Izidingo Zesitifiketi se-ABS, LR, DNV, kanye ne-BV samapuleti ensimbi e-AH36/DH36/EH36

Ekwakhiweni kwemikhumbi emhlabeni jikelele kanye nobunjiniyela basogwini lolwandle, amapuleti ensimbi e-AH36, DH36, kanye ne-EH36 amelela ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezisetshenziswa ekwakheni imikhumbi, izakhiwo ezisindayo, kanye nezindawo zasolwandle ezidinga kakhulu. Njengoba imboni yasolwandle ithuthuka iye emikhunjini emikhulu, ukufakwa okujulile kolwandle, kanye nezidingo zokuphepha eziqinile, insimbi esetshenziswa kulezi zakhiwo kumele ingagcini nje ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke kodwa futhi nemithetho yesitifiketi yezinhlangano ezinkulu zokuhlela. Phakathi kwazo,I-ABS, i-LR, i-DNV, kanye ne-BVyizona ezinethonya kakhulu futhi ezamukelwa kabanzi emhlabeni wokwakha imikhumbi.

Ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zale miphakathi kuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwesakhiwo, ukuqina kwesikhathi eside, kanye nokwamukelwa kokusebenza komhlaba wonke kwemikhumbi kanye namayunithi asogwini lolwandle. Izakhiwo zemikhumbi emhlabeni wonke zithembele ensimbini eqinisekisiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhumbi ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuthobela kusukela esigabeni sezinto zokusetshenziswa kuze kube sekuhlanganisweni kokugcina. Abaphakeli abaphambili abafana noi-sakysteelukuhlinzeka ngezinto ezihambisana nemithetho enzima ye-ABS, LR, DNV, kanye ne-BV, okuvumela izindawo zokukhiqiza imikhumbi ukuthi zisebenze ngokuzethemba nangokucophelela.

Lesi sihloko sinikeza umbono ophelele wezimfuneko zesitifiketi samapuleti ensimbi e-AH36, DH36, kanye ne-EH36, sihlola imikhawulo yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, izakhiwo zemishini, izindlela zokuqina, izilawuli zobukhulu, kanye nezinqubo zokuvunyelwa kwefektri kuzo zonke izinhlangano ezine ezinkulu zokuhlela.

Ukuqonda Indima Yezinhlangano Zokuhlukaniswa

Izinhlangano zokuhlela zisungula imithetho yokuphepha, ziqondise izinqubo zokuhlola, futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi imikhumbi namapulatifomu asogwini lolwandle akhiwe ngokwezindinganiso zobunjiniyela eziqashelwayo. Ngezinsimbi zesakhiwo ezifana ne-AH36, DH36, kanye ne-EH36, lezi zinhlangano zichaza izidingo eziqondile zemishini, izimo zokwelapha ukushisa, kanye nezinqubo zokuhlola.

Imiphakathi emine okukhulunywe ngayo kulesi sihloko ihlanganisa:

  • I-ABSIhhovisi Lokuthumela LaseMelika

  • LRIrejista kaLloyd

  • I-DNVI-Det Norske Veritas

  • BVI-Bureau Veritas

Ukuthobela lezi zinhlangano kwenza amapuleti ensimbi asetshenziswe kumaphrojekthi omhlaba wonke olwandle, okuqinisekisa ukuqashelwa emhlabeni wonke kuzo zonke izindawo zokudoba imikhumbi, osonkontileka basolwandle, kanye neziphathimandla ezilawulayo.

Ukubuka konke kwamaBanga ensimbi e-AH36, DH36, kanye ne-EH36

I-AH36, i-DH36, kanye ne-EH36 yizinsimbi zokwakha imikhumbi ezinamandla aphezulu ezichazwa amazinga ahlukene okuqina:

  • I-AH36Umthelela wamandla ojwayelekile ku-0°C

  • I-DH36Ukuqina okuphezulu, kuhlolwe ku--20°C

  • I-EH36Amazinga okuqina aphezulu ngisho nakakhulu, ahlolwe ku--40°C

Lezi zigaba zinikeza ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwesakhiwo, ukushintshwa, kanye nokumelana nokukhathala kwezakhiwo ze-shell, ama-deck, ama-crane, kanye namamojula asogwini.

