Insimbi Engagqwali engu-304 vs 316: Indlela Yokukhetha Amabha, Amashidi Namapayipi

Isingeniso

Uma uqhathanisaInsimbi engagqwali engu-304 vs 316, abathengi kufanele bakhethe u-304 wezakhiwo ezijwayelekile zangaphakathi, imishini yokudla, izingxenye zokuhlobisa, imigoqo yensimbi engagqwali ejwayelekile, amashidi namashubhu lapho ukugqwala kuphakathi nendawo futhi ukulawulwa kwezindleko kubalulekile. Khetha u-316 uma ukusetshenziswa kuhilela i-chloride, amanzi olwandle, izindawo ezisogwini, imidiya yamakhemikhali, ihadiwe yasolwandle, imishini yezokwelapha, izingxenye zikawoyela negesi noma izidingo ezinamandla zokumelana nokugqwala. Umehluko omkhulu wezobuchwepheshe ukuthi u-316 uqukethe i-molybdenum, ethuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwemigodi kanye nemifantu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziqukethe i-chloride.

Zombili i-304 ne-316 ziyizinsimbi ezingagqwali ze-austenitic ezisetshenziswa kabanzi emigoqweni, amashidi, amapuleti, amapayipi, amashubhu, ucingo, ama-flange kanye nokufakwa. Zinikeza ukwakheka okuhle, ukushibilika, ukuhlanzeka kanye nezinketho zokuqeda ubuso. Kodwa-ke, ukukhetha ibanga elingalungile kungaholela ezindlekweni ezingadingekile, ukugqwala ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukulethwa okulibazisekile noma ukwenqatshwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwephrojekthi.

Ngokuthenga kwezimboni, isinqumo esifanele kufanele sicabangele indawo yokugqwala, imfuneko yemishini, izinga lokushisa, indlela yokukhiqiza, ukuqeda indawo, imfuneko yesitifiketi, amazinga atholakalayo, ukulawulwa kwenombolo yokushisa, i-EN 10204 3.1 MTC, ukuhlolwa kwe-PMI, ukuhlolwa kwe-UT, ukuhlolwa komuntu wesithathu, ukupakisha kwamanye amazwe kanye nekhono lokulethwa.

Iyini insimbi engagqwali engu-304 kanye no-316?

Insimbi engagqwali engu-304 ingenye yezinsimbi ezingagqwali ze-chromium-nickel austenitic ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Ikhethwa kabanzi ngemishini yasekhishini, imishini yokucubungula ukudla, imihlobiso yezakhiwo, izingxenye zezimboni ezijwayelekile, amashidi ensimbi engagqwali, amashubhu kanye nemigoqo. Inikeza ukumelana okuhle nokugqwala ezindaweni ezivamile zomoya nezingcolisayo kancane.

Insimbi engagqwali engu-316 nayo iyinsimbi engagqwali e-austenitic, kodwa iqukethe i-molybdenum. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-chloride, ukugqwala okunezimbobo kanye nokugqwala kwe-crevice. Ngensizakalo yasolwandle, yamakhemikhali, yasogwini, yezemithi, yezokwelapha kanye neyezimboni ezidinga kakhulu, i-316 ivame ukuthandwa kune-304.

Isincomo Somthengi Osheshayo

Isimo Sokufaka Isicelo	Ibanga Elinconyiwe	Isizathu
Ukwenziwa okuvamile kwangaphakathi	304	Ukumelana okuhle nokugqwala kanye nezindleko eziphansi ezindaweni ezijwayelekile
Ukucubungula ukudla kanye nemishini yasekhishini	304 noma 316	I-304 ivamile; i-316 ingcono uma kukhona amakhemikhali okuhlanza i-chloride noma ingozi yokugqwala ephezulu
Indawo ezungezile ogwini noma olwandle	316	I-Molybdenum ithuthukisa ukumelana ne-chloride pitting kanye nokugqwala kwe-crevice
Imishini yokucubungula amakhemikhali	Ingxubevange engu-316 noma ngaphezulu	I-316 isebenza kangcono kune-304 ezinsizeni eziningi eziqukethe amakhemikhali ne-chloride
Izindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo eziphansi kakhulu	304	I-304 ivame ukunikeza ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko okungcono uma ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-316 kungadingeki

Ukuqhathaniswa Kokwakheka Kwamakhemikhali

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kuyimbangela ebaluleke kakhulu yomehluko wokusebenza phakathi kwensimbi engagqwali engu-304 nengu-316. Womabili la mazinga aqukethe i-chromium ne-nickel, kodwa angu-316 afaka i-molybdenum. Lokhu okuqukethwe yi-molybdenum kuyisici esiyinhloko esinikeza ukumelana okungcono okungu-316 ezindaweni ze-chloride kanye nezasolwandle.

