Indlela iPlate yeNsimbi ye-AH36 eqinisekisa ngayo uBume beSakhiwo kuLwakhiwo lweHull

Kwihlabathi elinzima lokwakha iinqanawa, apho amandla, ukuqina, kunye nokhuseleko kubaluleke kakhulu, ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha inqanawa yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni nasekuhlaleni kwayo ixesha elide. Phakathi kweentsimbi zodidi lolwandle,Ipleyiti yentsimbi ye-AH36Ivelele njengenye yezona zinto zithembekileyo nezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni iinqanawa zemithwalo, iinqanawa zeoyile, iinqanawa zaselwandle, kunye nezakhiwo zaselunxwemeni. Amandla ayo aphezulu, ukudityaniswa kakuhle, kunye nokumelana okuphezulu nokugqwala kwenza ukuba ibe lukhetho olukhethwayo kwiindawo zokwakha iinqanawa kwihlabathi liphela.

At i-sakysteel, Siyazingca ngokubonelela ngeenkonzo ezisemgangathweni ophezuluIipleyiti zentsimbi ze-AH36ezihlangabezana nemigangatho ye-ASTM A131 kunye nemigangatho yoluntu lokwahlulahlula efana ne-ABS, i-LR, i-DNV, kunye ne-BV, ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwesakhiwo okufunekayo kubunjineli bezolwandle banamhlanje.

1. Ukuqonda ipleyiti yentsimbi ye-AH36

Ipleyiti yentsimbi ye-AH36yiisinyithi solwakhiwo lwaselwandle esinamandla aphezuluIsetyenziselwa kakhulu ukwakha iinqanawa ezinkulu kunye nezakhiwo eziphezulu zeenqanawa. Iphantsi komgangatho we-ASTM A131/A131M kwaye yenzelwe ukubonelela ngemveliso ephezulu kunye namandla okutsalwa, kunye nokuqina okugqwesileyo, ukunyamezela iimeko ezinzima ezidibana nazo elwandle.

Ulwakhiwo oluphambili lweekhemikhali:

• Ikhabhoni (C): ≤ 0.18%

• IManganese (Mn): 0.90–1.60%

• I-Silicon (Si): 0.10–0.50%

• I-Phosphorus (P): ≤ 0.035%

• I-Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.035%

Iimpawu zoomatshini:

• Amandla okuvelisa: ≥ 355 MPa

• Amandla okutsalwa: 490–620 MPa

• Ukwandiswa: ≥ 21%

• Amandla empembelelo kaCharpy V-notch: avavanyiwe kwi-0°C

Ezi mpawu zenza i-AH36 ibe yintsimbi eguquguqukayo nethembekileyo yokwenza izakhiwo ezinkulu zaselwandle ekufuneka zimelane noxinzelelo oluphezulu lokuxinzelela nokugoba.

2. Kutheni Ukunyaniseka Kwesakhiwo Kubalulekile Ekwakhiweni KweeHull

Iinqanawayeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwisakhiwo sayo nayiphi na inqanawa—yenza i-envelope engangeni manzi egcina inqanawa idada kwaye inika isakhelo samandla esiphambili esimelana nemithwalo evela kwimithwalo, amaza, kunye noxinzelelo lwe-hydrostatic.

Ukugcina ulungelelwaniso lwesakhiwo senqanawa kuqinisekisa:

• Ukhuseleko:Ithintela ukungaphumeleli okukhulu kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-shell.

• Ubude bexesha:Inciphisa umonakalo wokudinwa kwiminyaka emininzi yokusebenza.

• Ukusebenza kakuhle:Inciphisa iindleko zokulungisa kunye nokuphindaphinda kokufakwa kwe-dry-docking.

• Ukuthobela imithetho:Ihlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zoyilo lwemibutho yokwahlulahlula.

Ngenxa yezi mfuno, izinto ezifanaIpleyiti yentsimbi ye-AH36zenzelwe ukubonelela ngokusebenza kakuhle koomatshini nokuba phantsi kweemeko zaselwandle ezinzima kakhulu.

3. Indlela i-AH36 Steel ephucula ngayo amandla kunye nozinzo lwe-Hull

a. Imveliso Ephezulu kunye Nokuqina Kokuxinana

Enye yeenzuzo ezibalulekileyo zentsimbi ye-AH36 kukubaamandla aphezulu okuvelisa (ubuncinci obuyi-355 MPa)kwayeamandla okutsalwa (490–620 MPa)Ezi mpawu zivumela abakhi beenqanawa ukuba bayile izakhiwo zenqanawa ezibhityileyo kodwa ezomeleleyo, benciphisa ubunzima benqanawa iyonke ngelixa begcina ukuqina.

