Dab tsi yog cov hlau tsis yog hlau nplaum uas feem ntau siv?

Thaum peb xav txog cov hlau, feem ntau cov neeg tam sim ntawd xav txog lawv nrog magnetism. Tom qab tag nrho, cov ntaub ntawv xws li hlau, cobalt, thiab nickel yog paub zoo rau lawv cov khoom magnetic muaj zog. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua cov hlau yog magnetic - qhov tseeb, ntau cov hlau siv dav dav tsis teb rau magnets txhua. Cov nocov hlau uas tsis yog hlau nplaumua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam uas muaj kev cuam tshuam sib nqus, kev tiv thaiv corrosion, thiab hluav taws xob neutrality tseem ceeb.

Yog li, cov hlau uas tsis yog hlau nplaum feem ntau yog dab tsi? Cov lus teb yogCov hlau tsis xeb austenitic (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog SS 304)thiabtxhuas— ob qho tib si siv dav thoob plaws hauv kev lag luam rau lawv cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb nrhiav seb cov hlau twg tsis yog hlau nplaum, vim li cas lawv thiaj ua li no, thiab qhov twg lawv feem ntau siv.

Ua ib lub tuam txhab muag khoom thoob ntiaj teb,SAKYSTEELmuab ntau yam hlau tsis xeb thiab cov hlau tsis sib nqus uas sib xyaw ua ke lub zog, kev tiv thaiv corrosion, thiab kev ruaj khov rau cov ntawv thov kev lag luam siab heev.

1. Nkag Siab Txog Magnetism Hauv Cov Hlau

Cov khoom sib nqus ntawm cov hlau nyob ntawm nwscov qauv atomic— tshwj xeeb, seb nws cov electrons puas tuaj yeem sib phim los tsim cov magnetic domains.

• Cov Hlau Sib Nqus:Hlau, cobalt, thiab nickel - lawv cov qauv atomic tso cai rau cov electrons unpaired kom sib phim yooj yim, tsim kom muaj zog magnetic attraction.

• Cov Hlau Uas Tsis Yog Hlau Sib Nqus:Txhuas, tooj liab, tooj dag, txhuas, kub, nyiaj, thiab austenitic stainless hlau - lawv cov qauv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv kev sib phim, ua rau muaj kev coj cwj pwm sib nqus me ntsis lossis tsis muaj.

Hauv cov lus yooj yim,cov hlau uas tsis yog hlau nplaum tsis lo rau cov hlau nplaumvim lawv cov qauv atomic sab hauv tsis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev tsim ntawm lub zog sib nqus.

2. Cov Hlau Tsis Muaj Hlau Sib Nqus Feem Ntau: Txhuas

Txhuas (Al)yog cov hlau uas tsis yog hlau nplaum uas siv ntau tshaj plaws thiab siv dav hauv ntiaj teb.

Vim li cas Aluminium tsis yog Magnetic

Cov qauv atomic ntawm txhuas tsis muaj cov electrons uas tsis muaj khub nyob rau hauv nws lub plhaub sab nraud, uas txhais tau tias nws tsis tuaj yeem tsim nws tus kheej lub zog sib nqus. Txawm tias thaum muab tso ze ntawm lub hlau nplaum, txhuas tsis qhia txog kev rub lossis kev thawb pom tseeb.

Cov Khoom Tseem Ceeb ntawm Aluminium

• Tsis yog hlau nplaum thiab tsis yog hluav taws xob:Muaj kev nyab xeeb siv ze ntawm cov khoom siv rhiab heev lossis cov chaw tawg.

• Sib dua:Kwv yees li ib feem peb ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov hlau, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau kev tsav dav hlau thiab kev thauj mus los.

• Tiv taus kev xeb:Tsim ib txheej oxide ntuj uas tiv thaiv xeb.

• Muaj kev coj ua zoo heev:Zoo heev rau kev siv hluav taws xob thiab thermal.

Cov ntawv thov ntawm txhuas

• Cov khoom siv aerospace thiab aviation

• Cov khoom siv hauv tsheb thiab cov khoom siv hauv dej hiav txwv

• Cov xov hluav taws xob thiab cov kab xa hluav taws xob

• Cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab cov kaus poom

• Cov vaj huam sib luag ntawm cov qauv vaj tse thiab cov thav duab qhov rai

Vim nws ua ke ntawm lub teeb yuag, corrosion tsis kam, thiab cov khoom tsis yog magnetic,txhuas yog lub ntiaj teb feem ntau siv hlau tsis yog hlau nplaum.

