NGĀ TAURANGA O TE RINO WHIRIA WERA

Ko te rino hurihuri wera tētahi o ngā rauemi e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te hanga, te hanga whare, te motuka, me ngā mīhini taumaha. E mōhiotia ana mō tōna ngāwari ki te whakamahi, te whai hua o te utu, me te ngāwari o te hanga, he maha ngā momo o te rino hurihuri wera, ia momo i hangaia mō ngā āhuatanga miihini me ngā whakaritenga mahi motuhake.

Te mārama ki tengā momo maitai hurihuri weraāwhina i ngā miihini, ngā kaihanga, me ngā tohunga hoko ki te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi tika mō ā rātou kaupapa. He rerekē te kaha, te ngāwari, te pakari, te āheinga whakarewa, me te ātete ki te waikura i ngā momo rerekē. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e mātou ngā kāwai me ngā momo matua o te maitai hurihuri wera, ō rātou āhuatanga, me ngā whakamahinga noa.

He aha te maitai hurihuri wera?

Ka hangaia te maitai hurihuri wera mā te whakamahana i ngā pereti maitai ki runga ake i te pāmahana whakahou, i te nuinga o te wā i te 900°C ki te 1100°C, kātahi ka hurihia ki ngā āhua e hiahiatia ana. Nā te mea ka hurihia te maitai i ngā pāmahana teitei, he māmā ake te hanga me te hanga, he mea tino pai mō ngā wāhanga hanganga nui me ngā tono ina kore e tino hiahiatia ngā taunga tika.

I muri i te hurihuri, ka whakamataohia te maitai ki te hau, ka hua ake pea he rerekētanga pakupaku i ngā rahi engari ka hoatu ki te rauemi tōna kakano mata taratara.

Ngā Āhuatanga Matua o te Rino Hurihia Wera

1. He pai te āhua– He ngāwari te hanga me te piko i te wā e hangaia ana.

2. Teitei o te Pakari– Ka taea te tu atu i ngā kawenga taumaha me ngā pānga.

3. Te Whakaputa Whai Hua– He iti ake te tukatuka ki te whakaritea ki te maitai hurihuri matao.

4. Ngā momo mahi– He pai mō te whānuitanga o ngā ahumahi.

5. Ngā Rerekētanga Ahu– Kāore ngā ātete i te tino piripono pērā i te maitai hurihuri matao, engari he pai mō ngā mahi maha.

Ngā Kāwai Matua o ngā Tohu Rino Hurihia Wera

Ko ngā momo maitai hurihuri wera ka taea te whakarōpū ki ngā wāhanga matua e whā:

1. Ngā Tohu Rino Waro

2. Ngā Tohu Rino Koranu

3. Ngā Wāhanga Rino Kaha-Teitei me te Iti-Koranu (HSLA)

4. Ngā Tohu Motuhake mō ngā Whakamahinga Motuhake

1. Ngā Tohu Rino Waro

Ko ngā maitai waro ngā maitai hurihuri wera tino noa, e tautuhia ana e te nui o te waro kei roto.

Rino Waro Iti (Rino Ngāwari)

• Ihirangi Waro– Tae atu ki te 0.25%

• Ngā tauira– ASTM A36, S235JR

• Ngā Āhuatanga– He tino pai te āhua o te whakarewa, he ngāwari te nekeneke, he iti te utu.

• Ngā tono– Ngā kurupae hanganga, te hanganga whānui, te mahi whakarewa.

Rino Waro Waenga

• Ihirangi Waro– 0.25% ki te 0.60%

• Ngā tauira– C45, SAE 1045

• Ngā Āhuatanga– He kaha ake, he pakeke ake i te maitai ngawari, he ngāwari hoki.

• Ngā tono– Ngā toki, ngā taputapu, ngā toki, ngā wāhanga mīhini.

Teitei o te maitai waro

• Ihirangi Waro– 0.60% ki te 1.00%

• Ngā tauira– SAE 1095

• Ngā Āhuatanga– He tino pakeke, he iti te ngāwari, he ātete ki te kakahu.