Olu phuculo lobunzima aluphuculi nje kuphelaukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwepetrolikodwa ikwanyusaumthamo womthwalo, nto leyo eyenza i-AH36 ibe lukhetho olungabizi kakhulu kwiinqanawa zorhwebo nezomkhosi.

b. Ukuxhathisa Ukuguquka Phantsi Komthwalo

Inqanawa ihlala ifumana imithwalo enamandla evela kumaza, umoya, kunye nokusasazwa kobunzima bemithwalo. Ukuqina okuphezulu kunye nokuguquguquka kwe-AH36 kwenza ukuba ikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo olunjalo ngaphandle kokuguquka okanye ukuqhekeka okungapheliyo, okuqinisekisa ukuba imo yenqanawa kunye nokusebenza kwayo nge-hydrodynamic kuhlala kuhleli ubomi bayo bonke.

c. Ukumelana nokudinwa okugqwesileyo

Ukulayisha okuphindaphindiweyo okujikelezayo kunokubangela ukudinwa kwiisakhiwo zenqanawa ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ulwakhiwo lwengqolowa ecociweyo ye-AH36 kunye nolwakhiwo lwe-carbon-manganese olulawulwayo lubonelela ngokumelana nokudinwa okubalaseleyo, okunceda ukwandisa ubomi bokusebenza kwenqanawa naphantsi kweemeko ezinzima zolwandle.

4. Ukumelana nokugqwala kwiindawo zaselwandle

Amanzi anetyuwa yenye yezona zinto ziyingozi kakhulu zemvelo ezibangela ukubola, ezikwaziyo ukonakala ngokukhawuleza kweentsimbi ezingakhuselekanga. Ipleyiti yentsimbi ye-AH36, xa idityaniswe nonyango olufanelekileyo lomphezulu kunye neengubo, ibonisa oku.ukumelana okunamandla nokugqwala kwamanzi olwandle, ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwesakhiwo senqanawa kangangeminyaka emininzi yokusebenza.

Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokukhusela ukugqwala ziquka:

• Ukuqhumisa isibhamu kunye nokwaleka kweprimerngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa

• Iingubo ezityebileyo ze-epoxy okanye ze-zinc

• Iinkqubo zokukhusela i-Cathodicukusebenzisa ii-anode zedini

La manyathelo anciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokugcina izinto zisemgangathweni kwaye akhusela inqanawa ekuqhekekeni kwemingxuma, ukubola kwemingxuma, kunye nokwenziwa komhlwa.

5. Iingenelo zokuWelda kunye nokuFaka

Inkqubo yokwenziwa kweenqanawa ibandakanya ukuwelda okubanzi, ukugoba, kunye nokusika. Intsimbi ye-AH36 yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukubonelelaukuwelda okugqwesileyongeemfuno eziphantsi zobushushu bangaphambi kokuba kufudunyezwe, kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwindawo echaphazelekileyo bubushushu (HAZ).

Ingadityaniswa kusetyenziswa iindlela eziqhelekileyo zeendawo zokuthutha iinqanawa ezifana nezi:

• Ukuwelda kwe-Arc yesinyithi esikhuselweyo (i-SMAW)

• Ukuwelda kwe-Arc yeGesi yeMetal (GMAW)

• Ukuwelda kwe-Flux-Cored Arc (FCAW)

• Ukuwelda kwe-Arc efakwe emanzini (i-SAW)

Yayoixabiso elilinganayo lekhabhoni eliphantsi (i-CEV)iqinisekisa ukuwelda okuthambileyo kunye nokuqina okuqinileyo kwamalungu, okubalulekileyo ekugcineni ukhuseleko lwenqanawa phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zoxinzelelo.

At i-sakyalloy, yonke ipleyiti yentsimbi ye-AH36 iyadlulauvavanyo lwe-ultrasound, ukuhlolwa kobukhulu, kunye nokuqinisekiswa kweekhemikhalingaphambi kokuthunyelwa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokuwelda kunye namandla oomatshini.

6. Iindawo zokusetyenziswa kwiHull Construction

Iipleyiti zentsimbi ze-AH36zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zeenqanawa apho amandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina kubalulekile:

• Iigobolondo ze-Outer Hull:Inika ukuqina kwesakhiwo kwaye ikhusela kwimpembelelo yamaza.

• Amacandelo eKeel:Umqolo wenqanawa othatha uxinzelelo olude.

• Iintloko ezinkulu:Iindonga zangaphakathi eziphucula ukuqina kwesakhiwo kunye nokwahlukana.

• Iidekhi kunye neefreyimu ezisecaleni:Xhasa imithwalo enzima kwaye uthintele ukuguguleka.

• Izakhiwo zeBow kunye neStern:Yenzelwe ukunyamezela uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokugoba.

Ukususela kwiinqanawa ezincinci zaselunxwemeni ukuya kwiinqanawa ezinkulu zeoyile kunye neenqanawa zekhonteyina, i-AH36 isebenza njengesixhobo esisisiseko ekufezekiseni uyilo oluqinileyo nolukhuselekileyo lweenqanawa.

7. Iimvume kunye neMigangatho yoHlelo lweMibutho

Iipleyiti zentsimbi ze-AH36 ziqinisekiswe yiyo yonke imibutho ephambili yokwahlulahlula kwihlabathi liphela, ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe yolwandle:

• I-ABS (i-American Bureau of Shipping)

• LR (Irejista kaLloyd)

• I-DNV (Det Norske Veritas)

• I-BV (iBureau Veritas)

• I-GL, i-RINA, kunye ne-NK

Ezi ziqinisekiso ziqinisekisa ukuba izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zoomatshini, iikhemikhali kunye novavanyo ezifunekayo ekwakhiweni kwenqanawa.

8. Inzuzo yokuthelekisa ngaphezu kweentsimbi zokwakha iinqanawa eziqhelekileyo

Xa kuthelekiswa neentsimbi ezithambileyo zesiqhelo ezifana ne-A36, i-AH36 inika iingenelo ezininzi eziphambili: