Uyini Umehluko Phakathi Kwe-Casting and Forging?

Uma kukhulunywa ngomsebenzi wensimbi nokukhiqiza,ukuphonsafuthiukuqambaziyizinqubo ezimbili eziyisisekelo ezisetshenziselwa ukubumba insimbi ibe izingxenye ezisebenzayo. Zombili izindlela zinezinzuzo kanye nokubi futhi zifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene, indawo, kanye nokusebenza okulindelwe.

Ukuqonda iumehluko phakathi kokubunjwa nokubunjwakubalulekile konjiniyela, ochwepheshe bokuthengwa kwempahla, nabaphathi bephrojekthi abafuna ukukhetha inqubo yokukhiqiza efanele yezingxenye zabo. Lesi sihloko sihlukanisa umehluko obalulekile phakathi kokulingisa nokufoja ngokwenqubo, izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo, izindleko, amandla, nokunye.

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Kuyini Ukulingisa?

Iyasakazakuyinqubo lapho insimbi incibilika ibe uketshezi, ithululwe esikhunjeni, futhi ivunyelwe ukuba iqine ibe yisimo esithile. Ngemva kokupholisa, isikhunta siyasuswa, futhi umkhiqizo wokugcina ungase udlulele phambili ekuqedeni noma umshini.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezinqubo zokusakaza, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukulingisa isihlabathi

• Ukutshala imali (i-wax elahlekile)

• Ukulingisa ukufa

• I-Centrifugal Casting

Ukusakaza kulungele ukukhiqizaijometri eyinkimbinkimbifuthiamanani amakhuluwezingxenye ngeimishini encane.

Kuyini Ukuqamba?

Ukuqambakuyinqubo yokukhiqiza ebandakanyaukubumba insimbi usebenzisa amandla acindezelayo, ngokuvamile ngezando noma izinkinobho. Insimbi ngokuvamileiyashisisa kodwa ihlala iqinile, kanye ne-deformation isetshenziselwa ukufeza ifomu elifunayo.

Izinhlobo zokuqamba zihlanganisa:

• I-Open-die forging

• Ukukhohlisa okuvaliwe

• Ukuganga okubandayo

• Ukukhanga okufudumele

• Iringithoni

Ukwenza ngcono isimoamandla mechanicalfuthiubuqotho besakhiwoyezingxenye zensimbi ngokuqondanisa ukugeleza okusanhlamvu ngendlela yokucindezeleka.

Umehluko Obalulekile Phakathi Kwe-Casting and Forging

1. Indlela Yokucubungula

• Iyasakaza: Kuhilelaukuncibilika kwensimbibese uwathela ezibunjeni. Impahla iqina ibe yisimo oyifunayo.

• Ukuqamba: Kuhilelaukukhubazeka kwensimbi eqinileusebenzisa amandla emishini ukuze kuzuzwe umumo.

Isifinyezo: Ukusakaza kuwushintsho olusuka ku-liquid-to-solid, kuyilapho ukubumba kuwukuwohloka kombuso oqinile.

2. Izinto ezibonakalayo

• Iyasakaza: Ngokuvamile kuhlanganisai-porosity, ukuncipha, futhiukungaqhubeki kokusanhlamvungenxa yenqubo yokupholisa.

• Ukuqamba: Izipesheliisakhiwo sokusanhlamvu esicwengisisiwe, ukuqina okukhulu, futhiukumelana nokukhathala okuphezulu.

Isifinyezo: Izingxenye ezakhiwe zinamandla futhi zithembeke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi komthelela noma ingcindezi.

3. Amandla Emishini

• Iyasakaza: Imaphakathi ukuya kumandla aphezulu, kodwa ingaba brittle futhi ibe lula ekuqhekekeni noma kubi.

• Ukuqamba: Amandla aphakeme ngenxa yokuqondisa kokugeleza kokusanhlamvu kanye nokuminyana kwensimbi.

Isifinyezo: Forging ikhiqiza izingxenye ngeumthelela ophezulu namandla okukhathalakunokuphonsa.

4. I-Surface Finish kanye Nokubekezelelana

• Iyasakaza: Ingakwazi ukufeza izindawo ezibushelelezi kanye nokwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi ngomshini omncane.

• Ukuqamba: Ngokuvamile kudinga ukuqedwa okwengeziwe nokwenza imishini, ikakhulukazi ezinqubweni ze-open-die.

Isifinyezo: Ukusakaza kunikeza isiphetho sokuqala esingcono; ukuqamba kungase kudinge imisebenzi yesibili.

5. Design Complexity

• Iyasakaza: Ilungeleizimo eziyinkimbinkimbifuthiizindonga ezincanelokho kungaba nzima ukukuqamba.

• Ukuqamba: Ifaneleka kangconoelula, i-symmetricalbobunjwa ngenxa yemikhawulo yamathuluzi.

Isifinyezo: Ukusakaza kusekela izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezingenalutho; ukuqamba kunqunyelwe i-die design.

6. Usayizi Nesisindo Sezingxenye

• Iyasakaza: Ikhiqiza kalulaizingxenye ezinkulu nezinzima(isb., imizimba yamavalvu, izindlu zamaphampu).

• Ukuqamba: Okuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhuluizingxenye ezincane kuya ezimaphakathi, nakuba ama-forgings amakhulu angenzeka.

Isifinyezo: Ukusakaza kukhethwa ezingxenyeni ezinkulu kakhulu ezinezidingo eziphansi zemishini.

7. Isikhathi sokuhola kanye nesivinini sokukhiqiza

• Iyasakaza: Imvamisa iyashesha emiqulwini ephezulu uma isikhunta sesilungisiwe.

• Ukuqamba: Ihamba kancane ngenxa yokusethwa kwamathuluzi nezimfuneko zokushisisa, kodwa ifaneleka kangcono ukugijima kokukhiqiza okusuka kokuncane kuya kokumaphakathi.

Isifinyezo: Ukusakaza kusebenza kahle kakhulu ku-ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi; ukuqamba kunikeza ukugijima okufushane okunamandla aphezulu.

8. Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezindleko

• Iyasakaza: Izindleko eziphansi zokuqala zamathuluzi, ikakhulukazi izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi.

• Ukuqamba: Izindleko eziphezulu zamathuluzi namandla, kodwaamazinga okuhluleka aphansifuthiukusebenza okungconongokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Isifinyezo: Ukulingisa ishibhile ekuqaleni; forging inikezainani lesikhathi esideezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.

Ithebula lokuqhathanisa: Casting vs Forging