Yini i-I Beam?

I-imishayo, obeye aziwe njengoI-H-imishayo, ziphakathi kwezingxenye zesakhiwo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kubunjiniyela besimanje nokwakha. Isithonjana saboI-cross-section emise okuka-Hibanika amakhono amahle kakhulu okuthwala imithwalo ngenkathi inciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, izenze zilungele uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza kusukela kumabhilidi namabhuloho kuya ekwakhiweni kwemikhumbi kanye nezinhlaka zezimboni.

Kulesi sihloko, sizocwilisa sijuleizinhlobo ze-I-imishayo, yaboi-anatomy yesakhiwo, futhikungani zibaluleke kangakakumaphrojekthi wokwakha kanye nengqalasizinda.

Ⅰ. Izinhlobo ze-I-Beams kanye Nezimpawu Zazo

Akuwona wonke ama-I-imishayo afanayo. Kukhona ukuhlukahluka okuningana okusekelwe kumumo, ububanzi be-flange, nokuqina kwewebhu. Uhlobo ngalunye lufeza izinjongo ezihlukene zesakhiwo kuye ngezidingo zomthwalo, izimo zokusekela, namazinga okuklama.

1. I-Standard I-Beams (S-Beams)

Kuphinde kubhekiselwe kukho nje ngokuthiI-imishayo, iI-S-beamingenye yezindlela eziyisisekelo nezendabuko. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa eNyakatho Melika futhi ihambisana nokucaciswa kwe-ASTM A6/A992.

  • I-Parallel Flanges: I-I-imishayo inama-flange ahambisanayo (ngesinye isikhathi acijile kancane).

  • Ububanzi be-Flange Encane: Ama-flange awo mancane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ze-flange ezibanzi.

  • Isisindo Amandla: Ngenxa yama-flanges awo amancane kanye namawebhu amancane, ama-I-beams ajwayelekile afanele ukuthwala okulula futhi ngokuvamile asetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi wokwakha asezingeni elincane.

  • Ubude obutholakalayo: IningiI-imishayoakhiqizwa ngobude obufika kumamitha ayi-100.

  • Izicelo Ezijwayelekile: Izixhumi zaphansi, imishayo yophahla, nezakhiwo zokusekela ezakhiweni ezisezingeni eliphansi.

2. H-Piles (Bearing Piles)

H-izinqwabaziyimishayo enzima eklanyelwe ngqo isisekelo esijulile kanye nezinhlelo zokunqwabelanisa.

  • AmaFlange Abanzi, Aminyene: I-flange ebanzi ikhulisa ukumelana nomthwalo we-lateral kanye ne-axial.

  • Ukuqina Okulinganayo: I-flange newebhu kuvame ukuba nogqinsi olulinganayo lokusabalalisa amandla afanayo.

  • Ukuthwala Umthwalo Onzima: Ama-H-piles akhelwe ukushayela aqonde emhlabathini noma emadwaleni futhi angathwala imithwalo ephezulu kakhulu.

  • Isetshenziswa Ezisekelweni: Ilungele amabhuloho, izakhiwo eziphakeme kakhulu, izakhiwo zasolwandle, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinzima zobunjiniyela bomphakathi.

  • Design Standard: Ivamise ukuhambisana ne-ASTM A572 Grade 50 noma imininingwane efanayo.

3. I-W-Beams (I-Wide Flange Beams)

I-W-imishayo, nomaI-Wide Flange Beams, yizinhlobo zemishayo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwesimanje.

    • AmaFlange abanzi: Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-I-imishayo evamile, ama-W-beam anama-flange omabili abanzi futhi avame ukuba mkhulu.

    • Ubukhulu obuguquguqukayo: I-Flange nokuqina kwewebhu kungahluka kuye ngosayizi nokusetshenziswa, okunikeza ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo.

    • I-High Strength-to-weight Ratio: Umumo osebenza kahle we-W-beam wandisa amandla ngenkathi wehlisa isisindo sento yonke.

    • Izicelo Ezihlukahlukene: Amabhilidi aphakeme, izakhiwo zensimbi, amabhuloho, ukwakhiwa kwemikhumbi, nezinkundla zezimboni.

    • Ukusetshenziswa Kwembulunga yonke: Okuvamile eYurophu, e-Asia, naseMelika; evame ukukhiqizwa kumazinga we-EN 10024, JIS G3192, noma i-ASTM A992.

