Ndeupi Musiyano Pakati Pekukanda uye Kugadzira?

Kana zvasvika pakugadzira simbi nekugadzira,castinguyeforgingndiwo maitiro maviri ekutanga anoshandiswa kugadzira simbi kuita zvikamu zvinoshanda. Nzira mbiri idzi dzine zvadzakanakira nezvadzinokanganisa uye dzakakodzera mashandisirwo akasiyana, nharaunda, uye zvinotarisirwa kuita.

Kunzwisisamisiyano pakati pekukandira nekugadzirakwakakosha kune mainjiniya, nyanzvi dzekutenga zvinhu, uye mamaneja epurojekiti anotarisa kusarudza nzira yekugadzira yakakodzera yezvikamu zvavo. Ichi chinyorwa chinotyora misiyano yakakosha pakati pekukanda nekugadzira maererano nemaitiro, zvinhu zvenyama, mutengo, simba, nezvimwe.

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Chii chinonzi Casting?

Castinginzira yekuti simbi inonyungudutswa kuita mvura, yodirwa muforoma, yobvumirwa kuoma kuita chimwe chimiro. Mushure mekutonhora, mold inobviswa, uye chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chinogona kuenderera mberi kupedzisa kana kugadzira.

Kune akati wandei marudzi ekukanda maitiro, anosanganisira:

• Kukanda jecha

• Investment casting (rasika-wax)

• Die casting

• Centrifugal casting

Kukandira kwakanakira kugadzirayakaoma geometriesuyezvakawandayezvikamu nekushoma machining.

Chii chinonzi Forging?

Forginginzira yekugadzira iyo inosanganisirakuumba simbi uchishandisa compressive forces, kazhinji nesando kana zvitsikirira. Iyo simbi inowanzoinopisa asi inoramba yakasimba, uye deformation inoshandiswa kuwana fomu yaunoda.

Mhando dzekugadzira dzinosanganisira:

• Kuvhura-kufa kwekugadzira

• Yakavharwa-inofa yekuumba

• Cold forging

• Warm forging

• Mhete ichikunguruka

Kugadzira kunowedzeramechanical simbauyekuvimbika kwechimiroyezvikamu zvesimbi nekugadzirisa kuyerera kwezviyo munzira yekushushikana.

Misiyano Yakakosha Pakati Pekukanda uye Kugadzira

1. Maitiro ekugadzirisa

• Casting: Zvinosanganisirakunyungudutsa simbindokudurura muzviumbwa. Nyaya yacho inosimba muchimiro chinodiwa.

• Forging: Zvinosanganisirakukanganisa simbi yakasimbakushandisa simba remagetsi kuti uwane chimiro.

Summary: Kukandira ishanduko yemvura-kune-yakasimba, ukuwo kuumba kwakasimba-nyika deformation.

2. Material Properties

• Casting: Kazhinji inosanganisiraporosity, shrinkage,uyezviyo discontinuitiesnekuda kwekutonhora.

• Forging: Zvinopayakanatswa zviyo chimiro, kuoma kukuru,uyeyakakwirira kuneta kuramba.

Summary: Zvikamu zvakaumbwa zvine simba uye zvakavimbika zvakanyanya, kunyanya pasi pesimba kana kushushikana.

3. Mechanical Simba

• Casting: Iri pakati nepakati kusvika kune yakakwira simba, asi inogona kuita brittle uye inotapukirwa nekutsemuka kana kuremara.

• Forging: Simba repamusoro nekuda kwekuyerera kwezviyo uye densification yesimbi.

Summary: Forging inogadzira zvinhu zvineyakakwirira simba uye kuneta simbapane kukanda.

4. Surface Finish uye Tolerances

• Casting: Inogona kuwana yakatsetseka uye maumbirwo akaomarara ane kushoma machining.

• Forging: Kazhinji inoda kupedzisa uye kugadzira, kunyanya mukuvhurika-kufa maitiro.

Summary: Kukandira kunopa kupedzisa kurinani kwekutanga; kuforoma kungada maoperation echipiri.

5. Design Complexity

• Casting: Yakanakirazvimiro zvakaomauyemadziro mateteizvo zvingava zvakaoma kugadzira.

• Forging: Inokodzera zvirinanisimpler, symmetricalmaumbirwo nekuda kwekugumira kwekushandisa.

Summary: Kukandira kunotsigira zvakaoma uye makomba zvimiro; forging inoganhurwa nedhizaini.

6. Saizi uye Huremu hweZvikamu

• Casting: Inogadzira zviri nyorezvikamu zvakakura uye zvinorema(semuenzaniso, miviri yevharuvhu, dzimba dzepombi).

• Forging: Zvizhinji zvinowanzoshandiswazvikamu zviduku kusvika pakati nepakati, kunyange zvazvo zvigadziriso zvakakura zvinogoneka.

Summary: Kukandira kunofarirwa kune zvikamu zvakakura kwazvo zvine yakaderera mechanic zvinodiwa.

7. Kutungamira Nguva uye Kumhanyisa Kwekugadzira

• Casting: Kazhinji zvinokurumidza kukwira mavhoriyamu kana mold dzagadzirwa.

• Forging: Zvishoma nekuda kwekushandisa kuseta uye kudziyisa zvinodiwa, asi zvirinani zvakakodzerwa nediki-kusvika-yepakati kugadzirwa kunomhanya.

Summary: Kukandira kunoshanda zvakanyanya kunekugadzirwa kwakawanda; forging inopa mapfupi anomhanya nesimba rakakwirira.

8. Mutengo Kuenzanisa

• Casting: Kuderera kwekutanga kwekushandisa mutengo, kunyanya kune zvakaoma zvikamu.

• Forging: Higher tooling uye simba mari, asimitengo yakaderera yekukundikanauyekuita zviri nanikupfuuridza nguva.

Summary: Kukandira kwakachipa kumberi; forging inopakukosha kwenguva refumukushandiswa kwepamusoro-soro.

Kuenzanisa Tafura: Kukanda vs Kugadzira