Zvinhu gumi zvaunofanira kuziva nezveSimbi Isina Stainless

Simbi isina ngura yave chimwe chezvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye zvinovimbwa nevanhu vemazuva ano. Kubva pazvivakwa zvema skyscrapers nemapombi emaindasitiri kusvika kumidziyo yekuvhiya nemidziyo yekicheni, simbi isina ngura iri kwese kwese. Kufarirwa kwayo kunobva mukusanganiswa kwayo kwakasiyana kwesimba, kugara kwenguva refu, uye kuramba ngura nengura. Asi, vanhu vazhinji vanoziva simbi isina ngura se "simbi inopenya" vasinganzwisise hunhu hwayo hwakadzama.

Kuti tikubatsire kunzwisisa kuti nei simbi isingasvibi chinhu chakakosha, heano mamwe mashoko.Zvinhu gumi zvaunofanira kuziva nezvesimbi isingasvibi.

1. Simbi Isina Chinoumba Chiumbwa

Simbi isina ngura haisi simbi chaiyo. Isimbi yakagadzirwa nesimbi, ine chromium sechinhu chikuru chinoita kuti ive "isina ngura." Sekureva kwetsanangudzo, simbi isina ngura inofanira kunge iine chromium inosvika 10.5 muzana. Zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita se nickel, molybdenum, titanium, kana nitrogen zvinowanzowedzerwa kuti zvivandudze hunhu hwakadai sekusimba, kuramba ngura, kana kusimba.

2. Chakavanzika Chiri Kudzivirira Kuora Kwayo

Hunhu "husina ngura" hunobva kune zvakasikwa, zvakatetepa, uye zvisingaonekwerukoko rwe chromium oxideiyo inoumbwa pamusoro pesimbi isingatsvi. Iyi firimu inoshanda sechidziviriro, ichidzivirira okisijeni nehunyoro kuti zvisapinde musimbi zvokonzera ngura. Kana ikakwenywa, jira racho rinozviporesa roga kana paine okisijeni, zvichiita kuti dziviriro irambe iripo.

3. Kune Mhando dzakasiyana dzeSimbi Isina Zvisimbiso

Simbi isina ngura haisi chinhu chimwe chete. Inowanikwa mumhuri dzakasiyana, imwe neimwe ine hunhu hwakasiyana:

• Austenitic: Inonyanya kushandiswa, isingashandise magineti, inodzivirira ngura zvakanyanya, inoshandiswa mukugadzira chikafu nekugadzira magadzirirwo.

• Ferritic: Ine magineti, isingadhuri, ine simba rekudzivirira ngura, inowanzoshandiswa mukushandisa mota.

• Martensitic: Yakasimba uye yakaoma asi isingakanganise ngura, inowanzoshandiswa pakugadzira mapanga nematurusi.

• Duplex: Inosanganisa zvivakwa zve austenitic ne ferritic, ichipa simba rakawanda uye inodzivirira ngura zvakanyanya.

• Kunaya kwemvura-Kuomesa: Inowana simba rakawanda kuburikidza nekupisa, inoshandiswa mukushandiswa kwemhepo mundege.

4. Simbi Isina Zvisimbiso Inogona Kudzokororwa

Chimwe chezvakanakira zvikuru zvesimbi isingatsvinda ndeyekugara kwenguva refu kwayo.inogona kudzokororwa zvachose zana muzanapasina kurasikirwa nehunhu. Inopfuura 60 muzana yesimbi itsva isingasvibi inobva muzvimedu zvakadzokororwa, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo isingakuvadzi nharaunda kune maindasitiri ari kuedza kuderedza kukanganisa nharaunda.

5. Yakawanikwa netsaona

Kuwanikwa kwesimbi isina ngura muna 1913 naHarry Brearley muSheffield, England, kwakaitika netsaona. Brearley aiedza kushandisa alloys dzesimbi kuti avandudze kusimba kwepfuti paakaona imwe sample ichiramba ngura. Kuwanikwa uku kwakakonzera kukura kwesimbi isina ngura sezvatinoiziva nhasi.

6. Simbi Isina Zvishandiso Isingaperi

Kugona kwayo kushandisa simbi isina ngura kunoita kuti ive inodiwa mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana:

• Magadzirirwo Ezvivakwa uye Kuvaka: Mabhiriji, madziro emadziro, denga, uye zvinotsigira chivakwa.

• Chikafu neChinwiwa: Midziyo yekugadzirisa, matangi, mapaipi, nemidziyo.

• Zvekurapa: Zvishandiso zvekuvhiya, maimplants, uye midziyo yemuchipatara.

• Kutakurwa: Masisitimu emagetsi anoburitsa utsi, zvikamu zvendege, uye kuvaka ngarava.

• Simba: Zvivako zvemagetsi enyukireya, mapuratifomu ekunze kwegungwa, uye zvimiro zvesimba rinogona kushandiswazve.

Musanganiswa wayo wekugara kwenguva refu, kuramba ngura, uye hutsanana inoita kuti ishandiswe zvakanyanya.

7. Simbi Isina Zvisimbiso Iri Nyore Kuchenesa

Nzvimbo yakatsetseka, isina maburi inoita kuti zvive nyore kuchenesa nekugadzirisa. Ndosaka iri chinhu chinodiwa zvikuru mukugadzira chikafu, hutano, uye maindasitiri emishonga uko hutsanana hwakakosha. Kuchenesa nguva dzose nesipo dzakapfava kunoita kuti nzvimbo dzesimbi dzisina maburi dzigare dzakachena pasina kukuvadza ganda rekudzivirira.

