Forging ke e 'ngoe ea mekhoa ea khale ka ho fetisisa ea ho etsa tšepe e sebelisoang mehleng ea kajeno ea indasteri. E kenyelletsa ho bopa tšepe ka ho sebelisa matla a hatellang a sebakeng sa heno, ao hangata a fanoang ka hamore, ho tobetsa kapa ho thetheha. Lihlahisoa tse tsoang ho forging li tsejoa ka thepa ea tsona e phahameng ea mochine, botšepehi ba sebopeho, le ho hanyetsa mokhathala le tšusumetso.
Sengoliloeng sena se hlahlobaho qapa litsobotsi tsa ts'ebetso ea lihlahisoa tsa forging, e totobatsang kamoo likarolo tsena li tsoelang mafapha a fapaneng a indasteri molemo kateng. Re tla akaretsa lintlha tsa bohlokoa tse kang boits'oaro ba deformation, phallo ea lijo-thollo, matla a mochini, mekhoa ea ho qhekella, le lits'ebetso tse tloaelehileng. Hore na o moenjiniere, ofisiri ea thepa, kapa mohlahlobi oa boleng, tataiso ena e felletseng e tla u thusa ho utloisisa boleng ba lihlahisoa tse entsoeng.
Ho Forging ke Eng?
Forging ke mokhoa oa ho etsa moo tšepe e holofalang ka polasetiki ho ba libopeho tse lakatsehang ka ho sebelisa matla a khatello. Ho fapana le ho lahla kapa ho etsa machining, forging e ntlafatsa sebopeho sa tšepe, e ntlafatsa matla, 'me e felisa mefokolo ea ka hare.
Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa e tloaelehileng ea forging:
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Boqapi bo bulehileng: E boetse e tsejoa e le ho forging mahala, e loketseng likarolo tse kholo le tse entsoeng ka tloaelo.
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Moqapi o koetsoeng (impression die): E loketse likarolo tse rarahaneng, tse phahameng tse nang le mamello e thata.
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Ho letsa lesale: E sebelisetsoa ho hlahisa mehele e se nang moeli bakeng sa libere le li-flanges.
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Mohatsela o phodileng: E entsoe ka mocheso oa kamore kapa haufi le eona bakeng sa pheletso e ntle ea bokaholimo le mamello e matla.
sakysteele fana ka lihlahisoa tse entsoeng ka mokhoa o nepahetseng ka ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele tsa ho qhekella le mekhoa ea phekolo ea mocheso ea boleng e lumellanang le litlhaloso tsa bareki.
1. Ntlafatso ea lijo-thollo le Litšobotsi tsa Phallo ea Metal
E 'ngoe ea litšoaneleho tsa bohlokoahali tsa ts'ebetso ea forging ke ntlafatso ea sebopeho sa lijo-thollo. Phallo ea lijo-thollo e ikamahanya le li-contours tsa karolo, e bakang:
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Matla a matla a tataiso
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Tšusumetso e kholo le ho hanyetsa mokhathala
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Ho felisoa ha porosity kapa shrinkage
Phallo ena e tsoelang pele ea lijo-thollo likarolong tse ferekaneng e lebisa hobotshepehi bo hodimo ba sebopehoha e bapisoa le likarolo tse entsoeng ka mochini kapa tse entsoeng ka mochini.
Mohlala, li-crankshaft le lithupa tse hokahanyang li bonts'a mokhathala o ikhethang ka lebaka la mokhoa o ntlafalitsoeng oa lijo-thollo.
2. Thepa e Phahameng ea Mechini
Forging e ntlafatsa thepa ea tšepe ea tšepe ka ho thatafatsa le ho laola deformation. Melemo ea bohlokoa e kenyelletsa:
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Keketseho ea matla a ho tsitsa
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Matla a chai a ntlafetseng
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Betere toughness le ductility
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Ho hanyetsa ka holimo ho mokhathala oa mocheso le oa mechine
Lintlafatso tsena li etsa hore lihlahisoa tse ferekaneng li lokele lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa tsa ho jara.
sakysteele fana ka mekoallo, li-shaft, li-discs, le mehele tse khotsofatsang litlhoko tse boima tsa thepa bakeng sa likarolo tsa sebaka sa sefofane, sa metsing le sa indasteri.