Insimbi engagqwali HI Beam umugqa ashiselwe

Iinsimbi engagqwali H/I ugongolo ashiselwe umugqakuyinqubo yokukhiqiza esezingeni eliphezulu esetshenziselwa ukwakha imishayo yesakhiwoukuhlanganisa amapuleti ensimbi engagqwali ngokusebenzisa i-submerged arc welding (SAW) or I-TIG/MIG yokushiselaamasu. Kule nqubo, i-flange ngayinye kanye namapuleti ewebhu ahlanganiswa kahle futhi ashiselwe ngokuqhubekayo ukuze enze lokho okufunayo.Iphrofayili ye-H-beam noma ye-I-beam. Imishayo eshiselwe inikeza amandla amahle kakhulu okusebenza, ukumelana nokugqwala, nokunemba kobukhulu. Le ndlela isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeniimishayo yosayizi wangokwezifisoezokwakha, zasolwandle, nezimboni lapho osayizi abajwayelekile be-hot-rolled bengatholakali. Inqubo ye-welding iqinisekisaukungena okugcwele kanye namalunga aqinile, okuvumela induku ukuthi ithwale imithwalo esindayo yesakhiwo ngenkathi igcina ukumelana nokugqwala okuphakeme kwensimbi engagqwali.

Ⅱ. I-Anatomy ye-I-Beam

Ukuqonda ukwakheka kwe-I-beam kuyisihluthulelo sokuqonda ukuthi kungani isebenza kahle kakhulu ngaphansi kwengcindezi.

1. Ama-Flanges

  • Iamapuleti avundlile phezulu naphansikwenduku.

  • Idizayinelwe ukumelanaizikhathi zokugoba, babhekana nezingcindezi ezicindezelayo neziqinile.

  • Ububanzi be-Flange nobukhulu bunquma kakhuluumthamo wokuthwala umthwalo we-beam.

2. Iwebhu

  • Iipuleti mpoukuhlanganisa ama-flanges.

  • Idizayinelwe ukumelanagunda amabutho, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwe-beam.

  • Ukushuba kwewebhu kunomthelela kuamandla okugunda jikelelenokuqina kwenduku.

3. I-Modulus yeSigaba kanye Nomzuzu Wokunganakwa

    • Isigaba Modulusiyindawo yejiyomethri echaza amandla e-beam ukumelana nokugoba.

    • Isikhathi se-Inertiakulinganisa ukumelana nokuchezuka.

    • OkuyingqayiziveleI-shapeinikeza ibhalansi enhle kakhulu yomthamo wesikhashana ophezulu nokusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphansi.

Insimbi Engagqwali i-HI Beam R I-Angle polishing

IUkupholisha i-engeli engu-Rinqubo yensimbi engagqwali H/I imishayo ibhekiselaukupholishwa okunembayo kwamakhona wefillet yangaphakathi nangaphandle (irediyasi).lapho kuhlangana khona i-flange newebhu. Le nqubo ithuthukisaubushelelezi bobusofuthiisikhalazo sobuhleof the beam ngenkathi futhi ngconoukumelana nokugqwalangokususa ukuguquguquka kwe-weld, ama-oxides, kanye nokuqina kwendawo ezindaweni eziguquguqukayo ezigobile. Ukupholisha i-engeli ka-R kubaluleke kakhuluizinhlelo zokusebenza zezakhiwo, zenhlanzeko, nezindlu ezihlanzekile, lapho kokubili ukubukeka nokuhlanzeka kubalulekile. Amakhona erediyasi epholishiwe ayaphumelaumfaniswano wokuqeda, ukunciphisa ingozi yokunqwabelana kokungcola, futhi kube lula ukuhlanza. Lesi sinyathelo sokuqeda sivame ukuhlanganiswa nokupholisha indawo egcwele (isb., No.4 noma ukuqedwa kwesibuko) ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokuqinaizindinganiso zokuhlobisa noma zokusebenza.

Ⅲ. Izicelo ze-I-Beams Ekwakhiweni

Ngenxa yamandla abo aphezulu kanye nokusebenza kahle kwesakhiwo, imishayo ye-I kanye ne-H-imishayo isetshenziswa cishe kulo lonke uhlobo lwephrojekthi yokwakha kanye nobunjiniyela obunzima.

1. Izakhiwo Zezentengiselwano Nezokuhlala

  • Amafreyimu Esakhiwo Ayinhloko: Isetshenziswa kumakholomu, imishayo, namagida ukusekela izakhiwo ezinezitezi eziningi.

  • Uhlelo Lophahla kanye Nephansi: I-I-imishayo iyingxenye yohlaka lwamathambo olusekela phansi nophahla.

