Maitiro Ekubvisa Chisimbiso

Simbi isina ngura inozivikanwa zvikuru nekuda kwekudzivirira kwayo ngura, kusimba kwayo, uye kugara kwenguva refu. Asi kunyange simbi isina ngura yepamusoro-soro inogona kubatsirwa nekurapwa kwepamusoro kunonzikusava nehanyaKana uri kushamisikanzira yekubvisa tsvina isina chinhu, chinyorwa chino chichakutungamirira pane zvese zvaunoda kuziva—kubva pane kuti kunonoka chii, kusvika pakuti nei kuchikosha, uye nhanho nhanho mirairo yekuti ungazviita sei nemazvo.

Gwaro iri rinounzwa kwamuri nasakysteel, mutengesi wepasi rose wezvigadzirwa zvesimbi isingatsvi, anopa rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi nezvinhu zvepamusoro kumaindasitiri pasi rese.

Chii chinonzi Passivation?

Kunzwa kusuruvarainzira yemakemikari inobvisa simbi isina tsvina nezvimwe zvinosvibisa pamusoro pesimbi isingatsvi uye inokurudzira kuumbwa kwechikamu chidiki, chinodzivirira cheoxide. Chikamu ichi cheoxide—kunyanya chromium oxide—chinoshanda sechidziviriro kubva mukuora nengura.

Kunyange zvazvo simbi isingasvibi simbi inoumba jira iri pachisikigo kana rakaiswa mumhepo, maitiro ekuisa simbi iyi pasi anorisimudzira uye anoridzikamisa, kunyanya mushure memaitiro ekugadzira akadai sekugadzira, kusanganisa, kukuya, kana kupisa.

Nei Kusada Kuchikosha

Kuisa simba muchinhu chimwe chete hakusi kungoda kusarudzwa—kwakakosha mumaindasitiri mazhinji anoda kuchena kwakanyanya, kuramba ngura, uye kugara kwenguva refu.

Mabhenefiti ekushandisa simbi isina tsvina anosanganisira:

• Kudzivirira ngura kwakavandudzwa

• Kubviswa kwezvidimbu zvesimbi zvakaputirwa

• Kubviswa kwekusvibiswa pamusoro

• Kutaridzika kwepamusoro kwakasimbiswa

• Hupenyu hwebasa hwakareba munzvimbo dzakaoma

sakysteelinokurudzira kushandisa passivation kunyanya kune zvinhu zvisina ngura zvinoshandiswa muindasitiri dzemugungwa, dzemishonga, dzemhando yepamusoro yechikafu, uye dzekugadzira makemikari.

Ndirini Paunofanira Kubvisa Simbi Isina Kushanda?

Kuisa pasi kunofanirwa kufungwa nezvako mushure mekuita chero kupi zvako kunogona kuburitsa kana kusvibisa pamusoro pesimbi isina ngura:

• Kugadzira kana kucheka

• Kushongedza kana kushongedza

• Kubvisa kana kubvisa ganda

• Kukuya kana kupukuta

• Kubata nemidziyo yesimbi yekabhoni

• Kusangana nezvinhu zvinosvibisa kana nzvimbo dzine chloride

Kana zvikamu zvako zvisina ngura zvikaratidza zviratidzo zvekusachinja ruvara, kusvibiswa, kana kudzikira kwekurapwa kwengura, inguva yekufunga nezvekusachinja ruvara.

Ndeapi Magiredhi eSimbi Isina Kusimba Anogona Kupfuudzwa?

Magiredhi mazhinji esimbi isina ngura anogona kushandiswa pasina kupiswa, asi mhedzisiro yacho inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nesimbi iri mu alloy.

sakysteelinopa gwara rekusarudza zvinhu zvinobatsira vatengi kusarudza mhando dzisina ngura dzinoshanda zvakanaka uye dzinoshanda zvakanaka munzvimbo dzine ngura.

Maitiro Ekubvisa Simbi Isina Kushanda: Maitiro Ekuita Nhanho Nenhanho

Kune mhando mbiri huru dzezvinhu zvinoshandisa passivation agents muindasitiri:

• Yakavakirwa paNitric acidmhinduro

• Yakavakirwa paCitric acidmhinduro (dzine hushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza)

Heino pfupiso yemaitiro epassivation:

Danho 1: Chenesa Pamusoro

Kuchenesa kwakakosha usati waisa chinhu passive. Tsvina, mafuta, mafuta, kana zvasara zvinogona kukanganisa makemikari.

Nzira dzekuchenesa dzinosanganisira:

• Mishonga yekuchenesa ine alkaline

• Zvidzikisira mafuta

• Mhinduro dzemaseseji

• Kuchenesa kweUltrasonic (kwezvikamu zvidiki)

Shamba nemvura yakachena woomesa kana zvichidikanwa.

Danho rechipiri: Bvisa chikero kana kuti bvisa ganda (kana zvichidikanwa)

Kana pamusoro pesimbi isina ngura paine saizi yakakura, maokisijeni esimbi, kana kuti ruvara rwayo rwachinja, ita basa rekuitakusvinamaitiro asati aita passivation.

Kubvisa pickling:

• Zvidimbu zveOxide

• Kuchinja kweruvara rweweld

• Kupisa kwemavara

Kusvina kunowanzoitwa neasidhi yakasimba senge nitric-hydrofluoric acid kana pickling paste. Mushure mekusvina, sukurudza zvakanaka usati waenderera mberi nekufema.

