zochepa kapena kusintha pang'ono kwa kapangidwe kake kumatha kusintha kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka ndi 10–20°C, koma kusinthaku nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa pazifukwa zaukadaulo.
6. Kufunika kwa Kuchulukana ndi Kusungunuka kwa Zinthu mu Kapangidwe ka Uinjiniya
6.1 Kuwerengera Kulemera ndi Kapangidwe ka Kapangidwe
Kudziwa kuchuluka kwake kwenikweni kumathandiza opanga kuwerengera kulemera kwa zigawo molondola. Mwachitsanzo, mu ntchito za ndege, kusintha gawo lopanda banga la 316L (kuchuluka kwa 8.0 g/cm³) ndi 15-7PH kumachepetsa kulemera konse pamene kumawonjezera mphamvu, kupititsa patsogolo kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mafuta ndi magwiridwe antchito.
6.2 Ntchito Zopangira ndi Kupangira
Kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka kumatsimikizira kutentha kwa uvuni, kapangidwe ka nkhungu, ndi kuwongolera kuuma. Kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka kumathandiza kuchepetsa kulekanitsidwa ndi kutseguka kwa ming'alu panthawi yopaka.
Kwa15-7PH, kulamulira bwino kusungunuka kumatsimikizira kuti kapangidwe kake kamakhala kofanana komanso kuti makina ake azikhala ofanana.
6.3 Kuwotcherera ndi Kupangira Ma Brazing
Mukalumikiza kapena kulumikiza 15-7PH, kumvetsetsa kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka ndikofunikira kuti tipewe kukula kwambiri kwa tirigu kapena kusungunuka pang'ono m'dera lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi kutentha. Kuwongolera koyenera kumapewa kusokonekera ndipo kumatsimikizira kuti malo olumikizirana ndi abwino.
6.4 Kukula kwa Kutentha ndi Kapangidwe ka Kutentha
Deta yochuluka ndi kusungunuka kwa madzi zimathandiza kuneneratu kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi kupsinjika kwa kutentha panthawi yokonza. Mainjiniya amagwiritsa ntchito deta iyi kuti akonze bwino nthawi yokonza madzi, ukalamba, kapena njira zochizira.
7. Chidule cha Katundu Wathupi wa 15-7PH
| Katundu | Mtengo Wamba | Chigawo |
|---|---|---|
| Kuchulukana | 7.80 | g/cm³ |
| Malo Osungunula | 1400–1450 | °C |
| Modulus Yotanuka | 200 | GPa |
| Mphamvu Yotentha Yapadera | 460 | J/kg·K |
| Kutentha kwa Matenthedwe | 16.7 | W/m·K |
| Kuchuluka kwa Kukula | 10.9 × 10⁻⁶ | /°C |
| Kukana kwa Magetsi | 0.00074 | Ω·cm |
Makhalidwe amenewa amapangitsa kuti 15-7PH zonse ziwirikapangidwe kake kamagwira ntchito bwino komanso kokhazikika pa kutentha, yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira kutentha kwapansi pa zero mpaka pafupifupi550 °C (1020 °F).
8. Kuyerekeza ndi Chitsulo Chosapanga Dziwe cha 17-4PH
| Katundu | 15-7PH | 17-4PH |
|---|---|---|
| Kuchulukana (g/cm³) | 7.80 | 7.75 |
| Malo Osungunula (°C) | 1400–1450 | 1400–1440 |
| Cholimbitsa | Aluminiyamu | Mkuwa |
| Kutentha Kwambiri kwa Utumiki (°C) | 550 | 315 |
| Mphamvu (Wachikulire) | Pamwamba Kwambiri | Pamwamba |
| Kukana Kudzikundikira | Zabwino | Zabwino kwambiri |
Ngakhale kuchulukana kuli kofanana, 15-7PH imaperekamphamvu zambiri komanso kukhazikika kwakukulu kutentha kwambiri, pomwe 17-4PH imapereka kukana dzimbiri bwino pang'ono komanso kusinthasintha kosavuta.
9. Ntchito Zamakampani Pomwe Kuchulukana ndi Kusungunuka kwa Malo Kuli Kofunika
9.1 Ndege
Chiŵerengero chabwino kwambiri cha mphamvu ndi kulemera kuchokera ku kuchuluka kwake kocheperako chimapangitsa 15-7PH kukhala yoyenera kwambirizomangira ndege, bellows, ndi ma diaphragmsMainjiniya amatha kupanga zida zopyapyala komanso zopepuka popanda kuwononga mphamvu ya katundu.
