Kufunika kwa zitsulo zolimba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi kukupitirira kukwera, ndipo pakati pa zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu uinjiniya wa m'madzi ndiMapepala achitsulo a AH36, DH36, ndi EH36Magiredi awa amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga zinthu za m'nyanja, kupanga ma shell, ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri za m'nyanja komwe mphamvu, kulimba, ndi kulimba ndizofunikira. Popeza ogulitsa otsogola monga sakysteel amayang'ana kwambiri kupanga koyendetsedwa ndi khalidwe, kumvetsetsa njira zopangira zitsulozi kumapereka chidziwitso chakuya cha kudalirika kwawo ndi magwiridwe antchito awo.
Chiyambi cha Magiredi a Chitsulo a AH36, DH36, ndi EH36
AH36, DH36, ndi EH36 ndi a m'gulu la zitsulo zolimba kwambiri zomwe zimafotokozedwa m'magulu monga ABS, DNV, Lloyds, BV, ndi CCS. Ngakhale kuti ali ndi kapangidwe kofanana ka mankhwala ndi makhalidwe ofanana a makina, zofunikira pa kulimba kwawo zimasiyana kwambiri.
AH36 imaonetsa kulimba bwino pa 0°C, DH36 imafika pamlingo wapamwamba wa mphamvu yokoka pa -20°C, pomwe EH36 imapangidwa kuti igwire ntchito zovuta kwambiri pa -40°C. Kusinthaku kumapangitsa kuti zipangizozo zikhale zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'madzi osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo ma decks apakati, zomangamanga za sitima, ma cranes a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, zida zoyendetsera, ndi zida za pansi pa nyanja.
Gulu lililonse limapangidwa motsatira njira zokhwima zokhudzana ndi kupanga zitsulo, kukulunga, kutentha, ndi kuwunika komaliza kuti zikwaniritse miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi.
Kupanga Zitsulo ndi Gawo Loyeretsera
Njira yopangira imayamba ndi kupanga zitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapamwamba kwambiri zokhala ndi carbon, manganese, sulfure, ndi phosphorous yolamulidwa. Zipangizo zamakono zimagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa BOF kapena EAF wotsatiridwa ndi kuyeretsa kwachiwiri kuti zisinthe kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndikuchotsa zinyalala.
Njira zazikulu zoyeretsera zikuphatikizapo:
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Kuchotsa mpweya wa Argon kuti uwononge mpweya m'thupi
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Kusintha kwa ng'anjo ya ladle pazinthu zopangira alloying
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Kuchotsa mpweya m'malo otayira mpweya kuti muchepetse haidrojeni ndi nayitrogeni
Masitepe oyeretsera awa ndi ofunikira kuti chitsulocho chikhale ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kulimba kwabwino, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito za m'madzi.
Kuponya Kosalekeza ndi Kukonzekera Slab
Pambuyo poyenga, chitsulo chosungunukacho chimathiridwa mu makina oyenga mosalekeza. Chimamatira kukhala slabs zokhuthala bwino, nthawi zambiri pakati pa 150 mm ndi 250 mm. Slabs zimakonzedwa pamwamba kuti zichotse sikelo ndikuchotsa zolakwika pamwamba zomwe zingakhudze magwiridwe antchito ozungulira.
Kutenthetsanso kwa slab kumatsatira, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chitsulo chifike kutentha koyenera kuti chizitenthedwa. Gawoli limatsimikizira kapangidwe ka tirigu kofanana ndikukonzekeretsa zinthuzo kuti zisinthe mu mphero yozungulira.
Njira Yoyendetsera Moto ya AH36, DH36, ndi EH36
Kugubuduza ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri popanga mbale zachitsulo zomangira sitima. Slab imadutsa m'malo ozungulira ndi omalizira angapo kuti ikwaniritse makulidwe ndi m'lifupi mwake.
Ubwino waukulu wa hot rolling yolamulidwa ndi awa:
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Kumaliza bwino kwa pamwamba
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Mphamvu yamakina yowonjezera
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Kukhuthala kwa mbale yofanana
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Kukonza bwino tirigu
Kulamulira kutentha panthawi yozungulira ndikofunikira kwambiri. Ngati kuzunguliridwa kuli kotentha kwambiri, kukula kwa tirigu kungachepetse kulimba; kuzizira kwambiri, ndipo zinthuzo zitha kusweka. Ma schedule a AH36, DH36, ndi EH36 amakonzedwa bwino kuti agwirizane ndi mphamvu ndi kusinthasintha kwa zinthu.
Ukadaulo Woziziritsa Wolamulidwa
Pambuyo pozizira kwambiri, kuzizira kolamulidwa kumachita gawo lofunika kwambiri podziwa makhalidwe omaliza. Njira monga kuzizira kofulumira ndi kuzizira kwa madzi oyenda pansi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito powongolera liwiro lozizira.