Danho rechitatu: Shandisa Mhinduro yePassivation

Nyika chikamu chacheneswa mubhavhu repasi kana kuisa mushonga wacho nemaoko.

Nzira yeNitric acid:

• Kuwanda: 20–25% nitric acid

• Tembiricha: 50–70°C

• Nguva: maminetsi makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu

Nzira yekushandiswa kweCitric acid:

• Kuwanda: 4–10% citric acid

• Tembiricha: 40–60°C

• Nguva: maminetsi makumi matatu kusvika makumi matanhatu

Shandisa nguva dzosemidziyo yepurasitiki kana yesimbi isina ngurakudzivirira kusvibiswa panguva yekunyudzwa mumvura.

Danho rechina: Shamba Zvakakwana

Mushure menguva inodiwa mubhavhu rekushambira, sukurudza chikamu chacho nemvura yakasvibiswa kana kuti yakasanganiswaMvura yepombi inogona kusiya zvicherwa kana tsvina.

Iva nechokwadi chekuti zvese zvakasara zveasidhi zvabviswa zvachose.

Danho rechishanu: Omesa Pamusoro

Omesa uchishandisa mhepo yakamanikidzwa kana machira akachena. Dzivisa kusvibiswa kubva kumidziyo yesimbi yekabhoni kana machira akasviba.

Pakushandisa zvakakosha (semuenzaniso, mishonga kana mishonga), zvikamu zvinogona kuomeswa muimba yakachena kana mukamuri rinopinda naro.

Sarudzo: Edza Pamusoro

Zvikamu zvisina kupiswa zvinogona kuyedzwa uchishandisa:

• Kuedzwa kweCopper sulfate(ASTM A967): Inoona simbi isina chinhu

• Kuedzwa kwekamuri rine hunyoro hwakawanda: Inoisa zvikamu munzvimbo dzine hunyoro kuti ione kana ngura isingapindi

• Kuedzwa kwekunyudzwa mumvura kana kupfapfaidzwa nemunyu: Kuti uwane mamwe maitiro ekugadzirisa ngura

sakysteelinoshandisa zviyero zveASTM A967 neA380 kuti isimbise kunaka kwepasi uye ive nechokwadi chekudzivirira ngura kwakakodzera.

Mazano Ekuchengetedza Ekuita Passivation

• Pfekai zvinhu zvinodzivirira nguva dzose: magirovhosi, magogorosi, epuroni

• Shanda munzvimbo ine mhepo inofefetera zvakanaka

• Bvisa maasidhi uye rasa zvinoenderana nemitemo yemuno

• Dzivisa kushandisa mabhurashi esimbi kana zvishandiso zvinogona kudzoreredza tsvina

• Chengeta zvikamu zvisina kupiswa munzvimbo dzakachena, dzakaoma

Zvishandiso Zvinoda Simbi Isina Kushandiswa

Passivation inokosha kune zvikamu zvinoshandiswa mu:

• Midziyo yekugadzirisa chikafu nezvinwiwa

• Michina yekurapa nemishonga

• Zvivakwa zvemuchadenga nendege

• Zvirimwa zvemakemikari nemafuta

• Kugadzira semiconductor

• Kuiswa kwezvikepe zvemugungwa nekunze kwenyika

sakysteelinopa zvigadzirwa zvesimbi isingatsvinda zvinogadzirira kupfachukira kune zvese zviri pamusoro apa, zvichitsigirwa nekutevedza zvinhu uye zvitupa zvemhando yepamusoro.

Dzimwe Nzira uye Kurapa Kwakabatana Nepamusoro

Pamusoro pekusaita zvinhu zvisina basa, mamwe mapurojekiti anogona kubatsirwa ne:

• Kupukuta nemagetsi:Inobvisa ganda rakatetepa kuti ripedzise zvakanaka uye zvakatsetseka

• Kukwesha kwemuchina:Inowedzera kupenya kwepadenga uye inobvisa kusvibiswa

• Kusakura:Yakasimba kupfuura passivation, inoshandiswa kuchenesa welds uye scaling

• Kupfeka kwekudzivirira:Epoxy, Teflon, kana ceramic coatings kuti igare kwenguva refu

Bvunzasakysteelkuti uone mushonga wakanakisa wekushandisa mushure mekugadzira simbi isina ngura.

Mhedziso: Maitiro Ekubvisa Simbi Isina Kushanda Kuti Ishande Zvakanyanya

Kuisa simbi isina tsvina mupurasitiki inzira inokosha yekupedzisa iyo inowedzera kuramba kwesimbi isina tsvina nekuchenesa nemakemikari uye kudzoreredza chromium oxide layer yayo inodzivirira. Ungave uchishanda muindasitiri yezvekudya, kugadzira mishonga, kana kugadzira zvinhu zvemugungwa, kuisa simbi isina tsvina mupurasitiki kunoita kuti ishande zvakanaka munzvimbo dzakaoma.

Kana simbi isingatsvi, ikacheneswa zvakanaka, ikanyudzwa, ikasukwa, uye ikaedzwa, inogona kugara kwenguva refu uye kuramba ngura. Uye nerutsigiro rwemutengesi akavimbika akaita sesakysteel, unogona kuva nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu zvako zvisina ngura zvagadziriswa zvakanaka uye zvagadzirira kushandiswa.