• Ngā tono– Ngā puna, ngā taputapu tapahi, ngā waea kaha-teitei.

2. Ngā Tohu Rino Koranu

Kei roto i ngā maitai koranu ētahi atu huānga pērā i te chromium, te molybdenum, te nickel, te vanadium rānei hei whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga.

• 4140 Rino– He maitai koranu chromium-molybdenum, he kaha, he pakari, he ātete hoki ki te kakahu. He mea noa i roto i ngā ahumahi motuka, hinu, me te hau.

• 4340 Rino– He maitai koranu nikara-kōmiuma-moripenema e mōhiotia ana mō tōna kaha nui me te ātete ki te ngenge.

• 8620 Rino– He koranu nikara-kōmiuma-moripenema e whakamahia ana mō ngā wāhanga kua whakakāpūtia kia hiahiatia he matua pakari me te mata mārō.

3. Ngā Wāhanga Rino Kaha-Teitei me te Iti-Koranu (HSLA)

Kua hangaia ngā maitai HSLA kia pai ake ngā āhuatanga miihini me te ātete nui ake ki te waikura i te maitai waro, me te kore e tino piki ake te taumaha.

• A572 Rino– He maitai hanganga kaha-teitei e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā piriti, i ngā whare, me ngā taputapu hanga.

• Rino A588 (Rino Ārai Huarere)– Kei roto te parahi me ētahi atu huānga whakarewa hei whakapakari ake i te ātete ki te waikura; e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā hanganga o waho, me te kore e peita.

• S355MC– He maitai kaha-teitei e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā anga me ngā anga waka.

4. Ngā Tohu Motuhake mō ngā Whakamahinga Motuhake

Ko ētahi momo maitai wera kua hurihia kua whakaritea mō ngā whakaritenga motuhake:

• AR400 / AR500– He maitai ātete-mōrikarika e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā taputapu keri me ngā mīhini taumaha.

• Ngā Rino Hanga Waka (AH36, DH36)– Ngā maitai kaha-teitei mō ngā mahi moana me ngā mahi tai.

• Ngā Rino Ipu Pēhanga (A516 Tau 70)– I hangaia mō ngā kohua me ngā oko pēhanga.

• Ngā Rino Reriwe– Ngā momo motuhake mō te ātete ki te kakahu me te pakari i roto i ngā ara rerewē.

Ngā Paerewa o te Ao mō te Rino Hurihia Wera

Ka whakamahia e ngā whenua rerekē ā rātou ake pūnaha whakarōpūtanga me ngā paerewa mō te maitai wera hurihuri:

• ASTM (Te Rōpū Whakamātautau me ngā Rauemi o Amerika)– He mea noa i te Hononga o Amerika, hei tauira, ASTM A36, ASTM A572.

• EN (Nota Pākehā)– Ngā paerewa Pākehā pērā i te EN 10025-2 (S235, S355).

• JIS (Paerewa Ahumahi Hapanihi)– Ko ētahi tauira ko te SS400 me te SM490.

• GB (Ngā Paerewa ā-Motu o Haina)– Q235, Q345.

• Ngā Paerewa ISO– Ngā aratohu whakakotahi ā-ao.

Te Kōwhiri i te Taumata Tika o te Rino Hurihia Wera

I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i tētahi maitai hurihuri wera, whakaarohia:

1. Ngā Whakaritenga Kaha Mīhini– Kōwhiria he momo e tika ana te kaha kume me te kaha tuku.

2. Āheitanga whakarewa– He pai ake te ngāwari o te whakarewa i ngā taumata waro iti.

3. Ātete ki te Waikura– Ngā maitai e ārai ana i te huarere, ngā maitai koranu rānei mō ngā taiao uaua.

4. Te Āhuatanga– He māmā ake te piko me te hanga i ngā maitai ngawari.

5. Te Utu me te Wātea– He māmā ake te wātea o ētahi momo i ētahi mākete.

Rino Hurihia Wera me te Rino Hurihia Matao