Isidingo somhlaba wonke sensimbi yokwakha imikhumbi enamandla amakhulu siyaqhubeka nokukhula, futhi phakathi kwezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kwezobunjiniyela basolwandle kukhonaAmapuleti ensimbi e-AH36, DH36, kanye ne-EH36. Lawa mabanga adlala indima ebalulekile ezakhiweni zasogwini lolwandle, ekwakhiweni kwemikhumbi, kanye nezingxenye ezibalulekile zasolwandle lapho ukuqina, ukuqina, kanye nokuqina kubalulekile khona. Njengabahlinzeki abaphambili njenge-sakysteel bagxila ekukhiqizeni okuqhutshwa yikhwalithi, ukuqonda inqubo yokukhiqiza ngemuva kwalezi zinsimbi kunikeza ukuqonda okujulile ngokuthembeka kwazo kanye nokusebenza kwazo.
Isingeniso ku-AH36, DH36, kanye ne-EH36 Steel Grades
I-AH36, i-DH36, kanye ne-EH36 ziyingxenye yomndeni wensimbi yesakhiwo enamandla aphezulu echazwa yizinhlangano zokuhlela ezifana ne-ABS, i-DNV, i-Lloyds, i-BV, kanye ne-CCS. Nakuba zabelana ngokwakheka kwamakhemikhali okufanayo kanye nezakhiwo zemishini eziyisisekelo, izidingo zazo zokuqina komthelela zihluka kakhulu.
I-AH36 ibonisa ukuqina okuhle ku-0°C, i-DH36 ifinyelela amazinga aphezulu amandla omthelela ku--20°C, kuyilapho i-EH36 yenzelwe izimo ezidinga kakhulu ku--40°C. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kwenza izinto zifanelekele ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kwasolwandle, kufaka phakathi ama-mid deck, izakhiwo ze-hull, ama-crane asogwini, ama-jack-up rig, kanye nemishini yangaphansi kolwandle.
Uhlobo ngalunye lukhiqizwa ngokulandela izinqubo eziqinile ezihilela ukwenza insimbi, ukugoqa, ukwelashwa kokushisa, kanye nokuhlolwa kokugcina ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke.
Isiteji Sokwenza Insimbi Nokucwengisisa
Inqubo yokukhiqiza iqala ngokwenza insimbi kusetshenziswa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezinamazinga alawulwayo ekhabhoni, i-manganese, i-sulfur, ne-phosphorus. Izakhiwo zanamuhla zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-BOF noma be-EAF obulandelwa ukucwengisiswa kwesibili ukulungisa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali nokususa ukungcola.
Izinqubo ezibalulekile zokuhlanza zifaka:
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Ukususwa kwe-oksijini ye-Argon yokulawula i-carbon
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Ukulungiswa kwesithando seladi sezinto zokuhlanganisa
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Ukususa igesi nge-vacuum ukuze kuncishiswe i-hydrogen ne-nitrogen
Lezi zinyathelo zokucwenga zibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi insimbi ifinyelela kokubili amandla aphezulu kanye nokuqina okuhle kakhulu, okubalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwasolwandle.
Ukulungiselela Ukubumba Okuqhubekayo Nokubumba Amatshe
Ngemva kokucwengisiswa, insimbi encibilikisiwe ithululelwa emshinini wokubumba oqhubekayo. Iqina ibe ama-slab anobukhulu obulawulwayo, ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-150 mm no-250 mm. Ama-slab alungiswa ukuze asuse isikali futhi asuse amaphutha ebusweni angathinta ukusebenza kokugoqa.
Kulandela ukufudumala kabusha kweslab, okuvumela insimbi ukuthi ifinyelele izinga lokushisa elifanele lokugoqa okushisayo. Lesi sigaba siqinisekisa ukwakheka okusanhlamvu okufanayo futhi silungiselela izinto zokuguqulwa kwemishini yokugoqa.
Inqubo Yokugoqa Okushisayo ye-AH36, DH36, kanye ne-EH36
Ukugingqa okushisayo kungenye yezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni amapuleti ensimbi okwakha imikhumbi. I-slab idlula ezindaweni eziningi zokugoqa nokuqeda ukuze kufinyelelwe ubukhulu nobubanzi obudingekayo.
Izinzuzo ezibalulekile zokulawula i-hot rolling zifaka:
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Ukuqeda okuthuthukisiwe kobuso
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Amandla okusebenza athuthukisiwe
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Ubukhulu bepuleti obufanayo
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Ukuhluzwa okungcono kokusanhlamvu
Ukulawula izinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sokugoqa kubalulekile. Uma ukugoqa kushisa kakhulu, ukukhula kokusanhlamvu kunganciphisa ukuqina; kubanda kakhulu, futhi izinto zingase ziqhekeke. Amashejuli okugoqa e-AH36, DH36, kanye ne-EH36 alungiselelwe ngokucophelela ukuze alinganisele amandla kanye nokuguquguquka.
Ubuchwepheshe Bokupholisa Okulawulwayo
Ngemva kokugingqika okushisayo, ukupholisa okulawulwayo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni izakhiwo zokugcina. Amasu anjengokupholisa okusheshisiwe kanye nokupholisa ukugeleza kwe-laminar asetshenziswa ukulawula isivinini sokupholisa.
