Zvivako zvemagetsi enyukireya zviri pakati pezvivakwa zveinjiniya zvinonyanya kudiwa pasi rose, uko kuchengetedzeka, kugara kwenguva refu, uye kuvimbika kwezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe, kubva mumudziyo wereactor kusvika kumasisitimu emvura inotonhorera, chinofanira kugadzirwa kuti chigone kumira mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma kwemakumi emakore ekushanda. Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha isystem yemvura inotonhorera, iyo inoda zvinhu zvinodzivisa ngura, zvinotsungirira kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, uye zvinochengetedza hunhu hwemakanika. Mubvunzo unowanzo buda muindasitiri:Sei simbi isina tsvina yemhando mbiri ichishandiswa mugadziriro yemvura inotonhorera yezviteshi zvemagetsi enyukireya?
Chinyorwa chino chinoongorora zvikonzero zvesarudzo iyi, chichitaura nezvehunhu hwezvinhu, kuramba ngura, zvakanakira hupfumi, uye basa rayo mukuchengetedza nyukireya.
Kukosha kweSisitimu yeMvura Inotonhodza
Sisitimu yemvura inotonhorera muchiteshi chemagetsi enyukireya inoita basa guru mukufambisa kupisa kubva pakati pereactor kuenda kune nharaunda yekunze, zvichiita kuti reactor ishande mukati memiganhu yekupisa yakachengeteka.
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Basa guru:Bvisa kupisa kwakanyanya uye chengetedza kushanda zvakanaka.
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Nzvimbo yekushanda:Inowanikwa mumvura yegungwa, mvura ine munyu, kana mvura yakacheneswa zvichienderana nenzvimbo yemuti.
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Matambudziko:Kugara uchisangana nenzvimbo dzine chloride yakawanda, tembiricha dzichichinja-chinja, uye mwero wekuyerera kwemvura wakakwira.
Zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu aya, kusarudza zvinhu kwakakosha. Simbi dzekabhoni dzakajairika kana simbi dzechinyakare dzisingapisi dzinogona kushaya simba rinodiwa, zvichikonzera ngura, kubuda kwemvura, kana kutadza kushanda kwesystem.
Chii chinonzi Duplex Stainless Steel?
Simbi isina ngura mbiri imhuri yesimbi dzisina ngura dzinemagadzirirwo ezvikamu zviviriine huwandu hunenge hwakaenzana hwe austenite ne ferrite. Chimiro ichi chakasiyana chinopa musanganiswa wezvinhu zvinopfuura simbi dzechinyakare dzisina ngura.
Hunhu Hukuru hweSimbi Isina Kugadzirwa neDuplex:
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Simba guru:Simba rinosvika kaviri pane simbi dzisina kusimba dze austenitic.
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Kudzivirira ngura kwakanyanya:Kunyanya kurwisa corrosion stress chloride.
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Kugona kusundira zvakanaka uye kusimba:Yakakodzera kushandiswa kukuru kwezvivakwa.
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Kubatanidza zvinhu zvinodhura zvishoma:Inoda nickel shoma kana tichienzanisa neaustenitic grades chaiyo.
Nei Duplex Stainless Steel Inoshandiswa MuNyukireya Inotonhodza Mvura
1. Kuramba Kuora Kunokonzerwa neChloride
Masisitimu emvura inotonhorera mumafekitori enyukireya anowanzo shandisa mvura yegungwa, ine huwandu hwakawanda hwemachloride. Simbi dzisingatsvedzeri dzeAustenitic dzakadai se304 kana 316 dzinogona kubatwa nengura kana kutsemuka munzvimbo dzakadaro. Simbi isingatsvedzeri mbiri, ine huwandu hwakawanda hwechromium, molybdenum, uye nitrogen, inopa simba rakasimba.
