Insimbi engagqwali yaziwa kabanzi ngokuqina kwayo, amandla, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, yayoukumelana nokugqwala. Lesi sakhiwo sikwenza kube yinto ekhethwayo ezimbonini ezingenakubalwa, kusukela kwezokwakha kanye nokucubungula ukudla kuya ekukhiqizeni olwandle namakhemikhali. Kodwa yini ngempela eyenza insimbi engagqwali imelane nokugqwala nokuwohloka? Futhi ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi insimbi yakho engagqwali isebenza njengoba kulindelekile ezindaweni ezahlukene?
Kulesi sihloko, sichaza isayensi yokumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali, izinhlobo ezahlukene ezitholakalayo, nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani ibanga elilungile lohlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluthile.
Yini Eyenza I-Stainless Steel Corrosion Imelane?
Isihluthulelo sokumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali sikukhookuqukethwe kwe-chromium. Zonke izinsimbi ezingenasici ziqukethe okungenani i-chromium engu-10.5%, esabela komoyampilo emoyeni ukuze yakheisendlalelo sokwenziwai-chromium oxide ebusweni. Lesi sendlalelo esingabonakali, esizilungisayo sivikela insimbi engaphansi ekugxumeni nasekugqwaleni.
Ukuphakama kokuqukethwe kwe-chromium, kuba ngcono ukumelana nokugqwala. Amamaki amaningi ensimbi engagqwali ahlanganisa nezinye izakhi ze-alloying ezifanai-nickel, i-molybdenum, futhiinitrogenukuthuthukisa lo mgoqo wokuvikela, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinolaka.
Izinhlobo Ezivamile Zokugqwala kanye Nokuziphatha Kwensimbi Engagqwali
Ngisho nensimbi engagqwali ayigonyiwe ngokuphelele kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokugqwala. Ukuqonda izinhlobo ezijwayelekile kusiza ekukhetheni ibanga elilungile.
1. Ukugqwala Okujwayelekile
Lokhu ukugqwala okufanayo okwenzeka endaweni yonke lapho kuvezwe endaweni ene-asidi noma ye-caustic. Amabanga afana no-304 no-316 amelana kahle nalolu hlobo.
2. I-Pitting Corrosion
Kuvela ezindaweni ezinothe nge-chloride njengamanzi olwandle noma izindawo zamachibi. Amabanga aqukethe i-molybdenum njenge316 or 904Lukunikeza ukumelana okuphakeme.
3. I-Crevice Corrosion
Kwenzeka ezindaweni eziqinile lapho i-oxygen ingakwazi ukufinyelela phezulu ukuze kugcinwe isendlalelo sokwenziwa. Ukukhetha amamaki anekhabhoni ephansi noma anengxubevange ephezulu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni lokhu.
4. I-Stress Corrosion Cracking
Lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yokucindezeleka komshini nendawo edlayo. Izinsimbi ezingenasici eziyi-Duplex noma ama-alloys ane-nickel ephezulu avame ukusetshenziselwa ukumelana nalesi simo.
Ukuqhathanisa Amabanga Adumile Ensimbi Engagqwali
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304 Insimbi Engagqwali: Ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu okujwayelekile, kulungele indawo yasendlini noma enokugqwala kancane.
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316 Insimbi Engagqwali: Iqukethe i-molybdenum, okuyenza ifaneleke ezinhlelweni zasolwandle, ezemithi, nezokucubungula ukudla.
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430 Insimbi Engagqwali: Iyabiza kancane kodwa inokumelana nokugqwala okuphansi, ikakhulukazi ezisetshenziswa ezisetshenziswa endlini.
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904L Insimbi Engagqwali: I-high-alloy austenitic insimbi engagqwali enokumelana okukhethekile nama-asidi aqinile nama-chloride.
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I-Duplex 2205: Inikeza amandla aphakeme nokumelana nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezi.
At sakysteel, sinikezela ngebanga elibanzi lamabanga ensimbi engagqwali ngezinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali eziqinisekisiwe kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuhloliwe, kusiza amakhasimende emhlabeni wonke ukuthi athole okufanayo okuhamba phambili kwamaphrojekthi awo.
