Kahong ea likepe lefatšeng ka bophara, tšepe ea kaho ea likepe e tlameha ho fana ka matla a tšepahalang, ho tšoarella, le ho hanyetsa nako e telele tikolohong e hlokang tlhokomelo ea leoatleng. Ho latela litekanyetso tse amoheloang ke machaba ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho etseng qeto ea hore na poleiti ea tšepe e ka sebelisoa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng likepeng, li-deck, mehahong ea leoatleng le lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa tsa leoatleng. Har'a litlhaloso tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa le tse buuoang haholo indastering ea likepe keASTM A131leEN 10025Litekanyetso tsena tse peli li hlalosa thepa ea mechini, meeli ea sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale, litlhoko tsa kalafo ea mocheso, le mekhoa ea liteko e netefatsang hore thepa ea tšepe e khona ho mamella meroalo e feteletseng leoatleng.
Ha lekala la likepe le ntse le tsoela pele ho atoloha ho ea likepeng tse kholoanyane, mererong e tebileng ea leoatle, le ho latela melao e thata, libaka tsa likepe le lifeme tsa boenjiniere li ntse li batla bafepedi ba khonang ho fihlela litsamaiso tsa maemo tsa Amerika le tsa Europe. Bareki ba bangata ba lefats'e ka bophara le bona ba khetha ho sebetsa le bahlahisi ba kangsakysteel, ba bolokang boleng bo tsitsitseng le setifikeiti se tsitsitseng ho pholletsa le maemo a ASTM le EN. Sengoloa sena se fana ka tlhaloso e tebileng ea hore na tšepe ea kaho ea likepe e latela ASTM A131 le EN 10025 joang, bohlokoa ba maemo ana ka bobeli, le hore na ke hobane'ng ha bokhoni ba maemo a mabeli bo ntse bo ba bohlokoa ketane ea phepelo ea lefats'e.
Kakaretso ea Litlhoko tse Tloaelehileng tsa ASTM A131
ASTM A131 ke tlhaloso ea mantlha bakeng sa tšepe ea sebopeho e sebelisoang hokaho ea likepe le lisebelisoa tsa likepeE akaretsa mefuta e 'maloa, ho kenyeletsoa matla a tloaelehileng (A, B, D), matla a phahameng (AH32, DH32, EH32, AH36, DH36, EH36), le mefuta e matla le ho feta bakeng sa likarolo tse khethehileng tsa sekepe.
Litlhoko tsa Bohlokoa tsa ASTM A131
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Ho tsitsa ha Sebopeho sa Lik'hemik'hale
ASTM A131 e totobatsa maemo a laoloang a khabone, manganese, silicon, sebabole le phosphorus. Lintho tse kopanyang tse nyenyane tse kang niobium, vanadium, le titanium li ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ntlafatso ea lijo-thollo. Meeli ena e fokotsa ho robeha ha bonolo le ho ntlafatsa ho tiea ha tšepe ka kakaretso le ho khona ho e kopanya. -
Matlotlo a Mekaniki
Matla a tlhahiso, matla a ho thapolla le ho lelefala li hlalosoa ka ho hlaka bakeng sa sehlopha se seng le se seng. Maemo a matla a phahameng joalo ka AH36 a tlameha ho fihlela lipheo tse tiileng ho netefatsa khanyetso ea sekepe tlas'a litlamorao tse boima tsa maqhubu kapa meroalo e matla. -
Teko ea Matla a Tšusumetso
Bongata ba litšepe tsa metsing li hloka teko ea Charpy V-Notch mochesong o tlase. Mekhahlelo e kang DH36 le EH36 e na le litlhoko tse thata haholoanyane tsa ho tiea ho tšehetsa ts'ebetso ea maemo a leholimo a batang, litsela tsa Arctic le meaho ea lebopong la leoatle. -
Maemo a Phano
Ho latela sehlopha, tšepe e ka tlisoa boemong ba ho phuthoa, ho phuthoa ho laoloang, kapa ho phuthoa ka mokhoa o laoloang ka mokhoa o chesang (TMCP). TMCP e ntlafatsa dikarolelano tsa matla ho ea boima, e leng se etsang hore e be e loketseng meralo ea sejoale-joale ea sekepe se sebetsang hantle. -
Ho Weldability le Tlhahiso
Tšepe ea ASTM A131 e tlameha ho boloka ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng ea mechini kamora ho tjheseletsa, ho seha, kapa ho bopa. Ho tjheseletsa hoa hlokahala ho netefatsa hore manonyeletso a khetla a lula a le maemong a matle nakong ea ts'ebeletso ea nako e telele.
Ho utloisisa Litlhoko tse Tloaelehileng tsa EN 10025
EN 10025 ke tekanyetso ea Europe e hlalosang litšepe tsa sebopeho bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse akaretsang le tsa mose ho maoatle. Le hoja e se feela kahong ea likepe, e sebelisoa haholo mehahong ea leoatle, lipolatefomong tsa mose ho maoatle, li-module tsa ka tlas'a leoatle le meralo e tšehetsang.