2. Kudzivirira Kutsemuka Kweganda Nekuora
Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinonetsa muhurongwa hwekutonhodza hwenyukireya ndechekutikupwanya kwe chloride stress corrosion (SCC)Simbi dzisina ngura mbiri hadzina kunyanya kubatwa neSCC zvichienzaniswa neaustenitic grades, zvichiita kuti dzive dzakavimbika kwenguva refu.
3. Simba reMichina uye Kugara kwenguva refu
Simba guru resimbi isina tsvina mbiri rinobvumira zvikamu zvakatetepa zvemadziro mumapombi nezvivakwa, zvichideredza kushandiswa kwezvinhu pasina kukanganisa kuchengetedzeka. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera zvakanyanya kuiswa kwezviteshi zvikuru zvenyukireya.
4. Mabhenefiti Ehupfumi
Kunyangwe simbi isina tsvina mbiri ichidhura kupfuura simbi yekabhoni, inodhura zvishoma pane hupenyu hwechigadzirwa chemagetsi enyukireya. Mari shoma yekugadzirisa, kutsiva kushoma, uye hupenyu hwebasa hurefu zvinoita kuti pave nekuchengetedza mari yakawanda.
5. Kutevedzera Mutemo weKuchengetedza Nyukliya
Mitemo yepasi rose uye mitemo yenyukireya inowanzo kurudzira kana kurayira simbi isina tsvina ine duplex mumasisitimu emvura inotonhorera nekuda kwekuvimbika kwayo uye kuchengetedzeka kwayo.
Magiredhi eStainless Steel akajairika muNyukireya
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2205 (UNS S32205 / S31803):Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakuisa mapaipi uye pakuisa zvinhu zvinopisa.
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2507 (UNS S32750):Super duplex grade inopa simba rekudzivirira ngura mumvura yegungwa.
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Magiredhi eDuplex asina kusimba:Inoshandiswa munzvimbo dzisina mamiriro ekunze akasimba, zvichiita kuti pave nekushandisa mari shoma.
Magiredhi aya anosarudzwa nokungwarira zvichienderana nemhando chaiyo yemvura uye mashandisirwo echirimwa.
Kuenzanisa Nezvimwe Zvishandiso
| Pfuma/Zvinhu | Simbi yeKabhoni | Simbi Isina Kugayiwa yeAustenitic (316L) | Simbi Isina Kusimba Duplex |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kuramba Kuora | Murombo | Zviri pakati nepakati mumvura yakachena, zvisina kunaka mumvura yegungwa | Zvakanaka kwazvo, kunyanya mumvura yegungwa |
| Kupwanya Kwepfungwa | Njodzi huru | Njodzi huru | Njodzi yakaderera zvikuru |
| Simba | Zvakaderera | Zviri pakati nepakati | Yakakwirira (yakasimba kaviri) |
| Mutengo wehupenyu hwese | Kugadzirisa kwakaderera, kugadzirisa kwakanyanya | Mari yekutsiva iri pakati nepakati, inodhura zvakanyanya | Mutengo wakakwira wepamberi, wakaderera kwenguva refu |
Tafura iyi inoratidza kuti nei simbi dzisina ngura mbiri dziri sarudzo yepamusoro muhurongwa hwekutonhodza hwenyukireya.
Mienzaniso yeMaindasitiri
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Zvivakwa zvenyukireya zveEuropevakashandisa simbi dzisina ngura dzakawanda dzinoshandiswa pakupinza mvura yegungwa uye pakuburitsa mvura mumapaipi, zvichiita kuti hupenyu hwebasa huwedzere kwemakumi emakore.
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Zviteshi zvemagetsi zvenyukireya zvekuAsiadziri pedyo nenzvimbo dziri kumahombekombe dzakatsiva simbi isingasvibi ye316L ne2205 duplex nekuda kwekukundikana kwekuisa maburi panguva isati yakwana.
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Nzvimbo dzenyukireya dzekuAmericatevedzera mitemo yeASME neASTM inokurudzira simbi dzisina ngura mbiri munzvimbo dzine mvura inodziya.