Isici	304 Insimbi Engagqwali Ububanzi Obujwayelekile (%)	316 Insimbi Engagqwali Ububanzi Obujwayelekile (%)	Inothi Lokukhetha Izinto
I-Chromium (Cr)	18.0 – 20.0	16.0 – 18.0	Inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okungagqwali kanye nokumelana nokugqwala
I-Nickel (Ni)	8.0 – 10.5	10.0 – 14.0	Kuqinisa isakhiwo se-austenitic futhi kuthuthukisa ukuqina nokumelana nokugqwala
I-Molybdenum (Mo)	Akucaciswanga ngokuvamile	2.0 – 3.0	Isizathu esiyinhloko 316 sisebenza kangcono ezindaweni ze-chloride kanye nezasolwandle
Ikhabhoni (C)	Umkhawulo ongu-0.08	Umkhawulo ongu-0.08	Izinguqulo ezinekhabhoni ephansi ezingama-304L kanye nama-316L ziyathandwa ezakhiweni ezihlanganisiwe
I-Manganese (Mn)	Ubuningi obungu-2.00	Ubuningi obungu-2.00	Into elawulwayo yokwenza insimbi kanye nokuqina kwesakhiwo
I-Silicon (Si)	Umkhawulo ongu-1.00	Umkhawulo ongu-1.00	Isici esisele esilawulwayo esithinta ukusebenza kwe-oxidation kanye nokusebenza kokucubungula
I-Phosphorus/I-Sulphur	Amazinga aphansi alawulwayo	Amazinga aphansi alawulwayo	Kubalulekile ekuhlanzekeni, ekusebenzeni okushisayo, ekushiseni kanye nasekhwalithini yendawo

Izakhiwo Zomshini Zensimbi Engagqwali engu-304 vs 316

Izakhiwo zemishini zensimbi engagqwali engu-304 kanye ne-316 ziyafana ezinhlotsheni eziningi zomkhiqizo ojwayelekile. Ekuthengeni okungokoqobo, indawo yokugqwala kanye nezindleko kuvame ukuthonya isinqumo ngaphezu kwamandla. Kodwa-ke, abathengi kufanele basaqinisekisa amandla okudonseka, amandla okukhiqiza, ukunwebeka, ubulukhuni kanye nesimo somkhiqizo ku-MTC ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa.

Impahla	304 Insimbi Engagqwali	316 Insimbi Engagqwali	Inothi Lokuthenga
Amandla Okudonsa	Ngokuvamile cishe ubuncane obungu-515 MPa kuye ngokuthi kujwayelekile futhi kunjani	Ngokuvamile cishe ubuncane obungu-515 MPa kuye ngokuthi kujwayelekile futhi kunjani	Amanani angempela ancike kubha, ishidi, ipuleti, ithubhu, ipayipi kanye nesimo sokwelashwa kokushisa
Amandla Okukhiqiza	Ngokuvamile cishe i-205 MPa okungenani yemikhiqizo efakwe i-annealed	Ngokuvamile cishe i-205 MPa okungenani yemikhiqizo efakwe i-annealed	Ukusebenza ngokubandayo kungandisa amandla emikhiqizweni ethile yebha, i-strip kanye ne-wire
Ukwelulwa	Ukuguquguquka okuhle	Ukuguquguquka okuhle	Ifanele ukwakheka, ukugoba kanye nokwakhiwa esimweni esifakwe i-anneal
Ubulukhuni	Kuncike esimweni	Kuncike esimweni	Qinisekisa ubulukhuni lapho ukugaya, ukupholisha noma ukumelana nokuguguleka kubalulekile
Ukusebenza Kokushisa Okuphezulu	Ukumelana okuhle kwe-oxidation kwezinsizakalo eziningi ezijwayelekile	Ukumelana okuhle nokugqwala ezindaweni ezidinga kakhulu i-oxidation	Ukuze uthole umklamo wokushisa okuphezulu, qinisekisa izinga lokushisa lesevisi eliqondile kanye nezidingo zekhodi yokucindezela

Amazinga Asebenzayo kanye namaBanga Alinganayo

Insimbi engagqwali engu-304 kanye ne-316 ihlinzekwa ngaphansi kwezindinganiso ezahlukene ze-ASTM, ASME, EN, DIN, JIS kanye ne-GB kuye ngohlobo lomkhiqizo. Abathengi akufanele basho nje kuphela izinga, kodwa futhi baqinisekise ukuthi imfuneko ingeyebha yensimbi engagqwali, ishidi, ipuleti, ipayipi elingenamthungo, ithubhu elihlanganisiwe, i-flange, i-fitting noma i-wire.