  • I-Industrial Platforms kanye ne-Mezzanines: Umthamo wabo ophezulu wokuthwala imithwalo ulungele ukwakhiwa kwe-mezzanine phansi.

2. Amaphrojekthi Wengqalasizinda

  • Amabhuloho Nezidlula: Ama-W-beams nama-H-piles avame ukusetshenziswa kumabhuloho amabhuloho nezisekelo zedekhi.

  • Izakhiwo Zesitimela: I-I-imishayo isetshenziswa emibhedeni yethrekhi namafreyimu asekelayo.

  • Imigwaqo emikhulu: Abaqaphi bavame ukusebenzisa amaphrofayili ensimbi ye-W-beam ukumelana nomthelela.

3. Unjiniyela Wasolwandle Nasolwandle

  • Izinsiza Zechweba kanye Nezinqola: Ama-H-piles ashayelwa enhlabathini engaphansi kwamanzi akha izisekelo eziyisisekelo.

  • Ukwakhiwa kwemikhumbi: Ama-I-beam angasindi kodwa aqinile asetshenziswa kumafreyimu namadekhi.

4. Imboni Yezokukhiqiza Nezisetshenziswa

  • Imishini Yokusekela Frames: I-I-imishayo inikeza izisekelo eziqinile zemishini yokufaka.

  • Ama-Cranes kanye ne-Gantry Beams: I-W-imishayo yamandla aphezulu isebenza njengamareyili aphezulu noma amathrekhi.

Ⅳ. Izinzuzo ze-I-Beams

Onjiniyela nabadwebi bezakhiwo bayakhethaI-imishayongoba banikeza izinzuzo eziningi zesakhiwo nezomnotho:

1. I-High Strength-to-weight Ratio

Umumo we-I ukhulisa umthamo wokuthwala ngenkathi usebenzisa izinto ezincane, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwensimbi okuphansi kanye nezindleko zephrojekthi.

2. Ukuguquguquka Komklamo

Osayizi abahlukene kanye nezinhlobo (isb, i-S-beams, W-beams, H-piles) kuyatholakala ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zesakhiwo ezihlukahlukene.

3. Ukusebenza Kwezindleko

Ngenxa yephrofayili yabo eyenziwe kahle kanye nokutholakala okusabalele, ama-I-beams anikeza okuhamba phambiliizilinganiso zokusebenza kwezindlekoekwakhiweni kwensimbi.

4. Ukulula Kokwenziwa Nokushisela

Ama-flange kanye nama-web kungasikwa kalula, kubholwe futhi kushiselwe kusetshenziswa amasu okwakha ajwayelekile.

5. Ukuqina

Uma kukhiqizwa kusukainsimbi yesakhiwo esinamandla aphezulu(isb, i-ASTM A992, S275JR, Q235B), imishayo ye-I inikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqokwa, ukugqwala, nomthelela.

Ⅴ. I-I-Beam Selection Criteria

Lapho ukhetha uhlobo olulungile lweI-beamngephrojekthi, cabangela lokhu okulandelayo:

  • Layisha Izidingo: Nquma imithwalo ye-axial, yokugunda, negobayo.

  • Ubude be-Span: Ukwelula okude kuvame ukudinga ama-flange abanzi noma i-modulus yesigaba ephakeme.

  • Isisekelo noma Uhlobo Lohlaka: I-H-piles yezisekelo ezijulile; Ama-W-beams ozimele oyinhloko.

  • Ibanga lezinto ezibonakalayo: Khetha ibanga elilungile lensimbi elisuselwa kumandla, ukushisela, nokumelana nokugqwala.

  • Ukuthobela Amazinga: Qinisekisa ukuthi i-beam ithobelana namazinga we-ASTM, EN, noma we-JIS wesifunda sakho noma iphrojekthi.

Isiphetho

I-imishayo-noma ngabe isezingeniS-imishayo, I-W-imishayo, noma umsebenzi onzimaH-izinqwaba-yiziumgogodla wobunjiniyela bezakhiwo zesimanje. Idizayini yazo ephumelelayo, ukucushwa okubanzi okuhlukahlukene, kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kuzenza zifanelekele yonke into kusukela kumabhilidi namabhuloho, imishini kuya kwezinsimbi zasogwini.

Lapho isetshenziswa kahle,I-imishayoukunikeza amandla angenakuqhathaniswa, ukuqina, nomnotho ekwakhiweni. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kohlobo ngalunye kungasiza onjiniyela, abakhi, nochwepheshe bokuthengwa kwempahla benze izinqumo ezinolwazi ezithuthukisa kokubili.ukusebenza nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko.

Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-31-2024