Ndeipi Simbi Isina Magnetic Yakajairika?

Patinofunga nezvesimbi, vanhu vazhinji vanobva vangozvibatanidza nemagnetism. Pamusoro pezvose, zvinhu zvakaita sesimbi, cobalt, uye nickel zvinozivikanwa nemasimba azvo esimba remagineti. Zvisinei, hazvisi zvese simbi zvine magineti - kutaura zvazviri, simbi dzinoverengeka dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya hadziite nemagineti zvachose. Izvisimbi dzisiri dzemaginetivanoita mabasa akakosha mumaindasitiri uko kupindira kwemagineti, kuramba ngura, uye kusapindira kwemagetsi kwakakosha.

Saka, chii chinonyanya kushandiswa nesimbi isingashandise magineti? Mhinduro yacho ndeiyisimbi isina ngura inogadzirwa neaustenitic (kunyanya SS 304)uyearuminiyamu— ese ari maviri anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri nekuda kwehunhu hwawo hwakasiyana. Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora kuti ndeapi simbi dzisingashandise magineti, nei dzichiita seizvi, uye kuti dzinoshandiswa kupi zvakanyanya.

Semutengesi wepasi rose,SAKYSTELinopa mhando dzakasiyana dzesimbi dzisina ngura uye alloys dzisina magineti dzinosanganisa simba, kuramba ngura, uye kugadzikana kwekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri epamusoro.

1. Kunzwisisa Magnetism muMetals

Hunhu hwemagineti hwesimbi hunoenderana nehukuru hwayochimiro chemaatomu— kunyanya, kana maerekitironi ayo anogona kubatana kuti aumbe ma magnetic domains kana kuti kwete.

• Simbi dzeMagineti:Iron, cobalt, uye nickel — maumbirwo avo eatomu anobvumira maerekitironi asina kupatsanurwa kuti aenderane zviri nyore, zvichiita kuti pave nekukwezvana kwakasimba kwemagineti.

• Simbi Dzisiri dzeMagineti:Aruminiyamu, mhangura, ndarira, mutobvu, goridhe, sirivha, uye simbi dzisina ngura dzinoshandiswa neaustenitic — magadzirirwo adzo emaerekitironi anodzivirira kurongeka, zvichikonzera kusashanda zvakanaka kwemagineti.

Nemashoko akareruka,simbi dzisiri dzemagineti hadzinamatire pamaginetinekuti maumbirwo avo eatomu haagone kutsigira kuumbwa kwesimba remagineti.

2. Simbi Isina Magnetic Yakajairika: Aluminium

Aruminiyamu (Al)ndiyo simbi isingashandise magineti inonyanya kushandiswa uye inonyanya kushandiswa pasi rose.

Nei Aluminium Isina Magnetic

Maumbirwo eatomu earuminiyamu haana maerekitironi asina kubatana mugoko rayo rekunze, zvinoreva kuti haigone kugadzira simba rayo remagineti. Kunyangwe kana yakaiswa pedyo nemagneti, aruminiyamu hairatidzi kukwezva kunoonekwa kana kudzongonyedza.

Zvimiro Zvikuru zveAluminium

• Isina Magineti uye Isina Kupisa:Zvakachengeteka kushandisa pedyo nemidziyo inobatwa nenjodzi kana nzvimbo dzinoputika.

• Huremu hwakareruka:Huremu hwesimbi hunosvika chikamu chimwe muzvitatu, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa mundege nekufambisa zvinhu.

• Inodzivirira Kuora:Inogadzira ganda re oxide rinodzivirira kubva kungura.

• Inofambisa Zvinhu Zvikuru:Yakanakira kushandiswa kwemagetsi nekupisa.

Mashandisirwo eAruminiyamu

• Zvikamu zvemuchadenga nendege

• Zvikamu zvemotokari uye zvegungwa

• Tambo dzemagetsi netambo dzemagetsi

• Kurongedza chikafu nemakani ezvinwiwa

• Mapaneru ekuvaka nemafuremu emahwindo

Nekuda kwekusanganiswa kwayo nehuremu hwayo hushoma, kuramba ngura, uye hunhu husina magineti,aruminiyamu ndiyo simbi isingashandise magineti inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pasi rose.

