Embonini yokucutshungulwa kwamakhemikhali, ukukhethwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo kungaphezu nje kwendaba yokusebenza—kuyindaba yokuphepha, ukuqina, kanye nokuphumelela kwezindleko. Izinto ezisetshenziswa kulo mkhakha kumele zimelaneamakhemikhali anolaka, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, izingcindezi eziphezulu, futhiizindawo ezonakalisayonsuku zonke. Lapha kulaphoinsimbi engagqwalikubonakala kuyisinqumo esingavamile.
Kodwa akuzona zonke izinsimbi ezingenasici ezenziwe zilingana. Ukukhetha ibanga elifanele kubalulekile ekuzuzeni impilo ende yesevisi, ukugwema ukwehluleka kwemishini, nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle. Kulesi sihloko, sihlola izici ezibalulekile zokukhetha insimbi engagqwali ekucutshungulweni kwamakhemikhali, amamaki avame kakhulu, kanye nezinzuzo zawo ezithile. Ilethwe kuwe ngui-saalloy, umlingani wakho omethembayo ezintweni zensimbi engagqwali ukuze zisebenze kahle ezimbonini.
Kungani Insimbi Engagqwali Ibalulekile Ekucubunguleni Amakhemikhali
Insimbi engagqwali inikeza inhlanganisela eyingqayiziveleukumelana nokugqwala, amandla, ukumelana nokushisa, nokuhlanzeka. Ukwakheka kwayo okunothe nge-chromium kwakha ungqimba lwe-passive oxide oluvikela indawo engaphezulu ekuhlaselweni kwamakhemikhali—ngisho nalapho kukhona ama-asidi aqinile, ama-alkali, nezincibilikisi.
Izinzuzo ezibalulekile zezindawo zamakhemikhali zihlanganisa:
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Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu ne-pitting kanye nokugqwala kwe-crevice
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Izakhiwo eziqinile zemishini emazingeni okushisa aphezulu naphansi
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Ukwenziwa kalula kanye nokushisela
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Ukugcinwa okuphansi nempilo ende yesevisi
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Ukuhambisana nezinhlelo zokuhlanzeka nokuhlanzeka endaweni (CIP).
At i-saalloy, sihlinzeka ngemikhiqizo yensimbi engagqwali yezinga lamakhemikhali ehlangabezana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezidingo eziqondene namakhasimende.
Izinto Okufanele Uzicabange Lapho Ukhetha Insimbi Engagqwali
Lapho ukhetha insimbi engagqwali yezicelo zamakhemikhali, onjiniyela kufanele bahlole:
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Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwemidiya yenqubo
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Ukugxila, izinga lokushisa, nokucindezela
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Uhlobo lokugqwala (isb., okuvamile, umgodi, ukuqhekeka kwengcindezi)
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Izidingo zokushisela kanye nokwenziwa
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Ukuhambisana nokulawula nokuhlanzeka
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Izindleko nokutholakala
Ukungafani phakathi kwemvelo nezinto ezibonakalayo kungaholelaukwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukuvalwa okumba eqolo, kanye nezingozi zokuphepha ezingaba khona.
Amabanga Ensimbi Engagqwali Avamile Okucubungula Amakhemikhali
1. 304 Insimbi Engagqwali
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Ukwakheka: 18% chromium, 8% nickel
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Izinzuzo: Ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle, ukonga
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Ukulinganiselwa: Ayilungele izindawo ezinothe nge-chloride
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Izinhlelo zokusebenza: Amathangi esitoreji, amapayipi, izisekelo zesakhiwo
I-304 isetshenziswa kabanzi kumishini yamakhemikhali yenhloso ejwayelekile, ikakhulukazi laphoama-acids amancanenoma izindawo ezingezona i-chloride zikhona.
2. 316 / 316L Insimbi Engagqwali
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Ukwakheka: 16% chromium, 10% nickel, 2% molybdenum
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Izinzuzo: Ukumelana okuthuthukisiwe kuma-chloride nasezindaweni ezine-asidi
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Izinhlelo zokusebenza: Ama-reactors, izishintshi zokushisa, ama-evaporator, ama-valve
316l ibeokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephansi, okwenza kube ngconoizicelo ezishiselwelapho ukugqwala emajoyintini kungaba yingozi.