3. Tšebeliso e Ntlafetseng ea Lintho
Mekhoa ea ho qhekella e fokotsa litšila tsa lintho tse bonahalang ha e bapisoa le mekhoa ea ho tlosa lintho tse kang machining. Kaha thepa e tlosoa sebakeng sa eona ho e-na le ho tlosoa:
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Libopeho tsa marang-rang kapa tse haufi-ufi li ka finyelloa
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Ho hlokahala machining a fokolang ka mor'a ho forging
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Tšebeliso e ntle ea li-alloys tse theko e boima haholo
Sena se molemo ka ho khetheha bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa boleng bo holimo tse kang tšepe e sa hloekang, li-alloys tsa nickel le titanium.
4. Ho nepahala ha Dimensional e Ntle le ho Pheta-pheta
Mekhoa ea sejoale-joale ea ho qhekella-haholo-holo e koetsoeng-e fana ka litekanyo tse tsitsitseng tse nang le mamello e thata. Ho sebelisa precision e shoa le liparamente tse laoloang tsa ts'ebetso ho netefatsa:
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Pheta-pheta tlhahisong e phahameng haholo
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Ho lumellana le litsamaiso tsa kopano tse ikemetseng
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Ho fokotseha ha mosebetsi oa boipheliso le boiteko ba ho hlahloba
Taolo ea maemo e bohlokoa liindastering tse kang tsa likoloi, moo likarolo tse emisitsoeng le li-drivetrain li tlamehang ho lekana hantle ka har'a likopano.
5. Mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea libopeho le boholo
Forging e lumella ho hlahisa mefuta e mengata ea li-geometri, ho kenyelletsa:
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Li-shafts, lithupa, li-discs
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Li-gears, li-flanges, li-couplings
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Mehele le matsoho
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Likarolo tse ikhethileng tse ipapisitseng le litšoantšo tsa boenjiniere
Mefuta e fapaneng ea boholo e ka fapana ho tloha ho ligrama tse 'maloa (ka ho forging e batang) ho ea ho lithane tse' maloa (ka ho forging e bulehileng).
sakysteele fana ka bokhoni ba ho forging bakeng sa likarolo tse boima ba ho tloha ka tlase ho 1 kg ho ea ho lithane tse fetang 10, ho latela litlhoko tsa bareki.
6. Bokhabane bo Ntlafetseng ba ka Hare
Ho fapana le castings, forgings nali-voids tse fokolang ka hare kapa li-inclusions. The compression ea forging process e felisa:
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Ho fokotseha ha likoti
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Lipokotho tsa khase
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Lifilimi tsa oksijene
Sebopeho sena sa molumo se tiisa tšireletso e phahameng le ho tšepahala, haholo-holo likarolong tse nang le khatello le ho potoloha.
Liteko tsa Ultrasonic le litlhahlobo tse ling tse sa senyeheng hangata li sebelisoa ho netefatsa ho utloahala ha ka hare ho likarolo tsa maiketsetso.
7. Bere Wear le Impact Resistance
Mokhoa oa forging o tiisa tšepe, o fokotsa boholo ba lijo-thollo le ho matlafatsa khanyetso ea ho apara. Likarolo tse kang:
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Likheo tsa li-gear
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Lisebelisoa tsa merafo
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Mahare a temo
rua molemo ka ho qhekella ka lebaka la ho ntlafala ha tsona ho hanyetsa matla a abrasive le tšusumetso.
Liphekolo tsa mocheso ka mor'a ho chesa joalo ka ho tima le ho futhumatsa li ka ntlafatsa ho thatafala le ho hanyetsa ho apara.
8. Ho lumellana le Alloy Steels le Lisebelisoa tse Khethehileng
Forging e loketse mefuta e mengata ea litšepe tse nang le tšepe le tse se nang ferrous:
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Litšepe tsa carbon(A105, 1045)
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Litšepe tsa alloy(4140, 4340, 1.6582)
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Litšepe tse se nang tšepe(304, 316, 410, 17-4PH)
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Lisebelisoa tsa nickel(Inconel, Monel)
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Lisebelisoa tsa titanium le aluminium
Ho feto-fetoha hona ho etsa hore ho theha mokhoa o ratoang ho pholletsa le liindasteri tse fapaneng.
sakysteele sebetsa ka thata ho etsa tšepe e sa hloekang le likarolo tse khethehileng tsa alloy bakeng sa likarolo tse kang oli le khase, nyutlelie le tlhahiso ea matla.
