Chii chinonzi Austenitic Stainless Steel?

Simbi isingatsvindi yeAustenitic ndeimwe yemhando dzesimbi isingatsvindi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri nekuda kwekudzivirira kwayo ngura, kugona kwayo kugadzira zvinhu, uye kugona kwayo kushandisa magineti. Ungave uri mukuvaka, kugadzira chikafu, kugadzira makemikari, kana kugadzira michina yekurapa, ungangove wakasangana nesimbi isingatsvindi yeAustenitic usingatombozvizivi.

Muchinyorwa chino chakazara, tichatsanangurachii chinonzi austenitic stainless steel, hunhu hwayo hukuru, kuti inoenzaniswa sei nedzimwe mhando dzesimbi isingatsvi, uye mashandisirwo ayo. Kana uri mutengi wezvinhu kana mainjiniya ari kutsvaga kujeka pakusarudza simbi yakakodzera, gwara iri kubvasakysteelzvichakubatsira kuita sarudzo dzakarurama.

1. Tsanangudzo: Chii chinonzi Austenitic Stainless Steel?

Simbi isina tsvina yeAustenitic imhando yesimbi isina tsvina inotsanangurwa nechimiro chekristaro checubic (FCC) chiri pakati pechiso, inozivikanwa sechikamu che austeniteChivako ichi chakasimba pakupisa kwese uye chinochengetwa kunyangwe mushure mekutonhora kubva pakupisa kwakanyanya.

Simbi dzisina ngura dzeAustenitic ndidzoisina magineti mumamiriro ekunamirwa, vanechromium yakawanda (16–26%)uyenickel (6–22%)zviri mukati, uye zvinopihwakuramba ngura kwakanyanya, kunyanya kana tichienzanisa nedzimwe mhuri dzesimbi dzisina ngura.

2. Kuumbwa kweMakemikari

Hunhu hwakasiyana hwesimbi isina tsvina ye austenitic hunobva mukugadzirwa kwayo kwemakemikari:

• Chromium: Inopa simba rekudzivirira ngura uye inoita ganda rinodzivirira oxide pamusoro.

• Nickel: Inosimbisa chimiro che austenitic uye inovandudza ductility.

• Molybdenum (zvichida): Inovandudza kusimba kwehuni uye ngura munzvimbo dzine chloride.

• Nitrogen: Inowedzera simba uye kuramba ngura.

• Kabhoni (yakaderera zvikuru): Inodzorwa kudzivirira kunaya kwekabhohaidhiretsi uye kuchengetedza kuramba kwengura.

Magiredhi akafanana akadai se304 ne316 simbi isingasvibiswi ndiwo ari muboka iri.

3. Hunhu Hukuru hweSimbi Isina Kugadzirwa yeAustenitic

1. Kuramba Kura Kwakanaka Kwazvo

Simbi dzisina ngura dzinodzivirira zvakanyanya ngura dzakasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvinosanganisira ngura yemumhepo, kusangana nechikafu nezvinwiwa, uye makemikari ane hukasha hushoma kusvika pakati nepakati.

2. Zvimiro Zvisiri zveMagineti

Kana simbi dzisina ngura dzakanyungudutswa, simbi dzisina ngura dzinoshandiswa nemagetsi (austenitic stainless steels) hadzina simba remagineti. Zvisinei, kushanda nemhepo inotonhora kunogona kukonzera simba remagineti nekuda kwekuumbwa kwemartensite.

3. Kugona Kusungirira Zvakanaka

Simbi idzi dzinogona kusungirirwa zviri nyore uchishandisa nzira dzakajairika dzekushongedza. Kungwarira kwakanyanya kungadiwa kudzivirira kunaya kwecarbide mune mamwe marudzi.

4. Kusimba Kwakanyanya uye Kusimba

Magiredhi eAustenitic anogona kudhirowa, kukotama, uye kugadzirwa kuita maumbirwo akasiyana pasina kutsemuka. Anoramba akasimba pakupisa kwakanyanya uye kwakaderera.

5. Hapana Kuomesa Kupisa

Kusiyana nesimbi dzisina ngura dzemartensitic, austenitic grades hadzigoni kuomeswa nekupisa. Dzinowanzoomeswa nekushanda muchando.

4. Magiredhi Akafanana eSimbi Isina Kugadzirwa yeAustenitic

• 304 (UNS S30400)
  Simbi isingasvibiswi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Inodzivirira ngura zvakanyanya, inogadzirwa zvakanaka, yakakodzera maindasitiri mazhinji.

• 316 (UNS S31600)
  Ine molybdenum yekudzivirira ngura, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine chloride dzakadai segungwa kana mahombekombe.

• 310 (UNS S31000)
  Kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya, kunoshandiswa muzvikamu zvechoto uye muzvishandiso zvekupisa.

• 321 (UNS S32100)
  Yakagadzika netitanium, yakakodzera kushandiswa pakupisa kwakanyanya uko mvura inonaya necarbide iri dambudziko.

Magiredhi ese aya anowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakadai semachira, mapaipi, mabhawa, uye zvinosungirirwa, uye zvinogona kupihwa nesakysteelzvinoenderana nezvaunoda paprojekiti yako.

5. Mashandisirwo eSimbi Isina Kushanda yeAustenitic

Nekuda kwehunhu hwavo hwakaenzana, austenitic stainless steels inoshandiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana:

1. Indasitiri yeChikafu neZvinwiwa

304 na316 zvinowanzo shandiswa pakugadzira chikafu, matangi, nemidziyo nekuda kwehutsanana hwazvo uye kuramba ngura.

2. Indasitiri yeMakemikari neMishonga

316L inodiwa zvikuru kune ma reactor, mapaipi, uye mavharuvhu anobatwa nemakemikari nekuda kwekusakwanisa kwayo kubatwa nechloride zvakanyanya.

3. Zvishandiso zvekurapa uye zvekuvhiya

Nekuda kwekuchena kwavo uye kuenderana kwavo nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, simbi dzisina kusimba dzinoshandiswa pakushandisa maturusi ekuvhiya, maimplants, uye midziyo yemuchipatara.

4. Magadzirirwo Ezvivakwa uye Kuvaka

Inoshandiswa mukubatanidza, ma handrails, ma facades, uye mabhiriji nekuda kwekunaka kwayo uye kuramba kwayo ngura kubva kune zvakatipoteredza.

5. Mota uye Kutakura

Masisitimu ekuburitsa hutsi, trim, uye zvikamu zvemaumbirwo zvinobatsirwa nekusanganiswa kwesimba uye kuramba ngura.

6. Zvinochinja-chinja kupisa uye mabhoyira

Magiredhi epamusoro akadai se310 anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzinopisa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwavo mu oxidation.

6. Kuenzaniswa Kwakaita Austenitic Nedzimwe Simbi Dzisina Kugadzirwa