Izinhlangano zokuhlukanisa zibukeza lezi zinto hhayi nje kuphela ngokwezinga kodwa futhi nangokwakheka kwamakhemikhali okunembile, ukuziphatha kwemishini, kanye nezindlela zokukhiqiza.

Izidingo Zesitifiketi se-ABS zamapuleti ensimbi e-AH36/DH36/EH36

I-ABS ingenye yezinhlangano zokuhlukanisa ezaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni, ezinokulawula okuqinile phezu kwezinsimbi zokwakha imikhumbi.

1. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali

I-ABS ichaza imikhawulo eqinile yalokhu:

  • Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ukuze kube lula ukushibilika

  • I-Manganese ne-silicon ukuze kube namandla

  • I-sulfur ne-phosphorus ukunciphisa ukuqhekeka

  • Izinto ezincane zokuxuba ukuze kuhlanjululwe okusanhlamvu

Abakhiqizi kumele bahlinzeke ngokuhlaziywa okugcwele kwe-ladle futhi baqinisekise ukuhambisana nemithetho ye-ABS.

2. Izakhiwo Zemishini

I-ABS idinga amanani aphansi kakhulu ku:

  • Amandla okukhiqiza

  • Amandla okudonsa

  • Ukwelulwa

Amabanga e-DH36 kanye ne-EH36 kumele ahlangabezane nezidingo eziphakeme ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesakhiwo okuphezulu ezindaweni zasolwandle ezinokushisa okuphansi.

3. Ukuhlolwa Kokuqina Komthelela

I-ABS iyalela ukuhlolwa kwe-Charpy V-Notch kwalokhu:

  • I-AH36 ku-0°C

  • DH36 ku--20°C

  • I-EH36 ku--40°C

Inani lamasampula okuhlolwa kanye nezindlela zokwamukelwa zichazwe ngokucacile.

4. Ukwelashwa Kokushisa kanye Nesimo Sokulethwa

I-ABS ingadinga ukuthi izinsimbi zibe:

  • Njengoba kugoqwe

  • Igoqwe ngokulawula

  • Okujwayelekile

  • Kucutshungulwe ngokulawulwa kwe-thermo-mechanically (TMCP)

Izinsimbi ze-TMCP ziyathandwa ngenxa yamandla aphezulu kanye nemiklamo yepuleti elincane.

5. Ukuvunyelwa kweMill

I-ABS idinga ukuthi izigayo zensimbi zivunyelwe futhi zihlolwe ngokusemthethweni. Izigayo eziningi eziqashelwa emhlabeni wonke ezihlinzeka ngezinkampani ezifana ne-sakysteel zigcina isitifiketi se-ABS esibuyekeziwe.

Izidingo Zesitifiketi se-LR Zamapuleti Ensimbi e-AH36/DH36/EH36

Irejista kaLloyd (LR) isebenza ngezimfuneko ezifanayo kodwa ezichazwe ngokuzimela.

1. Izilawuli Zokwakheka

I-LR idinga ukulawulwa kwamakhemikhali okuqinile okunemikhawulo efana ne-ABS kodwa ifaka isiqondiso esengeziwe mayelana nokuhlanganiswa okuncane kanye nezinto ezisele.

2. Amandla Okuqina Nokugoba

Amathebula ezakhiwo zemishini ze-LR achaza izilinganiso zokusebenza ezicacile:

  • Isivuno esincane se-AH36 singama-355 MPa

  • Ukuqina nokusebenza kwe-DH36 kanye ne-EH36 kukhuphuka kancane kancane

I-LR iqinisekisa ukusebenza okufanayo phakathi kobukhulu bepuleti.

3. Ukuqina Kwe-Charpy Impact

I-LR ichaza:

  • I-AH36 ku-0°C

  • DH36 ku--20°C

  • I-EH36 ku--40°C

I-LR isebenzisa izidingo zayo zamandla, ngokuvamile iphakeme kancane kumapuleti ajiyile.

4. Ukubekezelelana Okunezilinganiso Nokuthena

I-LR isebenzisa imithetho eqinile yokunemba kobukhulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kokukhiqiza okubikezelwayo.