Di-subgrade tse sebediswang haholo di kenyeletsa S235, S275, S355, S420, le S460, tse nang le mefuta ya boikgethelo ya teko ya tshusumetso (JR, J0, J2, N, NL). Bakeng sa ditshebediso tsa mose ho mawatle, EN 10025-3, EN 10025-4, le EN 10025-6 hangata di a supiwa.
Litlhoko tsa Bohlokoa tsa EN 10025
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Tlhophiso ho ya ka Matla a Mekaniki
Mekhahlelo ea EN e arotsoe haholo-holo ka matla a fokolang a tlhahiso. Mohlala, tšepe ea S355 e fana ka bonyane ba tlhahiso ea 355 MPa 'me e sebelisoa khafetsa bakeng sa likarolo tsa likepe, likerene le meaho ea tšehetso. -
Mekhahlelo ea Tšusumetso e Ikhethelang
JR, J0, le J2 li emela litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa teko ea tšusumetso. J2 e fana ka khanyetso e phahameng ka ho fetisisa khahlanong le ho robeha ha brittle, e leng se etsang hore e lokele tšebeletso ea leoatleng mochesong o tlase. -
Maemo a Tloaelehileng le a TMCP
EN 10025 e dumella ho tloaeleha le ho sebetsa ka thermo-mechanical ho ntlafatsa sebopeho sa ka hare sa micros le ho ntlafatsa ho mamella tlasa maemo a feto-fetohang a lewatle. -
Taolo e Tiileng ea Tekanyo le Mamello
Litekanyetso tsa Europe li kenyelletsa mamello e qaqileng bakeng sa botenya, bophara, ho ba bataletseng le boleng ba moeli, ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e tšepahalang nakong ea tlhahiso ea sekepe. -
Ho Tšoaea le ho Latela ha CE
Thepa e tlasa EN 10025 e hloka ho latelwa ka botlalo ho tloha ho etsweng ka tshepe ho isa ho tlisweng ha ho qetela. Sena se bohlokwa bakeng sa mekgatlo ya ho arola le ditlhahlobo tsa boleng ba dikepe.
Hobaneng ha Likepe tsa Likepe li Hloka ho Latela Melao ea ASTM A131 le EN 10025
'Marakeng oa hajoale oa kaho ea likepe oa machaba, beng ba likepe le borakonteraka ba boenjiniere ba sebetsa libakeng tse fapaneng tsa taolo. Sekepe se hahiloeng Asia se ka 'na sa netefatsoa Europe 'me hamorao sa sebeletsoa Amerika. Sena se hlahisa khetho e matla ea thepa e fihlelang litlhoko tsa ASTM le EN.
1. Ho lumellana ha Maemo a Lefatše
Libaka tse ngata tsa likepe li etsa likopo tsa merero lefatšeng ka bophara. Ho sebelisa thepa e fihlelang maemo ana ka bobeli ho felisa likhohlano tsa meralo le ho nolofatsa tumello ea mokhatlo oa lihlopha.
2. Polokeho e Ntlafalitsoeng le Botšepehi ba Meaho
ASTM A131 e netefatsa ho tšoaneleha bakeng sa likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa sekepe, ha EN 10025 e tšehetsa litho tsa sebopeho, liforomo le likarolo tsa matlafatso. Hammoho, li theha moralo o felletseng oa ho latela melao.
3. Thepa e Nolofalitsoeng le Theko
Mofani ea bolokang thepa e latela maemo ka bobeli o thusa libaka tsa likepe ho fokotsa nako ea ho reka le ho qoba mathata a ho se lumellane ha thepa pakeng tsa liphutheloana tse fapaneng tsa meralo.
4. Botumo bo Phahameng Mebarakeng ea Machaba
Ho latela melao e habeli ho bontša matla a tlhahiso ea mofani, bokhoni ba netefatso ea boleng, le boikemisetso ba ho tšehetsa merero ea likepe e hlokang boiteko.
Bafepedi ba kangsakysteelhangata e boloka disete tse felletseng tsa ditokomane tsa ASTM le EN, ho kenyeletswa le di-MTC ho ya ka EN 10204 3.1, e leng se fanang ka boitshepo ho dibaka tsa dikepe, mekgatlo ya ho arola, le baenjiniere ba EPC.
Liphapang tsa Bohlokoa Pakeng tsa ASTM A131 le EN 10025
Leha maemo ana ka bobeli a sebeletsa lits'ebetso tsa sebopeho, ho na le liphapang tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa:
1. Tsepamiso ea Kopo
ASTM A131 e ipapisitse le lewatle, athe EN 10025 e pharaletse mme hangata e sebediswa bakeng sa meaho ya lewatle le lewatle.
2. Tlhophiso ea Matla a Tšusumetso
ASTM e sebelisa mekhahlelo ea A/B/D/E, ha EN e sebelisa mefuta ea JR/J0/J2 kapa NL e nang le mocheso o hlalositsoeng hantle oa tšusumetso.