Kuziziritsa kolamulidwa kumawonjezera:
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Kapangidwe kakang'ono kabwino
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Mphamvu yochuluka yokolola
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Kulimba kwamphamvu kofanana
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Kukaniza kwa kung'amba kwa lamellar bwino
Zitsulo zomangira sitima ziyenera kukhala ndi makhalidwe okhazikika pa mbale yonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuziziritsa kukhale chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga bwino.
Zosankha Zothandizira Kutentha: Normalizing, TMCP, ndi Quenching Tempering
Kutengera ndi zosowa za makasitomala ndi miyezo ya gulu la anthu, mbale za AH36, DH36, ndi EH36 zimatha kuchitidwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zotenthetsera.
Kusintha
Kukonzanso chitsulo kumaphatikizapo kutentha chitsulo pamwamba pa kutentha kwake kofunikira ndikuchiziziritsa mpweya kuti chikhale cholimba. Izi zimathandizira kulimba kwake komanso zimapangitsa kuti makinawo akhale ofanana.
TMCP (Njira Yoyendetsedwa ndi Ma Thermo Mechanical)
TMCP imaphatikiza kugwedezeka kolamulidwa ndi kuzizira kofulumira kuti ikhale ndi mphamvu zambiri popanda kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa aloyi. Imathandizanso kusinthasintha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma plate a TMCP azigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zombo zamakono.
Kuzimitsa ndi Kutenthetsa QT
Pa ntchito zomwe zimafuna mphamvu ndi kulimba kwambiri, ma QT plate amapangidwa ndi:
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Kutentha mpaka kutentha kowonjezereka
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Kuzimitsa madzi mwachangu
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Kutenthetsa kutentha kolamulidwa
Ma plate a EH36 omwe ali ndi zofunikira pakugwira ntchito molimbika nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi kuti atsimikizire kuti mphamvu zake sizikutha bwino m'malo otentha kwambiri.
Kulondola kwa Miyeso ndi Kulamulira Ubwino wa Pamwamba
Pa nthawi yonse yokonza ndi kutentha, njira zingapo zowongolera khalidwe zimaonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikugwirizana komanso zikutsatira malamulo, kuphatikizapo:
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Muyeso wokhazikika wa makulidwe
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Kuwunika kwa UT koyesa kosawononga
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Kuyeza kuuma
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Kuzindikira chilema pamwamba
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Kuyesa kwamakina malinga ndi miyezo
Opanga monga sakysteel amasunga njira zotsimikizira khalidwe kuti akwaniritse ziyembekezo za makampani opanga zombo padziko lonse lapansi komanso makampani opanga zombo zakunja.
Kapangidwe ka Makina Omwe Amapezeka Pambuyo pa Chithandizo
Ma plate achitsulo a AH36, DH36, ndi EH36 ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za gulu la anthu. Kapangidwe ka makina kameneka ndi:
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Mphamvu yotulutsa osachepera 355 MPa
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Mphamvu yokoka pakati pa 490 ndi 620 MPa
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Kutalikirana kwabwino kopindika ndi kupanga
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Kulimba kwambiri pa kutentha kofunikira
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Kutha kusweka bwino kwambiri ndi mpweya wochepa
Makhalidwe abwino amenewa amapezeka kudzera mu njira zabwino zoyendetsera ndi kutenthetsera.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito mu Uinjiniya wa Zam'madzi ndi Zakunja
Chifukwa cha kudalirika kwawo komanso kulimba kwawo, ma plate achitsulo awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapangidwe osiyanasiyana ofunikira:
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Ma sheti a sitima zazikulu zamalonda
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Ma pulatifomu akunja kwa nyanja ndi nyumba zothandizira
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Ma module a FPSO omwe ali pamwamba
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Zipangizo za pansi pa nyanja
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Miyendo yokwezeka ndi ma crane booms
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Zombo zophwanyira ayezi ndi zombo zozizira
Kuphatikiza kwawo kulimba, kusinthasintha, komanso kukana dzimbiri kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunikira kwambiri m'malo ovuta a m'nyanja.
Mapeto
Njira yopangira mbale zachitsulo za AH36, DH36, ndi EH36 imaphatikizapo ndondomeko yolondola yoyendetsera, njira zamakono zochizira kutentha, komanso kuwongolera bwino khalidwe. Gawo lililonse limathandizira kuti chitsulocho chikhale cholimba, cholimba, komanso chodalirika m'mikhalidwe yovuta ya m'nyanja. Kudzera mu kupanga zitsulo bwino komanso kukonza bwino, zitsulo zomangira zombozi zikupitilizabe kuthandizira mapulojekiti apadziko lonse lapansi a panyanja ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja.
Opanga zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri monga sakysteel amaonetsetsa kuti mbale iliyonse ikukwaniritsa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo opangira zombo azigwira ntchito bwino nthawi zonse.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-13-2025