Yintoni iAustenitic Stainless Steel?

I-Austenitic stainless steel yenye yezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zisetyenziswa zentsimbi engatyiwanga kuwo wonke amashishini ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwayo okugqwesileyo, ukumila, kunye neempawu ezingezizo ezemagnethi. Nokuba ubandakanyeka kulwakhiwo, ekusetyenzweni kokutya, ukwenziwa kweekhemikhali, okanye ukuveliswa kwezixhobo zonyango, usenokuba uye wadibana nentsimbi engatyiwa yi austenitic ngaphandle kokuqonda.

Kweli nqaku libanzi, siza kuchazayintoni i-austenitic steel stainless, iimpawu zayo eziphambili, indlela ethelekisa ngayo kunye nezinye iintlobo zensimbi engenasici, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo. Ukuba ungumthengi wezinto eziphathekayo okanye injineli ekhangela ukucaca ekukhetheni isinyithi esilungileyo, esi sikhokelo sisukasakysteeliya kukunceda wenze izigqibo ezizizo.

1. Ingcaciso: Yintoni iAustenitic Stainless Steel?

I-Austenitic steel stainless luhlobo lwensimbi engenasici echazwe yiyoubuso-centered cubic (FCC) isakhiwo crystal, eyaziwa ngokuba yiisigaba se-austenite. Esi sakhiwo sizinzile kuwo onke amaqondo obushushu kwaye sigcinwa nangemva kokupholisa ukusuka kumaqondo aphezulu.

Iintsimbi ze-Austenitic ezingenasicii-non-magnetic kwimeko ye-annealed, unayoichromium ephezulu (16–26%)kwayenickel (6–22%)imixholo, kunye nonikezeloukuxhathisa okuphezulu kwe-corrosion, ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintsapho zensimbi ezingenasici.

2. Ukuqulunqwa kwemichiza

Iipropathi ezizodwa ze-austenitic steel stainless zivela kwimichiza yayo:

• Chromium: Ibonelela ngokumelana nokugqwala kwaye yenza umaleko okhuselayo weoksidi kumphezulu.

• Nickel: Uzinzisa isakhiwo se-austenitic kunye nokuphucula i-ductility.

• I-Molybdenum (ukhetho): Ukuphucula ukuxhathisa kwi-pitting kunye ne-crevice corrosion kwiindawo ze-chloride.

• Nitrogen: Yongeza amandla kunye nokumelana nomhlwa.

• Ikhabhoni (ephantsi kakhulu): Ukulawulwa ukuphepha imvula ye-carbide kunye nokugcina ukuxhathisa ukubola.

Amabakala aqhelekileyo afana ne-304 kunye ne-316 yensimbi engenasici ayingxenye yeli qela.

3. Iimpawu eziphambili ze-Austenitic Stainless Steel

1. Ukuchasa okugqwesileyo kokuCorrosion

Iintsimbi ze-Austenitic stainless zixhathisa kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi ezinobungozi. Oku kubandakanya i-atmospheric corrosion, ukutya kunye nokuvezwa kwesiselo, kunye neekhemikhali ezinobundlongondlongo obuphakathi ukuya kutsho kwephakathi.

2. iiPropati ezingezizo ezeMagnetic

Kwimeko ye-annealed, i-austenitic stainless steels ngokuqhelekileyo ayinamagnetic. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza okubandayo kunokwazisa i-magnetism encinci ngenxa yokwenziwa kwe-martensite.

3. Weldability Good

Ezi ntsimbi zinokudityaniswa ngokulula kusetyenziswa iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuwelda. Ukunyamekela okukhethekileyo kunokufuneka ukuphepha imvula ye-carbide kwamanye amabakala.

4. I-Ductility ephezulu kunye nokuqina

Amanqaku e-Austenitic anokuzotywa, agobe, kwaye abunjwe abe ziimilo ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokuqhekeka. Zigcina ukuqina kuwo omabini amaqondo obushushu aphezulu naphantsi.

5. Akukho Ukushisa Ukuqina

Ngokungafaniyo neentsimbi ze-martensitic ezingenasici, amabakala e-austenitic awanakuqiniswa ngonyango lobushushu. Ngokuqhelekileyo baqiniswa kukusebenza okubandayo.

4. AmaBanga aqhelekileyo e-Austenitic Stainless Steel

• 304 (UNS S30400)
  Uninzi olusetyenziswa ngokubanzi insimbi engenasici. Ukuchasana nokugqwesa okugqwesileyo, ukumila kakuhle, kufanelekile kumashishini amaninzi.

• 316 (UNS S31600)
  Iqulethe i-molybdenum eyomeleziweyo yokuxhathisa umhlwa, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezingqongileyo zekloridi ezifana nezicelo zaselwandle okanye zaselunxwemeni.

• 310 (UNS S31000)
  Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, kusetyenziswe kwiindawo zomlilo kunye nokutshintshana kobushushu.

• 321 (UNS S32100)
  Uzinziswe nge-titanium, efanelekileyo kwizicelo zokushisa okuphezulu apho i-carbide precipitation ixhalabile.

Ngalinye kula mabanga afumaneka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo njengamaphepha, imibhobho, imivalo, kunye nezinto zokufakelwa, kwaye zinokubonelelwasakysteelkwiimfuno zakho zeprojekthi.

5. Usetyenziso lwe-Austenitic Stainless Steel

Ngombulelo kwiipropati zabo ezilungeleleneyo, iintsimbi ze-austenitic ezingenasici zisetyenziswa kumacandelo amaninzi:

1. Ishishini lokutya neziselo

I-304 kunye ne-316 ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokulungisa ukutya, iitanki, kunye nezitya ngenxa yococeko kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola.

2. UShishino lweMichiza kunye naMayeza

I-316L ithandwa kwii-reactors, imibhobho, kunye neevalvu ezivezwe kwiikhemikhali ngenxa yokumelana kwayo okuphezulu kwiikloridi.

3. Izixhobo zonyango kunye noNyango

Ngenxa yokucoceka kwazo kunye ne-biocompatibility, i-austenitic stainless steels isetyenziselwa izixhobo zotyando, ukufakelwa, kunye nezixhobo zasesibhedlele.

4. Uyilo kunye noKwakha

Isetyenziswa kwizigqubuthelo, ii-handrails, iifacade, kunye neebhulorho ngenxa yobuhle obunomtsalane kunye nokuchasana nokubola kokusingqongileyo.

5. Izithuthi kunye nezoThutho

Iinkqubo zokukhupha, i-trim, kunye ne-structural components zixhamla kwindibaniselwano yamandla kunye nokumelana nomhlwa.

6. Izitshintshi zobushushu kunye neeBoilers

Amabanga aphezulu afana ne-310 asetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu ngenxa yokumelana ne-oxidation.

6. Indlela iAustenitic ethelekisa ngayo kunye nezinye iintsimbi ezingatyiwayo