3. Simbi Dzisina Magneti Dzinoshandiswa neAustenitic - Simbi Inonyanya Kushandiswa Nesimba Remagineti

Kunyange zvazvo aruminiyamu inotungamira pakati pesimbi dzakawanda,simbi dzisina ngura dzinoshandiswa neausteniticndidzo dzinonyanya kuzivikanwazvinhu zvisina magineti zvakagadzirwa nesimbiinoshandiswa mumaindasitiri nemainjiniya.

Sei Austenitic Stainless Steels Isina Magnetic?

Simbi idzi dzinecubic iri pakati pechiso (FCC)chimiro chekristaro chinogadziriswa ne nickel. Chimiro ichi chinodzivirira kurongeka kwema magnetic domains, zvichiita kuti asashande semagineti mumamiriro awo e annealed.

Magiredhi Akajairika

• SS 304 (Simbi Isina Kugayiwa 18-8):18% chromium, 8% nickel — inodzivirira ngura zvakanyanya, ine hutsanana, uye haina magineti.

• SS 316:Ine molybdenum inovandudza kusimba kwe chloride nenzvimbo dzegungwa.

• SS 321 & SS 310:Magiredhi akasimba uye anodziya zvakanyanya, zvakare asina simba remagetsi.

• SS 904L:Chiumbwa che super austenitic chinoramba chisina simba remagineti kunyangwe mushure mekushanda muchitonhora.

Mashandisirwo

• Michina yekugadzira chikafu uye yezvinwiwa

• Midziyo yekurapa neyemurabhoritari

• Zvivakwa zvemugungwa nekunze kwegungwa

• Zvirimwa zvemakemikari nemishonga

• Kushongedzwa kwezvivakwa

Saka, kana tichitaura nezvezvigadzirwa zvesimbi,SS 304 simbi isina ngurainoonekwa sesimbi isingashandisi magineti inonyanya kushandiswainoshandiswa pasi rose.

4. Dzimwe Simbi Dzisiri dzeMagineti

Kunze kwesimbi isina ngura yealuminium ne austenitic, dzimwe simbi dzakawanda dzinoratidzawo zvinhu zvisina simba remagineti:

A. Mhangura (Cu)

• Kufambisa kwemagetsi nekupisa kwakanaka kwazvo.

• Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira waya, mota, uye masisitimu epombi.

• Haina simba remagineti, haipindi ngura, uye inogona kudzokororwa.

B. Ndarira (Cu-Zn Alloy)

• Alloy yemhangura ne zinc; inodzivirira ngura zvakanyanya.

• Inoshandiswa muzvishandiso, mavharuvhu, zviridzwa zvemimhanzi, uye midziyo yemugungwa.

• Hazvina simba remagineti uye zvinogadziriswa nyore nyore.

C. Ndarira (Cu-Sn Alloy)

• Chiumbwa chakasimba uye chisina simba remagineti chemhangura netini.

• Inowanzoshandiswa mumabheyaringi, mabushing, uye zvifananidzo.

D. Titanium (Ti)

• Yakasimba, yakareruka, uye haina simba remagineti.

• Inoshandiswa mundege, muzvishandiso zvekurapa, uye mumaindasitiri epamusoro-soro.

E. Mutobvu (Pb)

• Yakakora uye haina magineti; inoshandiswa mukudzivirira mwaranzi uye mabhatiri.

F. Zingi, Ndarama, uye Sirivha

• Simbi dzinokosha uye dzepasi dzine simba rekudzivirira ngura uye dzisina simba remagineti.

5. Maitiro Ekuedza Kana Simbi Isina Magnetic

Kuedza magnetism kuri nyore:

• Uyai negineti diki pedyo nesimbi.

  • Hapana chinokwezva:Simbi yacho haina magineti.

  • Kukwezva kusina kusimba:Ine magineti zvishoma (chimiro che alloy chinogona kunge chiripo).

  • Kukwezva kwakasimba:Magineti (simbi, ferritic, kana martensitic steels).

Zvishandiso zvemurabhoritari zvakaita semamita ekubvumidza kwesimba remaginetiinogona kupa zviyero zvakanyatsonaka, kunyanya kune simbi isingatsvi uko magnetism inogona kuoneka mushure mekushanda muchitonhora.

6. Simbi dzeMagineti vs. Dzisiri dzeMagineti: Tafura yekuenzanisa