8. Inogona Kutsungirira Kupisa Kwakanyanya

Simbi isina ngura inoshanda zvakanaka kana paine kupisa kwakanyanya uye kutonhora kwakanyanya.

• Magiredhi ekupisa kwepamusoro anoramba akasimba uye anodzivirira oxidation mumaovheni kana mafekitori emagetsi.

• Magiredhi ekupisa kwakaderera anoramba akaoma mukushandiswa kwe cryogenic senge kuchengetedza gasi rechisikigo mumvura.

Kukwanisa kutsungirira kupisa kwakanyanya kunoita kuti simbi isingatsvi ishandiswe zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akakosha.

9. Kupedzwa Kwepamusoro Kunowedzera Zvinopfuura Runako Chete

Simbi isina ngura inowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemagadzirirwo epamusoro, kubva pakuporishwa negirazi kusvika pakusviba kana kukweshwa. Magadzirirwo aya haasi ekungoyevedza chete—anokanganisawo mashandiro. Magadzirirwo akaporishwa ari nyore kuchenesa uye anodzivirira kukura kwebhakitiriya, nepo magadzirirwo akapfava achivanza zvigunwe nemavanga munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda. Magadzirirwo epamusoro anobvumira simbi isina ngura kuenzanisa mashandiro ayo nekunaka kwedhizaini.

10. Kusarudza Giredhi Rakakodzera Kwakakosha

Hadzisi dzese simbi dzisina ngura dzakafanana. Mhando chaiyo inofanira kusarudzwa zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwadzo:

• 304 Simbi Isina Chinovhara: Yakanyanya kushandiswa, yakakodzera kushandiswa kwechikafu nechinwiwa.

• 316 Simbi Isina Chinovhara: Ine molybdenum yekuwedzera simba rekudzivirira zvipembenene munzvimbo dzemugungwa kana dzemakemikari.

• 430 Simbi Isina Zvisimbiso: Chigadzirwa cheferritic chinowanzoshandiswa pakushongedza uye kushandiswa kwemotokari.

• 2205 Duplex Simbi Isina Kusimba: Inoshandiswa mumaindasitiri ekunze kwenyika nemakemikari kuti irambe yakasimba uye ichidzivirira ngura.

Kusarudza giredhi rakakodzera kunoita kuti igare kwenguva refu, igare yakachengeteka, uye ishandise mari zvakanaka.

Mazano ekugadzirisa uye ekutarisira

Kunyangwe simbi isingasvibi ngura ichiramba ngura zvakanyanya, ichiri kuda kugadziriswa kwakakodzera:

• Geza nzvimbo dzacho nguva dzose nesipo nemvura isina kunyorova.

• Dzivisa zvinhu zvinokwenya pamusoro.

• Sukurudza zvakanaka kubvisa zvasara zvemakemikari.

• Shandisa mishonga yekudzivirira ngura munzvimbo dzakaoma kuti urambe uchidzivirira ngura.

Remangwana reSimbi Isina Zvigadziko

Simbi isina ngura inoramba ichichinja zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvemazuva ano:

• MaAlloys Epamusoro: Mhando itsva dzesimbi dzisina ngura dziri kugadzirwa munzvimbo dzakaoma.

• Kugadzirwa Kwezvirimwa: Vagadziri vari kuderedza kuburitswa kwekabhoni uye kushandiswa kwesimba mukugadzira simbi.

• Tekinoroji yeNanotechnology: Kurapa pamusoro pemvura kunowedzera hunhu hwemabhakitiriya kumaindasitiri ekurapa nekudya.

• Kudhinda kwe3D: Simbi isina ngura iri kushandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira zvinhu zvinowedzerwa pakugadzira zvinhu zvakaoma.

Nekuchengetedza nharaunda uye hunyanzvi zviri zvinhu zvinonyanya kukosheswa, simbi isingasvibi icharamba iri chinhu chakakosha kwemakumi emakore anotevera.

Mhedziso

Simbi isina ngura inopfuura simbi inopenya, inodzivirira ngura. Isimbi yakagadzirwa zvakanaka yakaumba maindasitiri emazuva ano kuburikidza nekugara kwayo kwenguva refu, kugona kudzokorodza, uye kushanduka-shanduka. Kunzwisisa hunhu hwayo, mhando dzayo, uye mashandisirwo ayo kunobatsira maindasitiri nevatengi kusarudza zvinhu zvine ruzivo.

Kubva pazvivakwa zvirefu kusvika kumidziyo yekuvhiya, simbi isingatsvi iri kwese kwese—uye nechikonzero chakanaka. Nekudzidza zvinhu gumi izvi zvakakosha, unogona kunzwisisa zviri nani kuti nei simbi isingatsvi ichikosha muhupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva uye mune ramangwana.

Makambani akaita sesakysteelkuramba tichipa zvigadzirwa zvesimbi isina ngura zvemhando yepamusoro zvinosangana nezvinodiwa pasi rose, zvichitsigira maindasitiri pasi rose nemhinduro dzakavimbika, dzinogara kwenguva refu, uye itsva.