9. Thepa ea Customizable Mechanical Ka Phekolo ea Mocheso
Lihlahisoa tse entsoeng ka maiketsetso li ka tšeloa mocheso ho lokisa thepa ea tsona ea mochine. Liphekolo tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa:
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Ho tloaeleha
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Ho khutsisa le ho khutsisa
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Anealing
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Phekolo ea tharollo le botsofali (bakeng sa tšepe e sa hloekang le lisebelisoa tsa nickel)
Likalafo tsena li lokisa ho leka-lekana ha matla, boima, le ductility ho latela litlhoko tsa ts'ebeletso.
sakysteele fana ka thepa ea thepa ea mocheso e finyellang litekanyetso tsa thepa tsa ASTM, EN, le DIN.
10.Lisebelisoa tsa Forging Products
Likarolo tsa maiketsetso li sebelisoa hoo e batlang e le indastering e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e boima, ho kenyelletsa:
●Sepakapaka
Li-turbine shafts, lisebelisoa tsa ho lulisa, likarolo tsa enjene
●Tsa makoloi
Lithupa tse kopanyang, li-crankshafts, li-knuckle tsa ho tsamaisa
●Oli le Khase
Li-flanges, lihlopha tsa li-valve, li-collar tsa ho phunya, lisebelisoa tsa hantle
●Moloko oa Matla
Li-discs tsa turbine, shafts, likarolo tsa boiler
●Thepa e boima
Likheo tsa li-gear, li-roller, li-hook tse phahamisang, li-link tsa lipina
Lisebelisoa tsena li hloka ho ts'epahala, 'me lihlahisoa tse ferekaneng li fihlela litlhoko tsena ka ts'ebetso e phahameng le ho tšoarella.
Maemo a Boleng le Tlhahlobo
Mekhoa ea ho qhekella e laoloa ho latela litekanyetso tsa machaba tse kang:
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ASTM A182, A105, A694
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Letoto la EN 10222
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Letoto la ISO 683
Mekhoa ea ho hlahloba e kenyelletsa:
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Tlhahlobo ea mahlakore
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Tlhahlobo ea mahlale (UT)
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Tlhahlobo ea likaroloana tsa Magnetic (MPI)
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Teko ea ho kenella ka dae (DPT)
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Teko ea boima le ho tsitsipana
sakysteele fana ka liforomo tse nang le traceability e felletseng le setifikeiti sa EN10204 3.1/3.2 ka kopo.
Hobaneng Khetha sakysteel bakeng sa Forged Products?
sakysteelke moetsi ea tšeptjoang le morekisi oa lihlahisoa tsa maiketsetso tse sebetsang hantle haholo. Ka mechine e tsoetseng pele ea ho qhekella, lisebelisoa tsa phekolo ea mocheso, le tlhahlobo ea ka tlung, re fana ka:
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Mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa (tse se nang lesela, alloy, carbon steel)
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Libopeho tse tloaelehileng le tse tloaelehileng tse entsoeng
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Taolo ea boleng bo tiisitsoeng ke ISO
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Linako tse potlakileng tsa ho etella pele le litheko tsa tlholisano
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Bokhoni ba ho romela thepa lefatšeng ka bophara
Bareki ho pholletsa le likarolo tsa sefofane, matla, le boenjiniere ba itšetlehile kasakysteelbakeng sa litlhoko tsa bona tsa bohlokoa tsa ho theha.
Qetello
Mokhoa oa ho theha o fana ka matla a ke keng a lekanngoa, ho tšepahala, le ts'ebetso ho likarolo tsa tšepe. Ka melemo e joalo ka ntlafatso ea lijo-thollo, botsitso bo boholo, boima ba mojaro o phahameng, le ts'ebeliso e ntle ea litšenyehelo, lihlahisoa tsa maiketsetso li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tsa sejoale-joale tsa indasteri.
Ho utloisisa litšobotsi tsa ts'ebetso ea forging ho thusa baenjiniere le bareki ho etsa khetho e ntle ea thepa bakeng sa merero ea bohlokoa. Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ho qapa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng ka boleng bo tsitsitseng le tšehetso ea litsebi,sakysteelke molekane oa hau ea loketseng bakeng sa likarolo tsa maiketsetso tse fihlelang litlhoko tse thata tsa indasteri.
Nako ea poso: Aug-04-2025