3. Maemo a Matla
ASTM A131 e hlalosa mekhahlelo ea matla ka A, B, D, AH36, DH36, EH36.
EN 10025 e sebedisa S235, S275, S355, S420, S460 ka dihlomathiso tse ding.
4. Mekhoa ea Teko
Ka bobeli li hloka liteko tsa ho tsitlella le tsa tšusumetso, empa litekanyetso tsa kamohelo li fapana hanyane ho latela tsoelo-pele ea nalane ea tekanyetso ka 'ngoe.
5. Kabo le Kalafo ea Mocheso
TMCP e bapala karolo e kholo lits'ebetsong ka bobeli, empa maemo a EN a kenyelletsa likhetho tse ling tse tloaelehileng le tse phutholohileng.
Kamoo Bahlahisi ba Nepang Hore ho Latelwa Melao
Ho hlahisa tšepe e lumellanang le ASTM A131 le EN 10025 ho hloka taolo e tiileng nakong ea mohato o mong le o mong oa tlhahiso.
1. Taolo ea Lintho tse Tala
Ho kopanya ka nepo ho netefatsa hore khabone, sebabole, phosphorus le likarolo tse nyane li lula ka har'a meeli e lumelletsoeng.
2. Theknoloji ea Ts'ebetso
Theknoloji ea TMCP, ho phutholoha ho laoloang, le litsamaiso tsa sejoale-joale tsa ho lahla tse tsoelang pele li netefatsa matla le ho tiea ho ts'oanang.
3. Teko e sa Senyeheng
UT, RT, ET, le tlhahlobo ea bokaholimo li netefatsa hore poleiti ha e na liphoso tsa ka hare le tsa bokaholimo.
4. Teko ea Mekaniki
Liteko tsa ho tsikinyeha, tšusumetso, ho thatafala le ho tjheseletsa li etsoa ka sehlopha ho netefatsa ho latela melao.
5. Setifikeiti le ho Latelwa ha Dintho
Litokomane tse kang MTC, ho tšoaea CE, le tumello ea mokhatlo oa lihlopha (ABS, DNV, LR, BV) li netefatsa ho latela melao e tloaelehileng.
Litšebeliso tsa Tšepe ea ASTM A131 le EN 10025 Libakeng tsa Leoatle
Maemo ana a sebediswa dikarolong tse fapaneng tsa bohlokwa tsa sekepe le tsa lewatle:
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Meaho ea Li-hull
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Li-deck le li-bulkhead
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Likereine, li-derrick, le liforeimi tse tšehetsang
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Maoto le dimmojule tsa sethala sa kantle ho naha
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Likepe tsa lijana, litanka tsa oli, le lijari tse kholo
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Likepe tsa sehlopha sa leqhoa le thepa ea Arctic e lebōpong la leoatle
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Lisebelisoa tsa likepe le litšehetso tsa meaho
Ho sebelisa tšepe e lumellanang le melao ho netefatsa polokeho ea nako e telele, ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhokomelo, le ho ntlafatsa bophelo ba sekepe.
Melemo ea ho Sebelisa Tšepe e Latelang Maemo a Mabeli
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Kamohelo e phahameng lefatšeng ka bophara
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Ho tsitsa ha tshebetso ho betere
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Polokeho e ntlafetseng nakong ea boemo ba leholimo bo feteletseng
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Boima ba sebopeho bo ntlafalitsoeng
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Kotsi e tlase ea kaho
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Boleng bo boholo ba thekiso ea sekepe
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Boenjiniere le setifikeiti se nolofalitsoeng
Qetello
Ho latela melaoASTM A131leEN 10025e se e le tlhoko ea motheo indastering ea kajeno ea kaho ea likepe. Litekanyetso tsena li netefatsa hore thepa ea tšepe e fihlela litlhoko tse thata tsa mechini, lik'hemik'hale le polokeho tse hlokahalang bakeng sa tikoloho ea leoatle. Ha libaka tsa likepe li ikemiselitse ho haha likepe tse sebetsang hantle, tse sireletsehileng le tse tšoarellang haholoanyane, tlhoko ea bahlahisi ba khonang ho fihlela litekanyetso ka bobeli ka nako e le 'ngoe e ntse e hola. Bafepedi ba tšepahalang ba kang sakysteel ba fana ka thepa e nang le ho sala morao ka botlalo, botsitso bo phahameng le setifikeiti sa lefats'e, ho netefatsa hore baetsi ba likepe ba ka fihlela litlhaloso tse thata tsa projeke ka kholiseho. Ka melaoana e thata ea lefats'e ea likepe le nts'etsopele e rarahaneng ea lebopong, tšepe ea kaho ea likepe e nang le maemo a mabeli e tla lula e le tšiea ea bohlokoa ea boenjiniere ba mehleng ea kajeno ba likepe.
Nako ea poso: Pulungoana-14-2025