Lipoleiti tsa Tšepe tsa DH36 le EH36 bakeng sa Liforomo tsa Offshore le Lisebelisoa tsa Subsea

Makala a boenjiniere ba mabopong le ka tlas'a leoatle, thepa ea meaho e tlameha ho sebetsa hantle tlas'a maemo a feteletseng - ho tloha khatellong e phahameng ea mechini ho ea mochesong o tlase le libakeng tse matla tsa metsi a letsoai. Har'a thepa e tšepahalang ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsena tse boima keLipoleiti tsa tšepe tsa DH36 le EH36, litšepe tsa leoatleng tse matla haholo tse etselitsoeng ho mamella meroalo e matla, litlhaselo le mafome a matla a leoatleng. Litšepe tsena lia hlokahala haholo kahong eaLi-platform tsa lebopong la leoatle, li-rig tsa oli, metheo ea turbine ea moea, le lisebelisoa tsa ka tlas'a leoatlemoo polokeho, ho tšoarella le ts'ebetso li ke keng tsa buisanoa.

At sakysteel, re fana ka setifikeitiLipoleiti tsa tšepe tsa DH36 le EH36tse fihlelang maemo a machaba a ho arola (ABS, LR, DNV, BV, le tse ling) ho ts'ehetsa botšepehi ba sebopeho sa merero ea boenjiniere ba likepe le tsa leoatle lefatšeng ka bophara.

1. Selelekela ho Mekhahlelo ea Tšepe ea DH36 le EH36

DH36 le EH36ke karolo ea lelapa la ASTM A131 la litšepe tsa meaho tsa leoatleng tse matla haholo. Leha mefuta ka bobeli e fana ka matla a tšoanang le litšobotsi tsa mechini, phapang ea tsona e hoho tiea ha tšusumetso— mocheso oo tšepe e ka monyang matla ho ona ntle le ho robeha.

• DH36: Tšusumetso e lekiloeng ho -20°C, e loketse libaka tsa leoatle tse batang ka tekanyo e itekanetseng.

• EH36: Tšusumetso e lekiloeng ho -40°C, e etselitsoeng maemo a mocheso o tlase haholo joalo ka ts'ebetso ea Arctic le ea leoatle le tebileng.

Mefuta ena e bonts'a matla a ho thapolla le ho fana ka chai, ho tiea ho ikhethang, le ho tjheseletsa ho babatsehang, e leng se etsang hore e be e phethahetseng bakeng sa meaho e ka holimo le e ka tlas'a leoatle.

2. Sebopeho sa Lik'hemik'hale le Thepa ea Mekaniki

Sebopeho sa lipoleiti tsa tšepe tsa DH36 le EH36 se leka-lekanngoa ka hloko ho fihlela matla le ho tiea ntle le ho beha kotsing ea ho tjheseletsa.

Sebopeho se Tloaelehileng sa Lik'hemik'hale:

• Khabone (C): ≤ 0.18%

• Manganese (Mn): 0.90–1.60%

• Silicone (Si): 0.10–0.50%

• Fosforase (P): ≤ 0.035%

• Sebabole (S): ≤ 0.035%

• Dikarolo tse nyenyane tsa ho kopanya: Nb, Ti, V (bakeng sa ntlafatso le ho tiea ha lijo-thollo)

Thepa ea Mekaniki:

• Matla a ho hlahisa: ≥ 355 MPa

• Matla a ho Thanya: 490–620 MPa

• Ho lelefatsa: ≥ 21%

• Matla a Tšusumetso:

  • DH36: ≥ 34 J ho -20°C

  • EH36: ≥ 34 J ho -40°C

Motswako ona o netefatsa ho hanyetsa ho hoholo ho petsoha le ho fetoha ha lera, esita le tlas'a khatello e feto-fetohang le ho pepesehela mocheso o tlase.

3. Bohlokoa ba Tšepe e Matla a Phahameng Lipolaneteng tsa Offshore

Li-platform tsa oli le khase tse lebōpong la leoatle li tobane le tse ling tsa liphephetso tse boima ka ho fetisisa tsa tikoloho le ts'ebetso. Li tlameha ho mamella maqhubu a matla, meroalo ea moea, le litlamorao tse senyang tsa metsi a leoatle, ha ka nako e ts'oanang li tšehetsa lisebelisoa tse boima le liphaephe.

Lipoleiti tsa tšepe tsa DH36 le EH36li sebelisoa haholo hobane li fana ka:

• Bokgoni bo phahameng ba ho jara mojarobakeng sa meaho ea mathule le maoto.

• Ho hanyetsa mokhathala hantle haholomaemong a ho jarisa ka potoloho.

• Matla a tšusumetso a phahamengho thibela ho hloleha ha ho tetebela.

• Tshebetso e tsitsitseng maemong a tlase a mochesoe fumanoang metsing a tebileng le libakeng tse batang.

Litšobotsi tsena li etsa hore e be thepa ea motheo bakeng sali-rig tsa jack-up, li-platform tse ka qoelisoang hanyane, le lits'ebetso tse tsitsitseng tsa lebopong.

4. Kopo Meahong ea Offshore

a. Meaho ea Lithaba tse ka Holimo le tsa Deck

Lipoleiti tsa DH36 le EH36 li sebelisoa bakeng sa li-deck le libalaka tse tšehetsang tse jarang mechini e boima, lisebelisoa tsa ho cheka, le libaka tsa bolulo. Karolelano ea tsona e phahameng ea matla ho ea boima e ntlafatsa botsitso ba sebopeho ntle le ho eketsa boima ba sethala.

b. Likarolo tsa baki le maoto

Lipoleiting tse tsitsitseng tsa mose ho maoatle,maoto le liforeimi tsa bakie tlameha ho hanela matla a ho hatella le a kobehang a tsoang maqhubung le moeeng. Ho tiea ha EH36 ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e tšepahalang leha e pepesehetse mocheso oa metsi o ka tlase ho zero le ho thothomela ho sa khaotseng.

c. Mekhoa ea Tlhahiso e Phaphametseng (FPSO, Lirigi tse ka Kenelang ka Semi-Summer)

Meaho e phaphametseng e tobana le motsamao o sa khaotseng le kgatello ya mokhathala. Khanyetso e phahameng ya EH36 e fana ka polokeho ya nako e telele bakeng sa di-hull, di-pontoon le meaho ya dikholomo.

