Kodi Chitsulo Chosagwiritsa Ntchito Magnetic Chofala Kwambiri Ndi Chiyani?

Tikamaganizira za zitsulo, anthu ambiri nthawi yomweyo amazigwirizanitsa ndi maginito. Ndipotu, zinthu monga chitsulo, cobalt, ndi nickel zimadziwika bwino chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zamaginito. Komabe, si zitsulo zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi maginito — kwenikweni, zitsulo zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri sizimakhudzidwa ndi maginito konse.zitsulo zopanda maginitoamachita mbali yofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale komwe kusokoneza maginito, kukana dzimbiri, komanso kusalowerera ndale kwa magetsi ndikofunikira.

Ndiye, kodi chitsulo chosakhala ndi maginito chomwe chimapezeka kwambiri ndi chiti? Yankho lake ndi lakutichitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic (makamaka SS 304)ndialuminiyamu— zonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha makhalidwe awo apadera. M'nkhaniyi, tifufuza kuti ndi zitsulo ziti zomwe sizimagwiritsa ntchito maginito, chifukwa chake zimachita izi, komanso komwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Monga wogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi,SAKYSTEELimapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi zitsulo zopanda maginito zomwe zimaphatikiza mphamvu, kukana dzimbiri, ndi kukhazikika kwa ntchito zapamwamba zamafakitale.

1. Kumvetsetsa Magnetism mu Zitsulo

Mphamvu ya maginito ya chitsulo imadalira pakapangidwe ka atomu— makamaka, kaya ma elekitironi ake amatha kugwirizana kuti apange ma domain a maginito kapena ayi.

• Zitsulo zamaginito:Iron, cobalt, ndi nickel — kapangidwe ka ma atomu awo kamalola ma elekitironi osalumikizana kugwirizana mosavuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maginito akhale amphamvu kwambiri.

• Zitsulo Zosakhala ndi Maginito:Aluminiyamu, mkuwa, mkuwa, lead, golide, siliva, ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austenitic — mawonekedwe awo a ma elekitironi amalepheretsa kulumikizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maginito asamayende bwino kapena asayende bwino.

Mwachidule,zitsulo zopanda maginito sizimamatira ku maginitochifukwa kapangidwe kake ka mkati mwa atomu sikungathe kuthandizira kupangidwa kwa mphamvu ya maginito.

2. Chitsulo Chosagwiritsa Ntchito Maginito Chofala Kwambiri: Aluminiyamu

Aluminiyamu (Al)ndi chitsulo chopanda maginito chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso chofala kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Chifukwa Chake Aluminiyamu Siili ndi Maginito

Kapangidwe ka atomu ya aluminiyamu kalibe ma elekitironi osalumikizana mu chipolopolo chake chakunja, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti singathe kupanga mphamvu yakeyake ya maginito. Ngakhale ikayikidwa pafupi ndi maginito, aluminiyamu siisonyeza kukoka kapena kukwiya koonekera.

Zinthu Zofunika Kwambiri za Aluminiyamu

• Yopanda maginito ndi Yopanda Kuwaka:Zotetezeka kugwiritsa ntchito pafupi ndi zida zowopsa kapena malo ophulika.

• Wopepuka:Kulemera kwa chitsulo pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale choyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito paulendo ndi mayendedwe.

• Chosagonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri:Amapanga gawo lachilengedwe la okosijeni lomwe limateteza ku dzimbiri.

• Yoyendetsa Bwino Kwambiri:Zabwino kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito magetsi ndi kutentha.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Aluminiyamu

• Zida za ndege ndi ndege

• Magalimoto ndi zida zam'madzi

• Zingwe zamagetsi ndi magiya opatsira magetsi

• Ma phukusi a chakudya ndi zitini za zakumwa

• Mapanelo omanga ndi mafelemu a mawindo

Chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwake kulemera kopepuka, kukana dzimbiri, komanso mphamvu zopanda maginito,aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo chopanda maginito chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

3. Zitsulo Zosapanga Dzimbiri za Austenitic - Chitsulo Chofala Kwambiri Chosakhala ndi Maginito

Ngakhale kuti aluminiyamu imagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zambiri,zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austeniticndi zomwe zimafala kwambirizipangizo zopangidwa ndi chitsulo zopanda maginitoamagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ndi mainjiniya.

