Forged vs. Wrought Steel: Nā ʻokoʻa nui, nā noi, a me nā pono?

I ka wā e pili ana i ka hana metala, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā huaʻōlelo ʻelua i ka ʻaoʻao: forged a wrought. ʻOiai ua like paha lākou i ka nānā mua ʻana, hōʻike lākou i ʻelua mau ʻāpana ʻokoʻa o ka hana metala me nā hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa, nā pono hana, a me nā noi. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā metala forged a me wrought metala he mea nui ia no nā ʻenekinia, nā mea hana, a me nā mea kūʻai aku i ke koho ʻana i nā mea kūpono no kā lākou hoʻohana kikoʻī.

Ma kēia ʻatikala, e ʻimi mākou i nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā metala forged a me wrought me ka wehewehe ʻana, nā kaʻina hana, nā waiwai mechanical, nā kūlana, nā hiʻohiʻona huahana, a me nā mea hou aku.

1. He aha ka manaʻo o Forged i ka hana ʻana metala?

ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana he kaʻina hana hoʻololi e pili ana i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā ikaika compressive i ka metala, maʻamau i nā wela kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻolike ai i ke ʻano i makemake ʻia. Hiki ke hana ʻia ma ka hāmare, kaomi ʻana, a i ʻole ka ʻōwili ʻana i ka metala me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea make.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui o Forged Metal:

• ʻO ke ʻano o ka palaoa i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia
• Ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī
• ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka luhi
• Liʻiliʻi nā hakahaka o loko a i ʻole nā mea hoʻokomo

Nā mea hana maʻamau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia:

• ʻO nā lehelehe
• Nā lāʻau
• Na apo
• Na Gears
• ʻO nā ʻāpana moku kaomi

Nā ʻano o ka hana ʻana:

• Wehe-make forging: He kūpono no nā mea nui.
• Paʻa-make (impression die) forging: Hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻano kikoʻī.
• Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka aerospace a me ka hana mana.

2. He aha ka Metala Hana ʻia?

ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "wrought" e pili ana i ka metala i hana ʻia me ka mīkini i kona ʻano hope, maʻamau ma ka ʻōwili ʻana, ke kaha kiʻi, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, a i ʻole ke kala ʻana. ʻO ka manaʻo nui, ʻaʻole i hoʻolei ʻia nā metala i hana ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole i ninini ʻia mai ka metala i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā mole.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kila kila:

• ʻOluʻu a malleable
• ʻO ke ʻano o ka palaoa kūlike
• ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka mīkini a weld
• ʻO ka hoʻopau ʻili maikaʻi

Nā huahana i hana maʻamau:

• Paipu a me ka paipu
• Nā kuʻekuʻe lima a me nā kī
• Papa a me ka lau metala
• Uea a me na kookoo
• Nā ʻano hiʻona (I-beams, nā kihi)

3. Nā ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma waena o nā metala paʻa a me nā metala i hana ʻia

4. Nā Kūlana a me nā palapala hōʻoia

Nā huahana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia:

• ASTM A182 (Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges)
• ASTM B564 (Nickel Alloy Forgings)
• ASME B16.5 / B16.47 (Nā Paʻa Paʻa)

Nā huahana i hana ʻia:

• ASTM A403 (Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe Fitings)
• ASTM A240 (Papa kila kuʻi ʻole ʻia, Pepa, a me ke kāʻei)
• ASTM A554 (Welded Stainless Steel Mechanical Tubing)

5. ʻO wai ka mea āu e koho ai: Forged or Wrought?

ʻO ka koho ma waena o ka forged and wrought metala e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i nā koi noi:

E koho i ka metala forged inā:

• Aia ka ʻāpana i ke koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ke kaomi (e laʻa, nā flanges kiʻekiʻe, nā kumu koʻikoʻi)
• Pono ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa luhi
• He mea koʻikoʻi ka pono o ke ana ma lalo o ka ukana

E koho i ka metala i hana ʻia inā:

• ʻAʻole ʻike ka ʻāpana i ka hoʻouka ʻana
• He mea nui ka machinability a me ka weldability
• Pono ka hana kiʻekiʻe ma ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa

6. Nā noi ʻoihana

7. Nā Manaʻo Metallurgical: No ke aha e hoʻoikaika ai ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke metala

Hoʻoponopono hou ka Forging i ke kahe o ka palaoa e hahai i ke ʻano o ka ʻāpana, e hoʻopau ana i nā discontinuities a me nā palena o ka palaoa e hana ma ke ʻano nāwaliwali. ʻO kēia hoʻomaʻemaʻe palaoa e ʻoi aku ka ikaika a ʻoi aku ka hilinaʻi i nā ʻāpana forged.

Loaʻa nā mea i hana ʻia mai ka hana mechanical, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻolālā o loko ma mua o nā ʻāpana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.

8. Nā nīnau nīnau e pili ana i nā metala paʻa a me ka hana ʻana

Hiki ke kalai ʻia a hana ʻia ke metala?

ʻAe. Hōʻike ʻo "Wrought" i ke ʻano maʻamau o ka hana plastically, a ʻo ka forging kekahi ʻano o ke kaʻina hana.

Ua like anei ka metala hoolei me ka hanaia?

ʻAʻole. Hana ʻia ka metala hoʻoheheʻe ma ka ninini ʻana i ka metala i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kahi mole, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hale palaoa a ʻoi aku ka porosity.

ʻO wai ka maikaʻi no ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion?

ʻO ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka corrosion e pili ana i ka haku mele. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hāʻawi aku i nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kūʻē maikaʻi i kekahi mau kaiapuni ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka porosity.

Ua ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ke kila hana ʻia ma mua o ke kila hoʻoheheʻe ʻia?

ʻAʻole maʻamau. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ke kila forged no ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopololei ʻana i ka palaoa a me ka liʻiliʻi o nā hemahema o loko.

9. Hoʻohālikelike Nānā: Forged vs Wrought Metal Products

(Hoʻohui i ke kiʻi hoʻohālikelike e hōʻike ana i ka flange forged and rod vs wrought elbow and sheet)

10. Ka hopena: E ʻike i kāu Metal, E koho me ka hilinaʻi

He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā metala forged a me wrought i ka ʻenehana a me nā noi ʻoihana. Hāʻawi nā ʻāpana forged i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka pale ʻana i ka luhi, a me ke ʻano o ka palaoa, e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea kūpono no nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi. ʻO nā mea hana i hana ʻia, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hāʻawi i ka uku-efficiency, uniformity, a me ka formability maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻohana maʻamau.

Ke koho ʻana i nā huahana metala no kāu papahana, e noʻonoʻo mau:

• Kaiapuni noi
• Pono nā waiwai mechanical
• Nā kūlana ʻoihana
• Puke kālā hana

Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i nā flanges stainless steel a i ʻole nā kuʻekuʻe kuʻekuʻe, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana—i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a i hana ʻia paha—e kōkua iā ʻoe e koho i ka metala kūpono, me ka hana kūpono, ma ke kumu kūʻai kūpono.