5. Lisebelisoa tsa Lisebelisoa tsa Ka tlas'a Leoatle

a. Metswako le Dibopeho tse ka Tlase ho Lewatle

Mechini e mengata e ka tlas'a leoatle e aba phallo ea oli le khase botebong bo boholo. Matla a matle a tšusumetso a mocheso o tlase a EH36 a netefatsa hore meaho ena e lula e sireletsehile tlas'a khatello ea hydrostatic le maemo a metsi a batang a leoatle.

b. Likepe tsa Khatello le Liphaephe tsa Ka tlas'a Leoatle

DH36 le EH36 li sebelisetsoa ho hahalikepe tsa khatello ea ka tlas'a leoatle, li-risers le litšehetso tsa liphaephe, ho netefatsa botšepehi ba mechini tlas'a likhatello tsa ka hare tse feto-fetohang le khatello ea mocheso.

c. Liforeimi tsa mothapo le litsamaiso tsa ho tiisa

Ho tiea le ho tjheseletsa ha EH36 ho etsa hore e be ntle bakeng sa ditsamaiso tsa ho tiisa ka tlasa lewatle le diforeimi tsa tshehetso ya mothapo tse lokelang ho sebetsa ka botshepehi dibakeng tse tebileng tsa lewatle.

6. Tshebetso ea Tlhahiso le ho Welding

Lipoleiti tsa tšepe tsa DH36 le EH36ba ratoa ka lebaka la bonaho tjheseletsa ho babatsehangLi ka etsoa ka ho sebelisa mekhoa e tloaelehileng e kang:

• Ho Welding ka Tšepe e Sirelelitsoeng (SMAW)

• Ho Wellisa Arc e Kenngoeng ka Tlase (SAW)

• Ho Wellisa Tšepe ea Khase (GMAW)

• Ho Welding ha Arc e nang le Di-Flux-Cored (FCAW)

Tsa bonatekanyo e tlase ea khabone (CEV)e netefatsa hore ho na le litlhoko tse fokolang tsa ho futhumatsa esale pele 'me e fokotsa kotsi ea ho petsoha ho bakoang ke haeterojene. Sena se etsa hore li lokele meaho e meholo e tjheselitsoeng e fumanoang boenjiniere ba leoatle le ka tlas'a leoatle.

At sakysteel, lipoleiti tsohle lia fetaTeko ea ultrasound (UT), Teko ea tšusumetso ea Charpy, le netefatso ea boholoho netefatsa ho tjheseletsa ho se nang sekoli le ho tšoana ha mechini.

7. Ho Hanela Tshenyo le Dikoahelo tse Sireletsang

Meaho e lebōpong la leoatle le e ka tlas'a leoatle e lula e pepesehetse mafome a metsi a letsoai, mongobo o phahameng, le ts'ebetso ea likokoana-hloko. Ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa mafome, lipoleiti tsa tšepe tsa DH36 le EH36 hangata ke:

• E thuntsoe 'me e lokisitsoe hantlepele ho pepa.

• E koahetsoe ka li-primer tse nang le epoxy ea leoatleng kapa zinki e ngata.

• E sirelelitsoe ka ho sebelisa litsamaiso tsa cathodicho thibela ho bola ha galvanic.

Mekhoa ena ea phekolo e netefatsa bophelo bo bolelele ba tšebeletso le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhokomelo ha nako e ntse e ea.

8. Tshebetso Dibakeng tse Mocheso o Tlase

E 'ngoe ea likarolo tse hlahelletseng ka ho fetisisa tsa lipoleiti tsa tšepe tsa DH36 le EH36 ke tsa tsonaho tiea ho ikhethang ha mocheso o tlase. Haholo-holo EH36, e boloka bokgoni ba ho dutla le ho hanyetsa tshusumetso mochesong o ka tlase ho -40°C, e leng se etsang hore e be ntle bakeng sa mesebetsi ya Arctic, dikepe tse pshatlang leqhoa, le meaho ya lewatle le tebileng.

Bokhoni bona bo thibela ho robeha ha masapo ho robehang habonolo - e leng ntho e ka sehloohong e tšoenyang libakeng tse batang - ho netefatsa polokeho ea ts'ebetso le nako e telele ea sebopeho.

9. Litifikeiti tsa Mokhatlo oa Tlhophiso

Lipoleiti tsa tšepe tsa DH36 le EH36 li fanoa kesakysteelho fihlela kapa ho feta ditlhoko tsa mekgatlo e meholo ya ho arola, ho kenyeletswa:

• ABS (Lefapha la Amerika la ho Romela Likepe)

• DNV (Det Norske Veritas)

• Ngoliso ea Lloyd (LR)

• Ofisi ea Veritas (BV)

• RINA, NK, le GL

Litifikeiti tse joalo li tiisa ho latela maemo a machaba a kaho ea likepe tsa leoatleng le tsa leoatleng, ho netefatsa hore poleiti ka 'ngoe e ka sebelisoa ka kholiseho lits'ebetsong tsa bohlokoa tsa ho jara mojaro.

10. Melemo ea DH36 le EH36 bakeng sa Merero ea Offshore le Subsea