Mabhenefiti ekushandisa Duplex Stainless Steel muNuclear Plants
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Nguva refu yekushanda kwemasisitimu ekutonhodza.
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Kuderedzwa kwenguva yekushanda uye kugadzirisa.
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Kuwedzera kwemiganhu yekuchengetedza nekuda kwekusagona kupatsanurwa.
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Kuvandudza kuchengetedzeka kwezvinhu nekuderedza kushandiswa kwezvinhu uye kutsiva zvinhu.
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Kutevedzera mitemo yekuchengetedzwa kwenyika dzese.
Matambudziko uye Zvaunofanira Kufunga Nezvedu
Pasinei nezvakanakira zvayo, simbi isina tsvina yemhando mbiri inoda kubatwa nemazvo:
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Kudzora tambo dzesimbi:Kupinza kupisa kunofanirwa kutarisirwa kuchengetedza duplex microstructure.
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Unyanzvi hwekugadzira:Ruzivo rwakakosha runodiwa pakuumba nekubatanidza.
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Mari yakaenzana:Kunyange zvazvo kuchengetedza kwenguva refu kuri pachena, mari yekutanga yakakwira kana tichienzanisa nesimbi dzekabhoni.
Basa reVatengesi Vakavimbika
Pakushandisa zvombo zvenyukireya, kutsvaga zvinhu kubva kune vatengesi vakavimbika uye vane magwaro akakodzera kwakakosha. Makambani akaita seayasakysteelipai simbi dzisina ngura mbiri dzinosangana nezvinodiwa zvepasi rose, zvichiita kuti pave nekuchengetedzeka kwepamusoro uye kushanda zvakanaka. Nekusarudzasakysteel, vashandi venyukireya vanogona kuchengetedza vimbiso yemhando yepamusoro uye kuvimbika kwenguva refu muzvirongwa zvekutonhodza zvakakosha.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa
1. Simbi isina ngura mbiri iri nani here pane 316L mumvura yegungwa?
Ehe, simbi dzisina ngura mbiri dzinopfuura 316L mumvura yegungwa nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwakanyanya pakupwanyika kwegomba uye kuputika kwengura.
2. Simbi yekabhoni inogona kushandiswa here mumidziyo yemvura inotonhorera yenyukireya?
Kazhinji kwete, sezvo inokurumidza kuora mumvura yegungwa uye inoda kuputirwa kwakawanda.
3. Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pesimbi isina ngura ine duplex nesimbi isina ngura ine super duplex?
Super duplex ine chromium yakawanda uye molybdenum, zvichipa simba guru rekudzivirira ngura munzvimbo dzine hukasha.
4. Simbi isina ngura mbiri inoderedza here mitengo yemiti yese?
Ehe, kuburikidza nekugara kwenguva refu kwekushanda uye kushoma kwekugadzirisa, kunyangwe mitengo yekutanga yakakwira.
Mhedziso
Saka,Sei simbi isina tsvina yemhando mbiri ichishandiswa mugadziriro yemvura inotonhorera yezviteshi zvemagetsi enyukireya?Mhinduro iri muKudzivirira chloride corrosion zvakanyanya, kudzivirira stress corrosion cracking, simba rayo guru, uye kushanda kwayo kwenguva refu.Kushanda kwayo kwakaratidzwa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma zvikuru kunoita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha pakugadzirisa ma nucleus pasi rose.
Sezvo kudiwa kwesimba rakavimbika uye rakachengeteka kuri kuwedzera, simbi dzisina ngura mbiri dzicharamba dzichiita basa guru mukuona kuti zviteshi zvesimba renyukireya zvinoshanda zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira. Nerutsigiro rwevatengesi vane ruzivo vakaita sesakysteel, maindasitiri anogona kuchengetedza chivimbo mukusimba uye kuchengetedzeka kwezvivakwa zvavo zvakakosha.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-22-2025