Into	304 Insimbi Engagqwali	316 Insimbi Engagqwali	Ububanzi Bomkhiqizo Ovamile
I-UNS	I-S30400 / S30403 ye-304L	I-S31600 / S31603 ye-316L	Ukuhlonza izinto ezijwayelekile zomhlaba wonke
I-ASTM A276	Ibha engu-304 / 304L	Ibha engu-316 / 316L	Ibha eyindilinga yensimbi engagqwali, ibha yesikwele, ibha eyisicaba kanye nebha ye-hex
I-ASTM A240	Ishidi nepuleti elingu-304 / 304L	Ishidi nepuleti elingu-316 / 316L	Ishidi lensimbi engagqwali, ipuleti kanye nekhoyili yokucindezela nokusetshenziswa okuvamile
I-ASTM A312	Ipayipi le-TP304 / TP304L	Ipayipi le-TP316 / TP316L	Ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali elingenamthungo nelihlanganisiwe
I-ASTM A269 / A270	Ishubhu engu-304 / 304L	Ishubhu engu-316 / 316L	Ukufakwa kwezinsimbi, ukuhlanzeka, ukudla, imithi kanye namapayipi okucubungula
I-EN / DIN	1.4301 / 1.4307	1.4401 / 1.4404	Imidwebo yaseYurophu, imishini, amaphrojekthi ezimboni kanye nokwakha
I-JIS	I-SUS304 / SUS304L	I-SUS316 / SUS316L	Amaphrojekthi ajwayelekile aseJapan kanye nemininingwane yemakethe yase-Asia
GB	06Cr19Ni10 / 022Cr19Ni10	06Cr17Ni12Mo2 / 022Cr17Ni12Mo2	Imibhalo yokuhlinzekwa kwensimbi engagqwali kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe evela eShayina

Ukuhlolwa Kwekhwalithi Nokulandelela Izinto

Kumabha ensimbi engagqwali angu-304 no-316, amashidi namashubhu, ukulandeleka kwezinto kubalulekile. Inombolo yokushisa elebula lomkhiqizo, uhlu lokupakisha kanye ne-EN 10204 3.1 MTC kufanele ifane. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kumapayipi okucindezela, imishini yokudla, izingxenye zezokwelapha, izitshalo zamakhemikhali, ihadiwe yasolwandle kanye namaphrojekthi obunjiniyela bokuthumela ngaphandle.

Uhlu Lokuhlola Lwesitifiketi Nokuhlolwa

Ukuhlolwa / Into Yedokhumenti	Okufanele Uhlole	Kungani Kubalulekile
I-EN 10204 3.1 MTC	Ibanga, okujwayelekile, inombolo yokushisa, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, izakhiwo zemishini, usayizi kanye nesimo sokulethwa	Iqinisekisa ikhwalithi eqondene neqembu futhi isekela imibhalo yephrojekthi
Ukulawulwa Kwenombolo Yokushisa	Inombolo yokushisa ekumakisheni kwezinto, ilebula, uhlu lokupakisha kanye ne-MTC kumele ihambisane	Ivimbela amaqoqo axubile kanye nokulethwa kwezinto ezingalungile
Ukuhlolwa kwe-PMI	Qinisekisa okuqukethwe kwe-Cr, i-Ni kanye ne-Mo, ikakhulukazi ukuze uhlukanise u-304 no-316	Kubalulekile ekulawuleni izinto ezilwa nobuxoki kanye nokuqinisekisa ibanga
Ukuhlolwa kwe-UT	Kusetshenziswa kumabha, amapuleti kanye nemikhiqizo ebalulekile uma kudingeka ukuhluzeka kwangaphakathi	Kunciphisa ubungozi bokusebenza ngomshini, izingxenye zokucindezela kanye nezingxenye ezinokwethenjelwa okuphezulu
Ukuhlolwa Kobukhulu	Ububanzi, i-OD, ubukhulu bodonga, ubukhulu beshidi, ububanzi, ubude, ukuqondeka kanye nokubekezelelana	Iqinisekisa ukuthi izidingo zomshini wokugaya, wokufaka kanye nowokwenza ziyahlangatshezwa
Ukuhlolwa Komphezulu	Hlola imihuzuko, ukugoba, ikhwalithi yokupholisha, ikhwalithi yokukha amanzi, indawo yamapayipi kanye nendawo yepuleti	Kubalulekile ezingxenyeni zokuhlobisa, ezihlanzekile, ezisezingeni lokudla nezibonakalayo
Ukuhlolwa Kweqembu Lesithathu	Ukuhlolwa kwe-SGS, BV, TUV, Intertek noma okuqokwe ngamakhasimende ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa	Inikeza ukuzethemba okwengeziwe ngama-oda okuthumela kwamanye amazwe kanye namaphrojekthi obunjiniyela