Ukupholisa okulawulwayo kuyathuthukisa:
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Isakhiwo esincane esinohlamvu oluhle
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Amandla aphezulu okukhiqiza
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Ukuqina komthelela ofanayo
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Ukumelana nokuklebhula kwe-lamellar okuthuthukisiwe
Insimbi yokwakha imikhumbi kumele igcine izakhiwo ezizinzile kulo lonke ipuleti, okwenza ukulawula ukupholisa kube yinto ebalulekile ekhwalithini yokukhiqiza.
Izinketho Zokwelapha Ukushisa: Ukulungisa Okujwayelekile, i-TMCP, kanye Nokucima Ukushisa
Kuye ngezidingo zamakhasimende kanye nezindinganiso zomphakathi zokuhlela, amapuleti e-AH36, DH36, kanye ne-EH36 angase adlule ezinqubweni ezahlukene zokwelashwa kokushisa.
Ukulungisa
Ukulungisa kuhilela ukushisa insimbi ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa layo elibalulekile kanye nokuyipholisa ngomoya ukuze kulungiswe isakhiwo sezinhlamvu. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukuqina futhi kwenze izakhiwo zemishini zibe zifanayo.
I-TMCP (Inqubo Elawulwa Yimishini Ye-Thermo)
I-TMCP ihlanganisa ukugoqa okulawulwayo nokupholisa okusheshayo ukuze kutholakale amandla aphezulu ngaphandle kokwengeza okuqukethwe kwe-alloy okweqile. Iphinde ithuthukise ukushibilika, okwenza amapuleti e-TMCP asetshenziswe kabanzi ekwakheni imikhumbi yesimanje.
Ukucima Nokushisa i-QT
Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga amandla nokuqina okuphezulu, amapuleti e-QT akhiqizwa yi:
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Ukushisa kuze kufike ekushiseni okuqinisayo
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Ukucima amanzi ngokushesha
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Ukushisa emazingeni okushisa alawulwayo
Amapuleti e-EH36 anezidingo zokusebenza ezidingayo avame ukusebenzisa le nqubo ukuqinisekisa ukumelana okuphezulu komthelela ezindaweni eziphansi zokushisa.
Ukunemba Okulinganiselwe kanye Nokulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Yomphezulu
Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokugoqa nokushisa, izinyathelo eziningana zokulawula ikhwalithi ziqinisekisa ukuhambisana nokuhambisana, okuhlanganisa:
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Ukulinganisa ukujiya okuzenzakalelayo
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Ukuhlolwa kwe-UT okungekhona okonakalisayo
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Ukulinganisa ubulukhuni
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Ukutholwa kwesici somphezulu
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Ukuhlolwa kwemishini ngokwezindinganiso
Abakhiqizi abanjengo-sakysteel bagcina izinhlelo zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi eziqinile ukuze bahlangabezane nokulindelwe yizindawo zokukhiqiza imikhumbi zomhlaba wonke kanye nezinkampani zobunjiniyela basogwini.
Izakhiwo Zemishini Ezitholwe Ngemva Kokwelashwa
Amapuleti ensimbi e-AH36, DH36, kanye ne-EH36 kumele ahlangabezane nezimfuneko zomphakathi wokuhlukaniswa. Izakhiwo ezijwayelekile zemishini zifaka:
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Amandla okukhiqiza okungenani angu-355 MPa
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Amandla okunamathela aphakathi kuka-490 kuya ku-620 MPa
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Ukwelulwa okuhle kokugoba nokwakha
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Ukuqina komthelela ophezulu emazingeni okushisa adingekayo
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Ukushibilika okuhle kakhulu okunokulingana okuphansi kwekhabhoni
Lezi zici zokusebenza zitholakala ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokulungisa ukugoqa nokushisa.
Izicelo Zobunjiniyela Basemanzini Nase-Offshore
Ngenxa yokuthembeka kwawo kanye namandla awo, la mapuleti ensimbi asetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezakhiwo ezibalulekile:
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Amapuleti e-Hull emikhumbi emikhulu yezentengiselwano
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Amadekhi epulatifomu asogwini kanye nezakhiwo zokusekela
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Amamojula aphezulu e-FPSO
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Imishini yangaphansi kolwandle
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Imilenze ye-Jack up kanye ne-crane booms
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Imikhumbi ephula iqhwa kanye nemikhumbi yesimo sezulu esibandayo
Inhlanganisela yazo yokuqina, ukushibilika, kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kuzenza zibe semqoka ezindaweni zasolwandle ezidinga kakhulu.
Isiphetho
Inqubo yokukhiqiza amapuleti ensimbi e-AH36, DH36, kanye ne-EH36 ihilela amashejuli okugoqa anembile, izindlela zokwelapha ukushisa ezithuthukisiwe, kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile. Isigaba ngasinye sinikeza amandla ensimbi, ukuqina, kanye nokuthembeka kwayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima zasolwandle. Ngokwenza insimbi ethuthukisiwe kanye nokucubungula okulawulwayo, lezi zinsimbi zokwakha imikhumbi ziyaqhubeka nokusekela amaphrojekthi omhlaba wonke olwandle kanye nolwandle.
Abakhiqizi abasezingeni eliphezulu njenge-sakysteel baqinisekisa ukuthi yonke ipuleti ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke, okuletha ukusebenza okulinganayo kwezindawo zokukhiqiza imikhumbi emhlabeni jikelele.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-13-2025