9.2 Kupanga Mphamvu ndi Mphamvu
Mu makina a gasi kapena nyukiliya, zigawo ziyenera kupirira kupsinjika kwa makina komanso kutentha kwambiri. Kusungunuka kwa alloy kumatsimikizirachitetezo cha kutentham'malo otentha pafupifupi 600 °C.
9.3 Zipangizo Zamankhwala ndi Zopangira
Pa ma valve, masipuri, ndi zolumikizira zamagetsi amphamvu, kuphatikiza kwa kuchulukana, kukana dzimbiri, ndi kupirira kutentha kumathandiza kuti ntchito ikhale yokhazikika pansi pa mikhalidwe yozungulira.
10. Chitsanzo Chowerengera Kulemera Pogwiritsa Ntchito Kuchulukana
Chitsanzo chothandiza chikuwonetsa momwe mainjiniya amagwiritsira ntchito deta ya density.
Chigawo:Ndodo ya 15-7PH, m'mimba mwake 50 mm, kutalika 1 m
Voliyumu = π × (25²) × 1000 mm³ = 1.963 × 10⁶ mm³ = 1.963 × 10⁻³ m³
Kulemera = 1.963 × 10⁻³ m³ × 7800 kg/m³ =makilogalamu 15.3
Kuwerengera kolondola kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri pakupanga ndege ndi magalimoto, komwe ngakhale kusiyana pang'ono kwa unyinji kumakhudza kulinganiza ndi kugwira ntchito bwino.
11. Malangizo Ogwiritsira Ntchito Kutentha Mogwirizana ndi Kusungunuka kwa Madzi
Kuti zinthu zisunge bwino, ma processor a mafakitale ayenera kutentha kutentha kochepera kutentha kwa solidus ya alloy.
Kwa15-7PH, malire otsatirawa a kutentha akulangizidwa:
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Chithandizo cha Mayankho:1035–1050 °C
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Kukalamba:510–565 °C
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Kupangira Mitundu:1150–900 °C
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Pewani Kutentha Kwambiri Pamwambapa:1350 °C
Magawo awa amasunga alloy pansi pa kuyambika kwake kosungunuka (1400 °C), kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyang'aniridwa bwino komanso kupewa kusungunuka koyamba.
12. Ubwino wa 15-7PH kuchokera ku Malingaliro a Katundu Wathupi
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Kuchulukana Koyenera:Amapereka zinthu zolimba popanda kulemera kosafunikira.
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Malo Osungunuka Kwambiri:Zimathandiza kuti kutentha kukhale kokhazikika komanso kusinthasintha kwa ntchito.
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Kukhazikika kwa Miyeso:Kusokonezeka kochepa panthawi ya chithandizo cha kutentha.
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Chiŵerengero Chodalirika cha Mphamvu ndi Kulemera:Zabwino kwambiri pazigawo zomangira komanso zosuntha.
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Kapangidwe Kake Kogwirizana:Imasungidwa kutentha konse.
Mapindu awa amapangitsa kuti 15-7PH ikhale yokondedwa ndi mainjiniya poyang'anira magwiridwe antchito, kulemera, ndi mtengo.
13. Kuwongolera ndi Kuyesa Ubwino ku SAKYSTEEL
SAKYSTEELkuonetsetsa kuti gulu lililonse la chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 15-7PH likukwaniritsa miyezo yokhwima ya thupi ndi yamakina. Gawo lililonse limatsatira:
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Kutsimikizira kuchuluka kwa madzi pogwiritsa ntchito kusanthula kwa hydrostatic kapena dimensional
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Kusanthula kapangidwe ka spectrometric
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Kutsimikizira malo osungunuka kuchokera ku mayeso olamulidwa a uvuni
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Kuyesa kuuma ndi kukakamiza katundu
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Kuyang'ana kwa akupanga ndi pamwamba
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Satifiketi ya miyezo ya ASTM A693 / AMS 5520 / AMS 5659
(Logo SAKYSTEEL)
Chogulitsa chilichonse chimatsatiridwa bwino ndi nambala ya kutentha ndipo chimaperekedwa ndi satifiketi ya EN 10204 3.1 kapena 3.2 yotsimikizira kuti chikutsatira malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi.
14. Mafomu a Zogulitsa ndi Mitundu Yogulira
SAKYSTEEL imapereka chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 15-7PH m'njira zosiyanasiyana:
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Mipiringidzo Yozungulira ndi Ndodo:Yotenthedwa, yopangidwa, kapena yokokedwa ndi ozizira
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Mapepala ndi Mapepala:Matenda okalamba kapena okalamba
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Mawaya ndi Zingwe:Za masipuri ndi ma diaphragm
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Zopangira ndi Mphete:Zopangidwira zojambula zokha
Zogulitsa zonse zimapezeka mu kukula koyenera komanso koyenera, zodulidwa bwino malinga ndi zomwe kasitomala akufuna, ndi chithandizo chotumizira padziko lonse lapansi.