Ukuqhathaniswa Nezinto Ezifana Nensimbi Engagqwali

Insimbi engagqwali engu-304 kanye ne-316 ivame ukuqhathaniswa ne-304L, 316L, 321, 310S, 2205 duplex kanye ne-904L. Ezindaweni ezihlanganisiwe, amazinga aphansi ekhabhoni njenge-304L kanye ne-316L avame ukuthandwa. Ukuze uthole isevisi yokushisa ephezulu, i-321 noma i-310S ingacatshangelwa. Ukuze uthole ukumelana okunamandla kokugqwala kwe-chloride, i-2205 duplex noma i-904L ingahlolwa.

Izinto	Ukumelana Nokugqwala	Amandla	Izinga Lezindleko	Isincomo Esisetshenziswa Kahle Kakhulu
304	Kuhle ezindaweni ezijwayelekile	Okuphakathi nendawo	Ngaphansi kuka-316	Imishini ejwayelekile, ukucubungula ukudla, ukuhlobisa, izakhiwo zangaphakathi kanye nokwenziwa okujwayelekile
316	Kungcono ezindaweni eziluhlaza okotshani, ezisogwini kanye namakhemikhali	Okuphakathi nendawo	Kungaphezu kuka-304	Imishini yasolwandle, imishini yamakhemikhali, izingxenye zezokwelapha kanye namaphrojekthi asogwini
304L	Kufana ne-304	Amandla aphansi kancane ahlobene nekhabhoni uma kuqhathaniswa ne-standard 304	Kufana ne-304	Izakhiwo ezihlanganisiwe ezidinga ukumelana okungcono nokuzwela
316L	Kufana ne-316 esebenza kahle kakhulu ngokushisela	Okuphakathi nendawo	Kuphakeme kune-304L	Imishini yamakhemikhali, yasolwandle, yezokwelapha neyemithi eshiselwe
I-Duplex engu-2205	Ukumelana okuphezulu kwe-chloride kune-304/316 ezinhlotsheni eziningi zokusebenza	Phezulu	Kuphezulu kune-304 futhi kuvame ukuncintisana nge-316 kuye ngemakethe	Imikhumbi yokucindezela, imishini yolwandle, ukucubungula amakhemikhali kanye nensizakalo ye-chloride
904L	Kuhle kakhulu ezindaweni eziningi ezinolaka ze-asidi ne-chloride	Okuphakathi nendawo	Okuphakeme	Isevisi yokugqwala okukhulu lapho i-316 inganele khona

Izicelo Zezimboni Zensimbi Engagqwali engu-304 kanye nengu-316

Zombili insimbi engagqwali engu-304 kanye ne-316 ziyatholakala njengemigoqo, amashidi, amapuleti, amapayipi angenamthungo, amashubhu ahlanganisiwe, ucingo, ama-flange kanye nokufakwa. Ibanga elifanele kufanele likhethwe ngokuya ngendawo yokusebenza yangempela, hhayi nje kuphela ngokwentengo. Emishinini yangaphakathi eyomile, i-304 ivame ukwanele. Ngokuchayeka emanzini, amakhemikhali noma i-chloride, i-316 iyindlela ephephile yokukhetha izinto.

