Ndi Zinthu Zotani Zomwe Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito Popanga?

Forging ndi njira yodziwika bwino yopangira zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo. Amadziwika kuti amapanga zinthu zolimba, zodalirika, komanso zosagwirizana ndi zolakwika zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri m'mafakitale ochita bwino kwambiri monga magalimoto, ndege, mafuta ndi gasi, zomangamanga, ndi makina. Komabe, sizitsulo zonse zomwe zili zoyenera kupangira.

Thezinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popangaayenera kukhala ndi kuphatikiza koyenera kwa mphamvu, ductility, kukhazikika kwamafuta, ndi machinability kuti akwaniritse zofuna za ndondomekoyi ndi ntchito yomaliza. Nkhaniyi ikuyang'ana zida zopangira zodziwika bwino, zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri, komanso chifukwa chake zimasankhidwa m'mafakitale ndi malo osiyanasiyana.

sakysteel

Chidule cha Zida Zopangira

Zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zigawika m'magulu atatu:

1. Zitsulo Zachitsulo(okhala ndi chitsulo)

2. Zitsulo Zopanda Ferrous(osati chitsulo)

3. Specialty Alloys(zopangidwa ndi nickel, titaniyamu, ndi cobalt alloys)

Mtundu uliwonse umapereka maubwino apadera pamphamvu, kukana dzimbiri, kutsika mtengo, kapena kutentha kwambiri.

Zitsulo Zachitsulo Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito Popanga

1. Chitsulo cha Carbon

Chitsulo cha kaboni ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino zopangira zida chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake komanso kutsika mtengo.

• Chitsulo Chochepa cha Carbon (mpaka 0.3% carbon)

  • High ductility ndi machinability

  • Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zigawo zamagalimoto, zida zamanja, ndi zomangira

• Chitsulo cha Mpweya Wapakatikati (0.3% -0.6% carbon)

  • Mphamvu zabwino ndi kuuma

  • Zofala muzitsulo, magiya, ndodo zolumikizira

• Chitsulo Chapamwamba cha Carbon (0.6% -1.0% carbon)

  • Zolimba kwambiri komanso zosavala

  • Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mipeni, kufa, ndi akasupe

Maphunziro Ofunika: AISI 1018, AISI 1045, AISI 1095

2. Aloyi Chitsulo

Zitsulo za aloyi zimakulitsidwa ndi zinthu monga chromium, molybdenum, faifi tambala, ndi vanadium kuti alimbikitse kulimba, mphamvu, komanso kukana kuvala.

• Wabwino kuuma ndi kutopa mphamvu

• Ikhoza kutenthedwa pazitsulo zamakina

• Zoyenera pazofunsira zofunidwa

Ntchito Wamba: Crankshafts, magiya opatsirana, zida zamapangidwe

Maphunziro Ofunika: 4140, 4340, 8620, 42CrMo4

3. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimasankhidwa kuti chipangidwe ngati kukana dzimbiri ndikofunikira.

• Zambiri za chromium zimapereka okosijeni komanso kukana dzimbiri

• Mphamvu zabwino ndi kulimba

• Ndioyenera pokonza chakudya, m'madzi, komanso m'mafakitale azachipatala

Mitundu:

• Austenitic (mwachitsanzo, 304, 316): Non-magnetic, high corrosion resistance

• Martensitic (mwachitsanzo, 410, 420): Maginito, kuuma kwakukulu

• Ferritic (mwachitsanzo, 430): Mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi komanso kukana dzimbiri

Common Forged Parts: Flanges, mapampu shafts, zida opaleshoni, fasteners

sakysteelamapereka mitundu yambiri yazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zopangidwa ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Zitsulo Zopanda Ferrous Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito Popanga

1. Aluminiyamu ndi Aluminiyamu Aloyi

Aluminiyamu imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga chifukwa cha kulemera kwake, kukana kwa dzimbiri, komanso kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa kulemera kwake.

• Yosavuta kupanga ndi makina

• Ndiwoyenera malo apamlengalenga, magalimoto, ndi zoyendera

Maphunziro Ofunika:

• 6061 - Mphamvu yayikulu komanso kukana dzimbiri

• 7075 - Mphamvu zapamwamba, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzamlengalenga

• 2024 - Kukana kutopa kwabwino kwambiri

Ntchito Zofananira: Kuwongolera zida, zotengera ndege, ma wheel hubs

2. Ma Aloyi a Copper ndi Copper (Bronze ndi Brass)

Zida zopangidwa ndi mkuwa zimapereka mphamvu zabwino kwambiri zamagetsi ndi kutentha.

• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazolumikizira zamagetsi, zopangira mapaipi, zida zam'madzi

• Ziwalo zabodza zimalimbana ndi kuwonongeka ndi dzimbiri

Key Alloys:

• C110 (mkuwa woyera)

• C360 (mkuwa)

• C95400 (aluminum bronze)

3. Magnesium Aloyi

Ngakhale ndizochepa kwambiri, ma aloyi a magnesium amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomwe zinthu zopepuka ndizofunikira.

• Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi kulemera

• Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzamlengalenga ndi zamagetsi

• Pamafunika ankalamulira forging zinthu

Zolepheretsa: Zokwera mtengo komanso zotakataka panthawi yokonza

Ma Specialty Alloys Omwe Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Popanga

1. Ma Aloyi Opangidwa ndi Nickel

Ma aloyi a Nickel amapangidwa chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana dzimbiri.

• Zofunikira pakukonza mankhwala, kupanga magetsi, ndi zakuthambo

• Kupirira kupsinjika kwambiri, kutentha, ndi kuukira kwamankhwala

Maphunziro Ofunika:

• Mtengo wa 625,718

• Mtengo wa 400

• Hastelloy C-22, C-276

sakysteelamapereka nickel alloy forgings pazovuta zautumiki.

2. Titaniyamu ndi Titaniyamu Aloyi

Titaniyamu imapereka kuphatikiza kwapadera kwamphamvu, kachulukidwe kochepa, komanso kukana dzimbiri.

• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzamlengalenga, zam'madzi, komanso zamankhwala

• Zokwera mtengo koma zabwino pomwe magwiridwe antchito amavomereza mtengo wake

Maphunziro Ofunika:

• Grade 2 (yopanda malonda)

• Ti-6Al-4V (gulu lamphamvu lazamlengalenga)

3. Mafuta a Cobalt

Zojambula zopangidwa ndi Cobalt ndizosavala kwambiri ndipo zimakhalabe mphamvu pakatentha kwambiri.

• Zodziwika m'magawo a turbine, magawo a injini, zoyika zachipatala

• Kukwera mtengo kumalepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apadera kwambiri

Zinthu Zomwe Zimakhudza Kusankhidwa Kwazinthu mu Forging

Kusankha zinthu zoyenera kupangira kutengera zinthu zingapo zofunika:

• Zofunikira zamakina mphamvu

• Kukana kwa dzimbiri ndi oxidation

• Kutentha kwa ntchito

• Machinability ndi formability

• Kutopa ndi kukana kuvala

• Mtengo ndi kupezeka

Mainjiniya ayenera kulinganiza zinthu izi kuti awonetsetse kuti gawo lopangidwa limagwira ntchito modalirika pamalo ake omaliza.

Common Forged Products by Material Type