3. 317L Insimbi Engagqwali
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Ukwakheka: I-molybdenum ephakeme kune-316L
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Izinzuzo: Ukumelana okuthuthukisiwe kui-chloride pitting kanye nokugqwala kwe-crevice
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Izinhlelo zokusebenza: I-Pulp ne-bleaching yephepha, ama-reactors amakhemikhali, ama-scrubbers
Uma i-316L isilela ezindaweni ezigqwalile kakhulu, i-317L inikezela ngesinyathelo esiyongayo sokuvikela.
4. 904L Insimbi Engagqwali
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Ukwakheka: I-nickel ephezulu kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-molybdenum
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Izinzuzo: Kuhle kakhuluizindawo eziqinile ze-asidikuhlanganise sulfuric, phosphoric, futhi acetic acid
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Izinhlelo zokusebenza: Izishintshi zokushisa, imishini yokukhetha, ukukhiqizwa kwe-asidi
I-904L imelana kokubili ejenti yokunciphisa kanye ne-oxidizing futhi isebenza kahle ngokumeleneabezindaba abanolakaemazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
5. I-Duplex Stainless Steels (isb, 2205, 2507)
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Ukwakheka: Isakhiwo esilinganiselwe se-austenitic-ferritic
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Izinzuzo: Amandla aphezulu, ukumelana okuhlei-stress corrosion cracking
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Izinhlelo zokusebenza: Imikhumbi yokucindezela, izishintshisi zokushisa, ukucutshungulwa kwe-offshore
Izinsimbi ezingenasici eziyi-Duplex zihlanganisa izici ezihamba phambili zezinsimbi ze-austenitic ne-ferritic, zizenze zilungele ukusetshenziswa okunokucindezeleka okuphezulu, okucebile nge-chloride.
6. I-Alloy 20 (UNS N08020)
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Izinzuzo: Idizayinelwe ngokuqondileukumelana ne-sulfuric acid
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Izinhlelo zokusebenza: Amathangi okugcina i-Acid, izinto zokucosha, ezokuthutha ngamakhemikhali
I-alloy 20 inikeza ukuvikelwa okuhle kakhulu kuizinqubo ze-acidic kanye ne-chloride-laden, ivamise ukusebenza ngokudlula i-316 kanye ne-904L ezindaweni ezine-sulfuric.
Izicelo Embonini Yamakhemikhali
Insimbi engagqwali isetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke izigaba zokucutshungulwa kwamakhemikhali, okuhlanganisa:
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Amathangi okugcina nemikhumbi yokucindezela
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Amakamelo okuxuba nokusabela
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Izishintshi zokushisa kanye nama-condenser
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Amapayipi nama-valve
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Amakholomu we-distillation nama-scrubbers
Ngenxa yemvelo yayo yenhlanzeko nengasebenzi, insimbi engagqwali nayo ilungeleezemithifuthiukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali ezinga lokudla.
Izinzuzo Zokukhetha Ibanga Elilungile
Ukukhetha izinga elifanele lensimbi engagqwali kuqinisekisa:
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Isikhathi sokuphumula esincishisiwe ngenxa yokugqwala noma ukwehluleka
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Izindleko zokunakekela eziphansi
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Impilo yemishini ende
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Ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe nokuhambisana
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Imbuyiselo engcono ekutshalweni kwezimali
At i-saalloy, ithimba lethu lezobuchwepheshe lisebenza namakhasimende ukuze lihlonze isisombululo sealloy esingabizi kakhulu esisekelwe ezimweni zangempela zokusebenza—hhayi nje amanani edatha yedatha.
Isiphetho
Embonini yokucubungula amakhemikhali, ukukhetha izinto kuyisinqumo esithinta ngqoukusebenza, ukuphepha, kanye nenzuzo. Ngokumelana kwayo nokugqwala okukhethekile, ukuzinza kokushisa, kanye nezakhiwo zemishini,insimbi engagqwali ihlala iyinto eyisisekeloezindaweni zamakhemikhali ezifunayo.
Noma ngabe ubhekene nama-acids, ama-chloride, ukushisa okuphezulu, noma ukucindezela,i-saalloyinikeza uhla oluphelele lwamabanga ensimbi engagqwali enzelwe ukusebenza kahle. Ukusuka ku-304 no-316L kuya ku-904L nama-alloys ayi-duplex,i-saalloyuzibophezele ekuletheni izinto ezisebenza lapho kubaluleke kakhulu—ngaphakathi kwenqubo yakho.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-25-2025