Imboni / Isicelo	Izinto Ezinconyiwe	Imikhiqizo Evamile	Isizathu Sokukhetha
Ukucubungula Ukudla	304/316	Amashidi, amashubhu, amathangi, amathileyi, izinto zokufaka kanye nezingxenye zezempilo	I-304 isetshenziswa kabanzi; i-316 ingcono kakhulu ngamakhemikhali okuhlanza i-chloride noma isidingo esikhulu sokugqwala
Imishini Yasolwandle Neyasogwini	316 / 316L	Amabha, amapuleti, amabhawodi, amapayipi, izibambo zokuphatha kanye nezinto zokwenziwa zasolwandle	Ukumelana okungcono ne-chloride pitting kanye nokugqwala kogu
Ukucubungula Amakhemikhali	I-alloy engu-316 / 316L noma ngaphezulu	Amapayipi, amashubhu, ama-flange, izinto zokufaka, ama-valve namapuleti	I-316 ifaneleka kakhulu kune-304 kwezinhlobo eziningi zamakhemikhali ne-chloride
Ukwakhiwa Nokuhlobisa	304 yangaphakathi, 316 yangaphandle ogwini	Amashidi, amapuleti, amashubhu, amaphrofayili, izibambo zokuphatha kanye namaphaneli okuhlobisa	Ukukhetha ibanga elingabizi kakhulu ngokuya ngesimo sokuvezwa
Ezokwelapha kanye Nezemithi	316 / 316L	Amapayipi, amashidi, ucingo, amathileyi, izingxenye kanye nezingxenye zokunemba	Ukumelana nokugqwala okungcono kanye nokuhlanzeka ezindaweni ezidinga kakhulu
Imishini Ejwayelekile	304	Amabha, imiphini, amapuleti, amabhuleki, izivikelo zomshini kanye nozimele	Ukusebenza kahle kanye nezindleko eziphansi ezimweni ezijwayelekile zezimboni

Kungani Kufanele Ukhethe Insimbi Engagqwali engu-304 noma engu-316?

Izinto ezingcono kakhulu azihlali zibiza kakhulu. Ezindaweni eziningi zangaphakathi, ezomile noma ezibolile kancane, insimbi engagqwali engu-304 inikeza inani elihle kakhulu. Ngezicelo ze-chloride, zasolwandle, zasogwini, zamakhemikhali noma zezokwelapha, insimbi engagqwali engu-316 inganciphisa ingozi yokugqwala futhi ithuthukise impilo yesevisi. Ukukhetha okulungile kuncike ebhalansini phakathi kokumelana nokugqwala, ukusebenza kwemishini, isidingo sobuso kanye nesabelomali.

Ukugqwala, Amandla kanye Nokuqhathaniswa Kwezindleko

Isici Sokukhetha	304 Insimbi Engagqwali	316 Insimbi Engagqwali	Isinqumo Somthengi
Ukumelana Nokugqwala	Kuhle kakhulu endaweni evamile, imishini yokudla kanye nesevisi yangaphakathi	Kungcono ezindaweni ezizungezile i-chloride, ulwandle, ugu kanye namakhemikhali	Khetha u-316 uma ingozi yokugqwala iphezulu
Amandla Okusebenza	Kufana ne-316 ezimweni eziningi ezifakwe emanzini abandayo	Kufana ne-304 ezimweni eziningi ezifakwe emanzini abandayo	Ungakhethi i-316 kuphela ngenxa yamandla aphezulu; khetha ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala
Izindleko	Ngokuvamile kuphansi	Ngokuvamile kuphezulu ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-Ni ne-Mo	Khetha u-304 uma indawo ingadingi ukusebenza kwe-316
Ukushibilika	Kuhle; 304L iyathandwa kakhulu ekushiseni okunzima	Kuhle; 316L iyathandwa kakhulu ekushiseni okunzima	Sebenzisa amamaki e-L aphansi uma ukumelana nokugqwala okuhlanganisiwe kubalulekile
Ukuqedwa Komphezulu	Kuhle kakhulu ekuqedeni okupholishiwe, okubhulashiwe kanye nokuhlobisa	Kuhle kakhulu ekuqedeni okupholishiwe, okubhulashiwe kanye nokuhlanzeka	Qinisekisa i-2B, i-BA, i-No.4, i-HL, isibuko noma isiqediwe ngaphambi koku-oda

Amaphutha Avamile Omthengi

Iphutha elivamile ukukhetha u-304 ngoba nje kushibhile, noma ngabe ingxenye izosetshenziswa eduze kwamanzi olwandle noma amakhemikhali e-chloride. Elinye iphutha ukukhetha u-316 kuyo yonke iphrojekthi, noma ngabe u-304 usevele ufanelekile. Abathengi kufanele futhi bagweme ukwamukela izinto ezingenayo i-MTC, izinombolo zokushisa ezixubile, izinkomba ezijwayelekile ezingacacile noma ukungaphumeleli kokuhlolwa kwe-PMI lapho ukuqinisekiswa kwebanga kubalulekile.

