Umthwalo woVavanyo lweeMfuno zeNtsontelo yeNtsontelo yeNtsimbi engagqwali

IsiKhokelo esiGqibeleleyo soKhuseleko, iMigangatho, kunye nokuThotyelwa kwezicelo zoShishino

Intambo yocingo lwentsimbi engenastainless licandelo elibalulekileyo ekuthwaleni umthwalo kunye neenkqubo zoxinzelelo kuwo wonke amashishini amaninzi-ukususela kulwakhiwo kunye nezicelo zaselwandle ukuya kwizinyusi kunye nokunyuswa phezulu. Enye into ebalulekileyo eqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokukhuselekileyo nangempumelelouvavanyo lomthwalo.

Eli nqaku liphonononga iiimfuno zovavanyo lomthwalo weintambo yentsimbi engenasici, eziquka iintlobo zovavanyo, imigangatho, amaxesha amaninzi, amaxwebhu, kunye nokuthotyelwa kweshishini elithile. Nokuba ungunokontraka okhubayo, injineli yeprojekthi, okanye uchwephesha wokuthenga, ukuqonda iiprothokholi ezifanelekileyo zovavanyo kubalulekile ekugcineni ukhuseleko nokuthembeka.

Kwabo bafuna intambo yocingo yentsimbi engenaziphene eqinisekisiweyo, esebenza kakhulu,sakysteelinikeza iimveliso ezivavanyiweyo nezinokulandeleka ezihlangabezana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe yokhuseleko nokusebenza.

Yintoni Uvavanyo Lomthwalo?

Uvavanyo lomthwaloyinkqubo yokusebenzisa amandla alawulwayo kwintambo yensimbi engenasici ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezilindelekileyo. Uvavanyo luvavanya:

• Ukuqhawula umthwalo(Amandla okuqina okugqibelela)

• Umda woMthwalo wokuSebenza (WLL)

• Ukuguqulwa kwe-elastic

• Ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto zokhuseleko

• Ukuvelisa iziphene okanye iziphene

Uvavanyo lomthwalo luqinisekisa ukuba intambo yocingo inokwenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwizicelo zehlabathi zangempela ngaphandle kokusilela.

Kutheni Lubalulekile uvavanyo lomthwalo?

Ukungaphumeleli kwentambo yocingo kwinkonzo kunokubangela:

• Ukwenzakala okanye ukufa

• Umonakalo wezixhobo

• Ubutyala bomthetho

• Ixesha lokuphumla lokusebenza

Ke ngoko, uvavanyo lomthwalo olungqongqo lubalulekile:

• Qinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso

• Ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zolawulo kunye ne-inshurensi

• Qinisekisa abaxumi ngokuthembeka kwenkqubo

• Gcina ukhuseleko lwesakhiwo kunye nokuthwala umthwalo

sakysteelinikeza iintsontelo zentsimbi engenasicikuvavanywa umthwalo wefektrikwaye sikhatshwa nguizatifikethi zovavanyo lokusilaukuze kulandeleke ngokupheleleyo.

ImiGaqo engundoqo kuVavanyo loMlayisho

Ngaphambi kokuba ungene kwiinkqubo zovavanyo, kubalulekile ukuqonda amagama abalulekileyo:

• Ukophuka Amandla (BS): Awona mandla makhulu anokumelana nentambo phambi kokugqabhuka.

• Umda woMthwalo wokuSebenza (WLL): Ubuninzi bomthwalo omele usetyenziswe ngexesha lemisebenzi yesiqhelo-ngokuqhelekileyo1/5 ukuya ku-1/12yamandla okuqhawula, kuxhomekeke kwisicelo.

• Umthwalo wobungqina: Amandla okuvavanya angonakalisi, ngokuqhelekileyo abekwe50% ukuya kuma-80%womthwalo omncinci wokuqhawuka, osetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ingqibelelo ngaphandle kokonakalisa intambo.

IMigangatho eSebenzayo yoVavanyo lomthwalo

Imigangatho emininzi yehlabathi ichaza ukuba njaniintambo yentsimbi engenasicikufuneka ivavanywe. Ezinye ziquka:

• EN 12385-1: Umgangatho waseYurophu wokhuseleko lwentambo yentsimbi kunye novavanyo

• ISO 3108: Iindlela zokumisela ukophula amandla

• I-ASTM A1023/A1023M: Umgangatho waseMelika wokuvavanya oomatshini

• ASME B30.9: Umgangatho wokhuseleko wase-US kwizilingi kuquka intambo yocingo

• Irejista kaLloyd / DNV / ABS: Amaqumrhu okuhlelwa kolwandle kunye nolwandle kunye neeprothokholi ezithile zovavanyo

sakysteelithobela imigangatho yovavanyo yamazwe ngamazwe kwaye inokubonelela ngeentambo ngezatifikethi ezivela kwi-ABS, i-DNV, kunye nabahloli beqela lesithathu njengoko kufuneka.

Iindidi zoVavanyo loMthwalo weNtsontelo yeNtsontelo yeNtsimbi engagqwali

1. Uvavanyo olutshabalalisayo (uVavanyo lokuqhawula umthwalo)

Olu vavanyo lumisela eyona ntoukophuka amandlayesampulu ngokuyitsala de ukusilela. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa kwiisampuli zeprototype okanye ngexesha lophuhliso lwemveliso.