5. Isitifiketi Nokumaka

I-LR idinga ukuthi amapuleti amakwe kanje:

  • Igama le-Mill

  • Inombolo yokushisa

  • Ibanga (AH36, DH36, EH36)

  • Ubukhulu nobukhulu

  • Isitembu sokugunyazwa kwe-LR

Izidingo Zesitifiketi se-DNV zamapuleti ensimbi e-AH36/DH36/EH36

I-DNV idlala indima enkulu ekwakhiweni kwemikhumbi kanye namaphrojekthi wamandla angaphandle kolwandle.

1. Ukuqinisekiswa Kokwakheka Kwamakhemikhali

I-DNV iqinisekisa ukwakheka ngokusebenzisa:

  • Ukuhlaziywa kokushisa

  • Ukuhlaziywa komkhiqizo

  • Imikhawulo yokulingana kwekhabhoni ukuqinisekisa ukushibilika

2. Izidingo Zempahla Yemishini

Imiyalelo ye-DNV:

  • Ukuvumelana kwamandla okukhiqiza

  • Amandla okuqina ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile

  • Ukwandiswa okuncane kokuguquguquka

Kudingeka ukufana okuphezulu kumapuleti anobukhulu obuthile.

3. Izindlela Zokuqina Ezithuthukisiwe

Izidingo zokuqina komthelela we-DNV zaziwa kakhulu ngokuba nzima:

  • I-AH36 ku-0°C

  • DH36 ku--20°C

  • I-EH36 ku--40°C

Ezindaweni ezikude nolwandle, i-DNV ingadinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

4. Ukuhlolwa Okwengeziwe Kwemisebenzi Yasogwini Lolwandle

Kumapulatifomu namamojula angaphansi kolwandle, i-DNV ingagunyaza:

  • Ukuhlolwa kokwehlisa isisindo

  • Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic

  • Ukuhlolwa kwesiqondiso se-Z

Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwepuleti ngaphansi kokukhathala nokulayisha okuguquguqukayo.

5. Ukulawulwa Kwenqubo Yokukhiqiza

I-DNV iqapha izinqubo ze-TMCP, ukwenziwa kwesimo sibe ngokwejwayelekile, kanye nokugoqa ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesakhiwo esincane.

Izidingo Zesitifiketi se-BV Zamapuleti Ensimbi e-AH36/DH36/EH36

I-Bureau Veritas (BV) inikeza isitifiketi esamukelwa kabanzi ezimakethe zaseYurophu nakwamanye amazwe.

1. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali kanye Nokulawulwa Kwe-Alloy

I-BV idinga amazinga alawulwayo alandelayo:

  • Ikhabhoni

  • I-Manganese

  • I-Silicon

  • I-sulfur, i-phosphorus

  • Izinto ze-aluminium kanye ne-micro-alloy

2. Izindinganiso Zezakhiwo Zemishini

I-BV ichaza amandla okukhiqiza kanye nokudonsa okuhambisana ne-ASTM A131 kanye nemithetho yasolwandle.

Izidingo zemishini ziyanda ngokujiya, ibanga, kanye nohlobo lokugoqa.

3. Ukuqina kanye nokuhlolwa komthelela

I-BV idinga:

  • I-AH36 ku-0°C

  • DH36 ku--20°C

  • I-EH36 ku--40°C

Izidingo zomthelela kumele zihlangatshezwe kumasampula amathathu ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana.

4. Ukuvunyelwa Nokuhlolwa Kokukhiqiza

I-BV ivuma imishini yokugaya insimbi ngokusebenzisa:

  • Ukuhlolwa kwefektri

  • Ukuhlolwa kokulawulwa kwenqubo

  • Ukuhlolwa kwemishini

  • Ukubuyekezwa kwezinhlelo zokuphatha ikhwalithi

5. Isitifiketi Nokulawulwa Kwemibhalo

I-BV ifuna isitifiketi se-EN 10204 3.2 noma 3.1 kuye ngezinga lokuhlukaniswa kwephrojekthi.

Izidingo Ezengeziwe Ezivamile Kuzo Zonke Izinhlangano Ezine

1. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic

Kuye ngobukhulu bepuleti kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo:

  • Izinga A

  • Izinga B

  • Izinga C

kungadingeka ukuze kutholakale amaphutha angaphakathi.