Ukuqeda Okungaphezulu, Ukucubungula Nokuthumela Ngaphandle Ukupakisha

Insimbi engagqwali engu-304 kanye no-316 ingahlinzekwa ngeziphetho ezahlukene zobuso ngokuya ngesicelo. Iziphetho ezivamile zeshidi kanye nepuleti zifaka phakathi i-2B, i-BA, i-No.1, i-No.4, i-hairline, i-brushed, i-mirror, i-polished kanye ne-PVC-coated surface. Izibha zingahlinzekwa njengomnyama, okhanyayo, ohlutshiwe, oqoshiwe, opholishiwe noma ongenawo umbindi. Amashubhu angahlinzekwa njengobuso obufakwe ukhilimu, obupholishiwe, obuhlanzekile, obu-BA noma obuyi-EP kuye ngesidingo sephrojekthi.

Ukuze kuthunyelwe kwamanye amazwe, imigoqo yensimbi engagqwali ivame ukuboshwa futhi ivikelwe ngezinto ezingangeni manzi. Amashidi namapuleti angapakishwa kuma-pallet enkuni anefilimu evikelayo. Amapayipi namapayipi angadinga izivalo zokugcina, ukugoqwa kwepulasitiki, amakesi enkuni noma ukupakishwa okuhlanganisiwe. Amalebula acacile kufanele abonise ibanga, usayizi, inombolo yokushisa, ubuningi kanye nolwazi lwendawo ukuze kusekelwe ukwamukelwa kwempahla yokugcina impahla kanye nemibhalo yentela.

Imikhiqizo Yensimbi Engagqwali Ehlobene

I-SAKY STEEL inikeza insimbi engagqwali engu-304 kanye ne-316 ngezindlela ezahlukene zomkhiqizo kubathengi bezimboni. Izixhumanisi zomkhiqizo zingasiza abathengi ukuthi baqinisekise ngokushesha ukuthi badinga imigoqo, amashidi, amashubhu, amapayipi, ucingo, ama-flange noma izinto zokufakelwa zephrojekthi yabo.

Umkhiqizo	Amabanga Ajwayelekile	Ukusetshenziswa Okuvamile
Ibha Yensimbi Engagqwali	304, 304L, 316, 316L, 321, 310S, 2205	Amashafu, izikhonkwane, izingxenye zomshini, izingxenye zamavalvu kanye nezingxenye zomshini
Ishidi Lensimbi Engagqwali	304, 304L, 316, 316L, 430, 201	Imishini yokudla, imihlobiso, amaphaneli, izembozo zomshini kanye nokukhiqiza
Ipayipi Nepayipi Lensimbi Engagqwali	304, 304L, 316, 316L, 321, 904L, duplex	Izinhlelo zamapayipi, amapayipi okuhlanzeka, ama-heat exchanger, amapayipi okwakha kanye nemigqa yenqubo
Intambo Yensimbi Engagqwali	304, 304L, 316, 316L, 310S, 904L	Iziphethu, i-mesh, intambo yocingo, ukushisela, ukuluka kanye nemikhiqizo yocingo lwezimboni
Ama-Flanges Nezinto Zokufaka Zensimbi Engagqwali	Amazinga angu-304, 304L, 316, 316L, duplex kanye ne-nickel alloy	Ukuxhumeka kwamapayipi, izinhlelo zokucindezela, uwoyela negesi, amaphrojekthi okwelapha amakhemikhali namanzi

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-304 vs 316 Insimbi Engagqwali

1. Yikuphi okungcono, insimbi engagqwali engu-304 noma engu-316?

I-316 ingcono ezindaweni ze-chloride, zasolwandle, zasogwini kanye nezamakhemikhali ngoba iqukethe i-molybdenum. I-304 ingcono uma indawo ijwayelekile, ingaphakathi noma ingcolisa kancane futhi umthengi efuna ukulawulwa kwezindleko okungcono. Izinga elingcono lincike ekusetshenzisweni, hhayi kuphela igama lezinto.