2. Uvavanyo lomthwalo wobungqina

Olu vavanyo lungonakalisi luqinisekisa ukusebenza phantsi komthwalo ngaphandle kokugqithisa umda we-elastic wentambo. Iqinisekisa ukuba akukho kutyibilika, ukwanda, okanye iziphene ezenzekayo.

3. Cyclic Load Testing

Iintambo ziphantsi komjikelezo ophindaphindiweyo womthwalo kunye nokukhulula ukuvavanya ukuxhathisa ukukhathala. Oku kubalulekile kwiintambo ezisetyenziswa kwi-elevators, cranes, okanye nayiphi na inkqubo yomthwalo oguqukayo.

4. UHlolo oluBonakalayo kunye noluPhakathi

Ngelixa ingelulo “uvavanyo lomthwalo,” oku kuhlala kwenziwa ecaleni kovavanyo lobungqina bokubona iziphene zomhlaba, iingcingo ezaphukileyo, okanye ukungangqinelani kolungelelwaniso lwentambo.

Ukuphindaphindwa koVavanyo lomthwalo

Iimfuno zovavanyo lomthwalo ziyahluka ngokweshishini kunye nesicelo:

Intambo esetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko kufuneka nayo ibe njaloiphinde yavavanywa emva kwayo nayiphi na into ekrokrelekayo yokugcwala okanye umonakalo womatshini.

Izinto ezichaphazela iziphumo zovavanyo lomthwalo

Iinguqu ezininzi zinokuchaphazela indlela aintambo yentsimbi engenasiciyenza phantsi kovavanyo lomthwalo:

• Ukwakhiwa kweentambo(umzekelo, 7×7 vs 7×19 vs 6×36)

• Ibakala lezinto eziphathekayo(304 vs 316 intsimbi engatyiwayo)

• Ukuthambisa kunye nomhlwa

• Ukuphelisa ukupheliswa (i-swaged, i-socketed, njl.)

• Ukugoba izithungu okanye iipuli

• Iqondo lobushushu kunye nokuvezwa kokusingqongileyo

Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukwenza iimvavanyo usebenzisaiisampulu zentambo zokwenyani zikwimeko efanayo kunye noqwalaselonjengoko ziya kusetyenziswa kwinkonzo.

Layisha Amaxwebhu oVavanyo

Uvavanyo olufanelekileyo lomthwalo kufuneka lubandakanye:

• Iinkcukacha zomenzi

• Uhlobo lwentambo kunye nokwakhiwa

• Ububanzi kunye nobude

• Uhlobo lovavanyo kunye nenkqubo

• Umthwalo wobungqina okanye umthwalo wokuqhawuka uphunyeziwe

• Iziphumo zokupasa/ukungaphumeleli

• Umhla kunye nendawo yovavanyo

• Ukutyikitywa kwabahloli okanye amaqumrhu okuqinisekisa

Konkesakysteeliintambo zensimbi ezingenasici zifumaneka ngokuzeleyoEN10204 3.1 izatifikethi zovavanyo lokusilakunye nokuzikhethelaubungqina bomntu wesithathungesicelo.

Phelisa uVavanyo loMthwalo wokuNyekisa

Asiyontambo kuphela ekufuneka ivavanywe—ukuphelisa ukupheliswanjengeesokethi, izixhobo ezigudisiweyo, kunye neethimbles nazo zifuna uvavanyo lobungqina. Umgangatho woshishino oqhelekileyo ngulo:

• Ukupheliswa kufunekaukumelana ne-100% yomthwalo wokuqhawuka kwentambongaphandle kokutyibilika okanye ukusilela.

sakysteel ibonelelaiindibano zentambo ezivavanyiweyonezifakelo zokuphela ezifakiweyo zaqinisekiswa njengenkqubo epheleleyo.

Izikhokelo zoKhuseleko lweFactor

UbuncinciUmba woKhuseleko (SF)efakwe kwintambo yocingo iyahluka ngokusetyenziswa:

Ukuqonda nokusebenzisa into echanekileyo yokhuseleko kuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko.

Kutheni Khetha sakysteel for Certified Wire Rope?

• Umgangatho ophezulu we-304 kunye ne-316 izinto zensimbi ezingenasici

• Uvavanyo lomthwalo wefektri kunye neziqinisekiso ezibhaliweyo

• Iindibano zesiko kunye nokufakwa kwesiphelo esivavanyiweyo

• Ukuthotyelwa kwe-EN, ISO, ASTM, kunye nemigangatho yeklasi yaselwandle

• Ukuthunyelwa kwehlabathi jikelele kunye namaxesha okuguqula ngokukhawuleza

Nokuba yeyokwakha, yaselwandle, yolwakhiwo, okanye yokusetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso,sakysteelihambisa intambo yocingo yentsimbi engenasiciumthwalo-uvavanyiwe, uyalandeleka, kwaye uthembekile.

Ukuqukumbela

Uvavanyo lomthwalo alukhethi-kuyimfuneko ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwentambo yensimbi engenasici. Ingaba isetyenziswe kwimisebenzi yokuphakamisa ebalulekileyo, ukunyanzeliswa kwesakhiwo, okanye iinkqubo eziguquguqukayo, ukuqinisekiswa komthamo womthwalo ngokuvavanya okusemgangathweni kunciphisa umngcipheko kunye nokuphucula ubomi obude.

Ukusuka kwiimvavanyo zokwaphula okonakalisayo ukuya kwimithwalo yobungqina obungonakalisi, amaxwebhu ovavanyo olufanelekileyo kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yoshishino ngundoqo.