3. Cov Hlau Tsis Muaj Hlau Austenitic - Cov Hlau Tsis Muaj Hlau Sib Nqus Feem Ntau

Thaum txhuas ua tus thawj coj ntawm cov hlau feem ntau,cov hlau tsis xeb austeniticyog cov feem ntaucov khoom siv hlau uas tsis yog hlau nplaumsiv rau hauv kev lag luam thiab kev tsim kho vaj tse.

Vim li cas Austenitic Stainless Steels tsis yog Non-Magnetic

Cov hlau no muaj ib qholub ntsej muag-centered cubic (FCC)cov qauv siv lead ua kom ruaj khov los ntawm nickel. Cov qauv no tiv thaiv kev sib phim ntawm cov chaw sib nqus, ua rau lawv tsis sib nqus hauv lawv lub xeev annealed.

Cov Qib Ib Txwm Muaj

• SS 304 (18-8 Stainless Steel):18% chromium, 8% nickel — tiv taus xeb zoo heev, huv si, thiab tsis muaj hlau nplaum.

• SS 316:Muaj molybdenum rau kev tiv thaiv zoo dua rau cov chlorides thiab cov chaw nyob hauv dej hiav txwv.

• SS 321 & SS 310:Cov qib ruaj khov thiab kub siab, kuj tsis yog hlau nplaum.

• SS904L:Ib qho super austenitic alloy uas tseem tsis muaj hlau nplaum txawm tias tom qab ua haujlwm txias.

Cov ntawv thov

• Cov tshuab ua zaub mov thiab dej haus

• Cov khoom siv kho mob thiab cov khoom siv kuaj mob

• Cov qauv dej hiav txwv thiab ntug dej hiav txwv

• Cov nroj tsuag tshuaj lom neeg thiab tshuaj

• Kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm vaj tse

Yog li ntawd, thaum hais txog cov khoom siv hlau,SS304 stainless hlauyog suav hais tiascov hlau tsis muaj hlau nplaum feem ntausiv thoob ntiaj teb.

4. Lwm Cov Hlau Uas Tsis Yog Hlau Sib Nqus

Dhau li ntawm txhuas thiab austenitic stainless hlau, ntau lwm yam hlau kuj muaj cov khoom tsis yog hlau nplaum:

A. Tooj Liab (Cu)

• Kev ua hluav taws xob zoo heev thiab thermal conductivity.

• Feem ntau siv rau hauv kev txuas hluav taws xob, cov cav, thiab cov kav dej.

• Tsis yog hlau nplaum, tiv taus xeb, thiab rov ua dua tshiab.

B. Tooj Liab (Cu-Zn Alloy)

• Cov hlau sib xyaw ua ke ntawm tooj liab thiab zinc; tiv taus corrosion heev.

• Siv rau hauv cov khoom siv, cov li qub, cov twj paj nruag, thiab cov khoom siv hauv marine.

• Tsis yog hlau nplaum thiab yooj yim siv tau.

C. Tooj Liab (Cu-Sn Alloy)

• Ib qho hlau nplaum uas ruaj khov thiab tsis sib nqus ntawm tooj liab thiab tin.

• Feem ntau siv rau hauv cov bearings, bushings, thiab sculptures.

D. Titanium (Ti)

• Muaj zog, sib dua, thiab tsis yog hlau nplaum.

• Siv rau hauv aerospace, kev cog hniav kho mob, thiab cov ntawv thov kev lag luam siab heev.

E. Cov hlau txhuas (Pb)

• Ntom thiab tsis sib nqus; siv rau hauv kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thiab roj teeb.

F. Zinc, Kub, thiab Nyiaj

• Cov hlau muaj nqis thiab cov hlau puag uas muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo heev thiab tsis muaj cov khoom sib nqus.

5. Yuav Ua Li Cas Sim Seb Hlau Tsis Yog Hlau Sib Nqus

Kev kuaj xyuas magnetism yog yooj yim:

• Nqa ib lub hlau nplaum me me los ze rau ntawm qhov chaw hlau.

  • Tsis muaj kev nyiam:Cov hlau tsis yog hlau nplaum.

  • Kev nyiam tsis zoo:Ib nrab sib nqus (tej zaum yuav yog cov qauv sib xyaw).

  • Lub zog nyiam:Sib nqus (hlau, ferritic, lossis martensitic steels).

Cov cuab yeej siv hauv chaw kuaj mob xws licov ntsuas permeability sib nqustuaj yeem muab cov kev ntsuas tseeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov hlau tsis xeb uas qhov twg me ntsis magnetic yuav tshwm sim tom qab ua haujlwm txias.

6. Cov Hlau Sib Nqus piv rau Cov Hlau Tsis Sib Nqus: Cov Lus Sib Piv