Chifukwa Chake Zitsulo Zosapanga Zaku Austenitic Sizili Zamagetsi

Zitsulo izi zili ndikiyubiki yoyang'ana nkhope (FCC)kapangidwe ka kristalo komwe kamakhazikika ndi nikeli. Kapangidwe kameneka kamalepheretsa kulumikizana kwa ma domain a maginito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati maginito mu mkhalidwe wawo wotsekedwa.

Magiredi Achizolowezi

• SS 304 (Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri 18-8):18% chromium, 8% nickel — kukana dzimbiri bwino, ukhondo, komanso kusagwiritsa ntchito maginito.

• SS 316:Muli molybdenum kuti muzitha kupirira ma chloride ndi malo okhala m'nyanja.

• SS 321 ndi SS 310:Magiredi okhazikika komanso otentha kwambiri, komanso osagwiritsa ntchito maginito.

• SS 904L:Chopangira cha super austenitic chomwe sichimawononga mphamvu zamagetsi ngakhale chitatha kugwira ntchito yozizira.

Mapulogalamu

• Makina opangira chakudya ndi zakumwa

• Zipangizo zachipatala ndi za labotale

• Nyumba za m'madzi ndi za m'mphepete mwa nyanja

• Zomera zamankhwala ndi mankhwala

• Kukongoletsa zomangamanga

Choncho, ponena za zinthu zachitsulo,Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha SS 304akuganiziridwachitsulo chosakhala cha maginito chofala kwambiriamagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi.

4. Zitsulo Zina Zosakhala za Magnetic

Kupatula aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic, zitsulo zina zingapo zimasonyezanso mphamvu zopanda maginito:

A. Mkuwa (Cu)

• Mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yamagetsi ndi kutentha.

• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mawaya, ma mota, ndi mapaipi.

• Yopanda maginito, yolimba ndi dzimbiri, komanso yobwezerezedwanso.

B. Mkuwa (Cu-Zn Alloy)

• Aloyi wa mkuwa ndi zinki; wotetezeka kwambiri ku dzimbiri.

• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zolumikizira, ma valve, zida zoimbira, ndi zida za m'madzi.

• Yopanda mphamvu ya maginito ndipo imapangidwa mosavuta.

C. Bronze (Cu-Sn Aloy)

• Chitsulo cholimba komanso chopanda maginito cha mkuwa ndi tini.

• Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maberiya, m'mabasiketi, ndi m'ziboliboli.

D. Titaniyamu (Ti)

• Yamphamvu, yopepuka, komanso yopanda mphamvu ya maginito.

• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ndege, zoyikamo mankhwala, komanso ntchito zamafakitale apamwamba.

E. Mtsogoleri (Pb)

• Yokhuthala komanso yopanda maginito; imagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza ma radiation ndi mabatire.

F. Zinki, Golide, ndi Siliva

• Zitsulo zamtengo wapatali komanso zoyambira zomwe zimalimbana ndi dzimbiri komanso zopanda mphamvu zamaginito.

5. Momwe Mungayesere Ngati Chitsulo Sichili ndi Maginito

Kuyesa mphamvu ya maginito n'kosavuta:

• Bweretsani maginito ang'onoang'ono pafupi ndi pamwamba pa chitsulo.

  • Palibe chokopa:Chitsulocho sichili ndi maginito.

  • Kukopa kofooka:Maginito pang'ono (kapangidwe ka alloy komwe kangakhalepo).

  • Chikoka champhamvu:Maginito (chitsulo, ferritic, kapena martensitic steels).

Zipangizo za labotale mongamita yoyezera mphamvu ya maginitoingapereke miyeso yolondola, makamaka pazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri komwe mphamvu ya maginito ingawonekere pambuyo pogwira ntchito yozizira.

6. Zitsulo za Magnetic vs. Non-Magnetic: Tebulo Loyerekeza