15. Chidziwitso Chothandiza cha Uinjiniya
Powerengera katundu wotentha kapena kupanga makina opanikizika,kuchulukanaimatanthauzira kusakhazikika kwa misa, pomwemalo osungunukaimatanthauzira malire a chitetezo.
Mwachitsanzo:
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Mu injini za ndege, kuchulukana kwa mpweya kumatsimikiza kulinganiza kwa kayendedwe ka mpweya.
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Mu zosinthira kutentha, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka kumathandiza kupewa kuwonongeka kwa kapangidwe kake panthawi ya kutentha kwambiri.
Motero, mfundo ziwirizi si mfundo zenizeni chabe — ndizozofunikira pa uinjiniyakuti zigwire bwino ntchito.
16. Kuyerekeza ndi Zitsulo Zosapanga Dzimbiri Zachizolowezi
| Katundu | 15-7PH | 304 | 316L |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kuchulukana (g/cm³) | 7.80 | 8.00 | 8.03 |
| Malo Osungunula (°C) | 1400–1450 | 1400–1455 | 1370–1400 |
| Mphamvu Yotulutsa (MPa) | 1100+ | 205 | 290 |
| Kutentha Kwambiri kwa Utumiki (°C) | 550 | 425 | 425 |
Kuyerekeza kumeneku kukuwonetsa momwe15-7PH imapereka mphamvu yapaderapafupifupi pa kuchuluka kofanana ndi mphamvu ya kutentha kwambiri kuposa magiredi a austenitic.
17. Zoganizira za Chilengedwe ndi Chitetezo
Kuchulukana pang'ono kwa alloy ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri zimathandiza kuti zinthu zizikhala bwino komanso kuti zikhale zotetezeka:
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Kuchuluka kochepa kumachepetsa kulemera kwa kapangidwe kake konse, zomwe zimapulumutsa mphamvu.
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Kusungunuka kwakukulu kumapereka chitetezo chachikulu pa kutentha.
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Filimu yokhazikika ya oxide imachepetsa nthawi yokonza ndi kusintha.
Mu utumiki wa nthawi yayitali, izi zikutanthauzandalama zochepa zoyendera moyondikudalirika kwakukulu.
18. Miyezo ya Makampani Yotchulidwa
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 15-7PH chikugwirizana ndi:
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ASTM A693- Mbale Yopanda Chisanu Youma, Mapepala, ndi Mzere Wopanda Chisanu Wouma
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AMS 5659 / AMS 5520- Mafotokozedwe a Zipangizo Zamlengalenga
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UNS S17700- Dongosolo Lowerengera Manambala Logwirizana
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Kusankhidwa kwa Aloyi ya SAE 631
Miyezo iyi imafotokoza zofunikira zake zakuthupi, zamakanika, ndi zamakemikolo, kuphatikiza magawo a kuchulukana ndi kusungunuka komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito powongolera khalidwe.
19. Chidule cha Deta Yofunika
| Katundu | Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzira cha 15-7PH |
|---|---|
| Kuchulukana | 7.80 g/cm³ (7800 kg/m³) |
| Malo Osungunula | 1400 – 1450 °C (2550 – 2640 °F) |
| Mphamvu (Wachikulire) | 1250–1450 MPa |
| Kutentha Kwambiri kwa Utumiki | 550 °C |
| Kapangidwe | Martensitic, yolimba chifukwa cha mvula |
| Gawo Louma | Ni₃Al |
| Mapulogalamu | Zamlengalenga, Mankhwala, Mphamvu, Zigawo Zolondola |
20. Mapeto
Thekuchulukana ndi kusungunuka kwa madziya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 15-7PH —7.80 g/cm³ndi1400–1450 °Cmotsatana — fotokozani mbiri yake ngatialoyi wamphamvu kwambiri, wokhazikika pa kutenthayoyenera mafakitale ovuta kwambiri.
Kulemera kwake koyenera, kupirira kutentha kwakukulu, komanso kapangidwe kake kokhazikika kumapangitsa kuti ikhale chinthu chodalirika cha zinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kupsinjika kwa makina komanso kutentha kwambiri.
At SAKYSTEEL, timadziwa bwino kupereka zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zovomerezeka za 15-7PH mu mipiringidzo, mbale, mawaya, ndi mitundu yopangidwa mwamakonda, zonse zoyesedwa komanso zotsatiridwa motsatira miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi. Cholinga chathu ndi kupereka zinthu zonse.khalidwe lokhazikika, makina olondola, komanso magwiridwe antchito odalirikakwa makasitomala padziko lonse lapansi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-29-2025