Yintoni uMbhobho oQoqosiweyo ongenamthungo?

Imibhobho ibalulekile kumashishini afana neoyile negesi, ulwakhiwo, iimoto, kunye nokuveliswa koomatshini. Phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo,umbhobho oshushu waqengqeleka ongenamthungoibalasele ngamandla ayo, ukufana, kunye nokukwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nobushushu. Ngokungafaniyo nemibhobho edibeneyo, imibhobho engenamthungo ayinayo i-weld seam, eyenza ibe yinto efanelekileyo kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ukuba yintoni umbhobho oshushu oqengqelekayo ongenamthungo, wenziwa njani, iingenelo zawo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwawo okuqhelekileyo kuwo onke amashishini.

1. Ingcaciso: Yintoni uMbhobho oQhubekileyo oSolwe ngokungenamthungo?

A umbhobho oshushu waqengqeleka ongenamthungoluhlobo lombhobho wentsimbi owenziweyongaphandle kwe-weldingkwaye yenziwe ngeinkqubo eshushu rolling. Igama elithi "i-seamless" libonisa ukuba umbhobho awunayo nayiphi na idibeneyo okanye i-seam kunye nobude bayo, okwandisa amandla kunye nokunyaniseka.

Ukuqengqeleka okushushu kubhekisa ekwenzeni umbhobho kwiamaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphezu kwe-1000 ° C, evumela ukuba insimbi ifakwe ngokulula kwaye iqhutywe. Le ndlela ibangela umbhobho oqinileyo, one-homogeneous efanelekileyo kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ezifunayo.

2. Wenziwa Njani Umbhobho oQhubekileyo oSolwe ngokungenamthungo?

Ukwenziwa kombhobho oshushu oqengqelekayo ongenamthungo kubandakanya amanyathelo abalulekileyo:

a) Ukulungiselela ibhilethi

• I-billet yensimbi eqinileyo ye-cylindrical inqunywe ubude obufunwayo.

• I-billet ifudunyezwa kwiziko ukuya kubushushu obuphezulu ukuze iyenze ithambile.

b) Ukugqobhoza

• I-billet eshushu idlula kwi-mill yokubhoboza ukudala iziko elingenanto.

• Umbhobho ojikelezayo kunye neerola zisetyenziselwa ukwenza ubume obusisiseko be-tubular.

c) Ubude

• I-billet egqojoziweyo (ngoku iityhubhu engenanto) idlula kwii-elongation Mills ezifana ne-mandrel mills okanye i-plug Mills.

• Ezi zixhobo zolula ityhubhu kwaye zicokise ukutyeba kodonga kunye nobubanzi.

d) Ukuqengqeleka okushushu

• Ityhubhu iphinde ibunjwe kwaye ilinganiswe ngezixhobo zokusila ezishushu.

• Oku kuqinisekisa ukufana kunye nokuchaneka kwe-dimensional.

e) Ukupholisa kunye nokuLungisa

• Umbhobho upholile kwi-conveyor okanye emoyeni.

• Emva koko iqondiswe kwaye isikwe ngobude obufunwayo.

f) Ukuhlolwa noVavanyo

• Imibhobho ifumana iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ezingonakalisi kunye nezonakalisayo (umzekelo, i-ultrasonic, i-hydrostatic).

• Ukumakisha kunye nokupakishwa kwenziwa ngokwemigangatho yoshishino.

sakysteelinikeza imibhobho eshushu eqengqelekayo engenamthungo kumabanga ahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu, ivavanywe ngokupheleleyo kwaye iqiniselwe ukuqinisekiswa komgangatho.

3. Iimpawu eziphambili zoMbhobho oQhutyiweyo ongenamthungo

• Ulwakhiwo olungenamthungo: Akukho mthungo odibeneyo uthetha ukumelana noxinzelelo olungcono kunye nokunyaniseka kwesakhiwo.

• Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu: Inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu ngaphandle kokuguqulwa okanye ukusilela.

• Ukunyamezela Uxinzelelo: Ukusebenza okugqwesileyo phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu lwangaphakathi okanye lwangaphandle.

• Ukutyeba kweendonga ezifanayo: Ukuqengqeleka okushushu kuqinisekisa ulawulo olungcono lokutyeba.

• Umphezulu oMhle uGqiba: Nangona ingekho mpuluswa njengemibhobho etsalwa ngokubanda, imibhobho esongwayo eshushu inokugqiba okwamkelekileyo ukuba isetyenziswe kwimizi-mveliso.

4. Izinto eziphathekayo kunye neMigangatho

Imibhobho eshushu eqengqelekayo engenamthungo iyafumaneka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo:

Izixhobo eziqhelekileyo:

• Intsimbi yeCarbon (ASTM A106, ASTM A53)

• Intsimbi yengxubevange (ASTM A335)

• Intsimbi engatyiwa (ASTM A312)

• Intsimbi yobushushu obuphantsi (ASTM A333)

Imigangatho eqhelekileyo:

• I-ASTM

• EN/DIN

• API 5L / API 5CT

• I-JIS

• GB/T

sakysteelibonelela ngothotyelo olupheleleyo lwemigaqo yamazwe ngamazwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeemarike zehlabathi.

5. Izicelo zoMbhobho oQhubekileyo oQhubekileyo ongenamthungo

Imibhobho eshushu eqengqelekayo engenamthungo isetyenziswa kumacandelo amaninzi ngenxa yokuthembeka nokusebenza kwayo.

a) Ishishini le-oyile negesi

• Ukuthutha i-oyile ekrwada kunye negesi yendalo

• Ityhubhu esezantsi kunye ne-casing

• Imibhobho yokucoca

b) Ukuveliswa koMbane

• Iityhubhu zebhoyila

• Iityhubhu zokutshintsha ubushushu

• Amacandelo e-Superheater

c) Ubunjineli boomatshini

• Amalungu omatshini kunye namacandelo

• Iisilinda zeHydraulic

• Iishafu zegiya kunye neerola

d) Ulwakhiwo kunye neziseko zophuhliso

• Inkxaso yesakhiwo kunye neziseko

• Imibhobho yokufaka

• Iibhulorho kunye nezakhiwo zentsimbi

e) Ishishini leeMoto

• Ii-axles kunye neendawo zokuxhoma

• Iishafu zokuhambisa

• Amacandelo okulawula

sakysteelibonelela ngemibhobho eshushu eqengqelekayo engenamthungo eyenzelwe ezi zicelo, iqinisekisa ukuqina kunye neenkcukacha ezichanekileyo.

6. Izibonelelo zoMbhobho oQhubekileyo oQhubekileyo ongenamthungo

Yomelele kwaye ikhuselekile

• Akukho malungu adityanisiweyo athetha iindawo ezibuthathaka ezimbalwa kunye nokunyaniseka okungcono.

Okugqwesileyo kusetyenziso loxinzelelo oluphezulu

• Ilungele ukuthuthwa kwamanzi kunye negesi phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu.

Uluhlu olubanzi lobungakanani

• Ifumaneka kwii-diameters ezinkulu kunye nobukhulu bendonga okunzima ukufikelela kuyo ngemibhobho edibeneyo.

Ubomi Obude Benkonzo

• Ukumelana ngcono nokudinwa, ukuqhekeka, kunye nokugqwala.

Zininzi izinto

• Ifanelekile kuzo zombini izicelo zesakhiwo kunye noomatshini.

7. I-Hot Rolled vs. I-Cold Drawn Umbhobho ongenamthungo