2. Ukuhlolwa Kwekhwalithi Yomphezulu

Amapuleti kumele angabi nalokhu:

  • Ama-Lamination

  • Imifantu

  • Isikali sokugqwala

  • Umonakalo wemishini

3. Ukunemba Okulinganayo

Zonke izinhlangano ziphoqelela imithetho eqinile:

  • Ukubekezelela ukujiya

  • Ukubekezelelana kobubanzi nobude

  • Ukubekezelelana kokuthamba

4. Ukulandelelwa kanye Nokushicilelwa Kwemibhalo

Ipuleti ngalinye kumele libe nezinto ezilandelekayo:

  • Izinombolo zokushisa

  • Izitifiketi zezinto ezibonakalayo

  • Imibiko yokuhlolwa

  • Amarekhodi okugingqa

Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nomthetho kusukela ekwenzeni insimbi kuya ekusetshenzisweni kokugcina.

Izicelo zamapuleti ensimbi eqinisekisiwe ye-AH36/DH36/EH36

Amapuleti aqinile aqinisekisiwe asetshenziswa ku:

  1. Izakhiwo ze-Hull

  2. Amadekhi emithwalo

  3. Izithwali ezinkulu, amathangi, imikhumbi yeziqukathi

  4. Amapulatifomu ase-offshore

  5. Amayunithi e-Jack-up

  6. Izinhlelo zokukhiqiza ezintantayo

  7. Imikhumbi ye-Arctic neye-ice-class

  8. Amakhreni olwandle kanye nezakhiwo zokuphakamisa

Isitifiketi siqinisekisa ukuphepha kwesikhathi eside kanye nokuthembeka ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu zasogwini lolwandle.

Kungani Isitifiketi Sibalulekile Kwabakhi Bemikhumbi Nonjiniyela Basemanzini

  1. Ukuthobela Imithetho
    Isitifiketi siyimpoqo ukuze kuvunyelwe ifulegi.

  2. Ubuqotho Besakhiwo
    Iqinisekisa ukuthi insimbi iyahlangabezana nokulindelwe kokusebenza ngaphansi komthwalo.

  3. Ukushibilika kanye Nokuthembeka Kokwenza
    Izinsimbi eziqinisekisiwe ziqinisekisa ukuziphatha okuzinzile kokushisela.

  4. Ukwamukelwa Komhlaba Wonke
    Imikhumbi eyakhiwe ngensimbi eqinisekisiwe ingasebenza emhlabeni jikelele.

  5. Ingozi Yephrojekthi Encishisiwe
    Amathuba amancane okwehluleka kwesakhiwo noma ukulungiswa okungalindelekile.

Abahlinzeki abanjengo-sakysteel basekela izindawo zokubeka imikhumbi ezinesitifiketi esiqhubekayo, ukulethwa kwamadokhumenti okusheshayo, kanye nokuhambisana nokuhlolwa okuthembekile.

Isiphetho

Izidingo zesitifiketi se-ABS, LR, DNV, kanye ne-BV zamapuleti ensimbi e-AH36, DH36, kanye ne-EH36 zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni amandla esakhiwo, ukuphepha, kanye nokuthembeka kokusebenza kwesikhathi eside ezindaweni zasolwandle kanye nasogwini lolwandle. Umphakathi ngamunye ugcina imithetho eqinile ehlanganisa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, ukusebenza kwemishini, ukuqina, izindlela zokuhlola, kanye nokuvunyelwa kokukhiqiza. Ukuthobela imithetho akuyona into ongayikhetha; kuyisisekelo sokwakha imikhumbi ephephile.

Njengoba imboni yasolwandle yomhlaba wonke iqhubeka nokukhula ngobunzima nangobukhulu, izinto eziqinisekisiwe ezinokwethenjelwa ezivela kubahlinzeki abathembekile zihlala ziwumgogodla wamaphrojekthi okwakha imikhumbi aphumelelayo emhlabeni wonke. Ngezinhlelo eziqinile zekhwalithi kanye nokuphathwa kwezitifiketi okuthembekile, abakhiqizi abanjengo-sakysteel banikeza izindawo zemikhumbi ukuzethemba okudingekayo ukuze bahlangabezane nemithetho yokuphepha yamazwe ngamazwe futhi bahambise imikhumbi ekwazi ukubekezelela izimo zokusebenza ezinzima kakhulu.

Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-14-2025