2. Ingabe insimbi engagqwali engu-316 inamandla kune-304?

Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zemikhiqizo efakwe emanzini, i-304 ne-316 zinamandla afanayo okusebenza. Inzuzo eyinhloko ye-316 akuwona amandla aphezulu, kodwa ukumelana nokugqwala okungcono ezindaweni ezine-chloride kanye nezimo ezinolaka kakhulu.

3. Kungani insimbi engagqwali engu-316 ibiza kakhulu kune-304?

I-316 ivame ukubiza kakhulu ngoba iqukethe i-nickel eningi futhi ifaka i-molybdenum. Lezi zinto zokuhlanganisa zithuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kodwa futhi zandisa izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa. Uma ukusetshenziswa kungadingi ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-316, i-304 ingase ibe engabizi kakhulu.

4. Ingabe kufanele ngisebenzise u-304 noma u-316 ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphandle?

Ezindaweni ezivamile zangaphandle, i-304 ingamukeleka. Ngokuchayeka ogwini, olwandle, usawoti wokususa i-icing noma amakhemikhali, i-316 ivame ukunconywa ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala okungcono kwe-chloride. Ukuphela nokugcinwa kwendawo nakho kuthinta ukubukeka kwesikhathi eside.

5. Ingabe izingxenye ezihlanganisiwe kufanele zisebenzise i-304L noma i-316L esikhundleni se-304 noma i-316?

Kwizakhiwo ezihlanganisiwe, ama-304L nama-316L avame ukuthandwa ngoba okuqukethwe kwawo okuphansi kwekhabhoni kusiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yokuzwela ngemva kokushisela. Uma umkhiqizo uzoshiselwa kakhulu noma usetshenziswe ekuhlinzekeni ukugqwala ngemva kokushisela, abathengi kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi izinga le-L liyadingeka yini.

6. Abathengi bangaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi impahla ingu-304 noma u-316?

Abathengi kufanele bahlole i-EN 10204 3.1 MTC, inombolo yokushisa, ukumakwa komkhiqizo kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali. Ukuhlolwa kwe-PMI kuwusizo kakhulu ngoba kungaqinisekisa okuqukethwe kwe-chromium, i-nickel kanye ne-molybdenum. Ukuba khona kwe-molybdenum kusiza ukuhlukanisa u-316 no-304.

7. Yiluphi ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze uthole ikhotheshini esheshayo?

Umbuzo ophelele kufanele ufake ibanga, izinga elijwayelekile, uhlobo lomkhiqizo, usayizi, ubuningi, ukuqeda ubuso, ukubekezelelana, isidingo sesitifiketi, isidingo sokuhlola, imbobo yokuya kanye nesidingo sokupakisha. Isibonelo: Ibha eyindilinga yensimbi engagqwali ye-ASTM A276 316L, ububanzi obungu-30 mm, ubude obungu-3000 mm, ubuso obukhanyayo, i-EN 10204 3.1 MTC iyadingeka.

Isiphetho

Ukukhetha phakathi kwensimbi engagqwali engu-304 nengu-316 kufanele kusekelwe endaweni yokugqwala, isimo sesicelo, uhlobo lomkhiqizo, ukuqeda ubuso, isidingo sokushisela, isidingo sesitifiketi kanye nesabelomali. Insimbi engagqwali engu-304 iyisinqumo esingabizi kakhulu semishini ejwayelekile, ukucubungula ukudla, izakhiwo zangaphakathi, ukuhlobisa kanye nezicelo ezivamile zezimboni. Insimbi engagqwali engu-316 iyisinqumo esingcono sezindawo zasolwandle, zasogwini, zamakhemikhali, zezokwelapha kanye nezindawo eziqukethe i-chloride.

Kumabha, amashidi namashubhu, abathengi kufanele baqinisekise izinga elifanele le-ASTM noma le-EN, izinga elilinganayo, inombolo yokushisa, i-EN 10204 3.1 MTC, ukuhlolwa kwe-PMI, ukuhlolwa kobukhulu kanye nokupakishwa kokuthumela ngaphandle ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Umhlinzeki wensimbi engagqwali ochwepheshe kufanele asize abathengi baqhathanise izinto, bagweme ukunikezwa kwebanga elingalungile futhi bakhethe izinga elilinganisela ukumelana nokugqwala, ukusebenza kwemishini kanye nezindleko.