Izinto Ezithonya Ukumelana Nokugqwala Kwensimbi Engagqwali
Izinto eziningi zangaphandle zinomthelela ekutheni insimbi engagqwali izosebenza kanjani enkonzweni:
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Izinga lokushisa: Amazinga okushisa aphezulu angase asheshise ukugqwala, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezine-acidic noma ezicebile nge-chloride.
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Ukuchayeka ku-Chlorides: Ama-ion e-chloride anolaka kakhulu futhi angakwazi ukudiliza isendlalelo sokwenziwa.
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I-Acidity kanye ne-Alkalinity: Amazinga e-pH adlulele angonakalisa ngisho nezinsimbi ezingenasici zezinga eliphezulu.
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I-Surface Qeda: Ukuqedwa okushelelayo (njengoNo. 4 noma 2B) kuvame ukumelana nokugqwala kangcono kunezindawo ezimahhadlahhadla noma eziklwetshiwe.
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Isondlo: Ukuhlanza njalo kuvimbela ukungcola ekubhidlizeni ifilimu yokuzivikela.
Ukukhetha okufanele, ukufakwa, nokugcinwa kahle kunganweba kakhulu isikhathi sokuphila sensimbi engagqwali kuzilungiselelo ezonakalisayo.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza Ezithembele Ekumelaneni Nokugqwala Kwensimbi Engagqwali
Insimbi engagqwali ibalulekile ezimbonini lapho ukugqwala kungaholela engcupheni yezokuphepha, isikhathi sokuphumula, noma ukungcoliswa. Izibonelo ezijwayelekile zifaka:
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Ubunjiniyela basolwandle: Okokufakwa kwezikebhe, amashafti, namapulatifomu angaphesheya kolwandle
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Ukucubungula amakhemikhali: Okwama-reactor, amathangi, namapayipi
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Ukudla nesiphuzo: Emapayipini e-sanitary kanye nemishini yasekhishini
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Ukwakha: Ikakhulukazi kuma-facade angaphandle nezakhiwo ezisogwini
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Ezemithi nezokwelapha: Lapho ukuhlanzeka nokumelana namakhemikhali kubalulekile
sakysteelinikeza izinto zensimbi engagqwali eziqinisekisiwe ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe, okusenza sibe uzakwethu othembekile wokufuna izinhlelo zokusebenza ezizwela ukugqwala.
Indlela Yokuthuthukisa Ukumelana Nokugqwala Kwensimbi Engagqwali
Ngisho namamaki amelana kakhulu nokugqwala angazuza kwezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha:
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Sebenzisa ibanga elifaneleendaweni yakho ethile
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Qinisekisa i-welding efaneleukugwema ukuzwela kanye nokugqwala kwe-intergranular
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Faka imithi yokwelaphaukuthuthukisa ungqimba oluvikelayo ngemva komshini noma ukwenziwa
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Gwema ukuthintana ne-carbon steelngesikhathi sokuphatha noma ukugcinwa ukuze uvimbele ukungcola
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Hlanza njalongezihlanzi ezingenaso i-chloride ukuze kugcinwe ungqimba lwe-passive
Ukusebenza nabahlinzeki abanolwazi njengasakysteeliqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zakho zokusebenza azizona nje kuphela izinga eliphezulu kodwa futhi zicutshungulwa kahle futhi zivikelwe.
Isiphetho
Ukuqonda ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali kuyisihluthulelo sokukhetha impahla efanele yephrojekthi yakho. Kusukela kungqimba yokwenziwa eyakhiwe i-chromium kuya emandleni engeziwe e-molybdenum ne-nickel, insimbi engagqwali yakhelwe ukusebenza ezindaweni eziyinselele kakhulu.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wakha ulayini wokucubungula wezinga lokudla noma uhlomisa inkundla yokumba ngasogwini, ukukhetha izinga elifanele lensimbi engagqwali kuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwesikhathi eside, ukuphepha, nokusebenza kahle.
Ngemikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu yensimbi engagqwali esekelwa uchwepheshe bomsebenzi kanye nesevisi yomhlaba wonke, ukwethembanasakysteel-umhlinzeki wakho wekhambi omelana nokugqwala.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-27-2025