Kunezinqubo eziningi ezahlukene zokwakheka kwensimbi. Ngokuvamile, ama-billet ensimbi ayashiswa futhi athambe, okwenza ukucubungula insimbi kube lula futhi kuthuthukise izakhiwo zemishini zezingxenye. Ezinye izinqubo zibuye zibumbe insimbi ekushiseni kwegumbi.
Ake sibheke izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kokugoqa okushisayo, ukugoqa okubandayo, ukugoqa okushisayo, kanye nokugoqa okubandayo, sigxile ekusetshenzisweni kwazo emigoqweni yensimbi engagqwali, izikhonkwane ze-alloy, kanye nezingxenye ezenziwe ngokunemba.
Kuyini i-Hot Rolling?
Emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, insimbi kunzima ukuyishintsha nokuyisebenzisa. Kodwa-ke, uma i-billet ishiswa futhi ithambile ngaphambi kokuyigoqa, inqubo iba lula kakhulu—lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukugoqa okushisayo. Ukugoqa okushisayo kunezinzuzo eziningana. Okokuqala, amazinga okushisa aphezulu athambisa insimbi, okwenza kube lula ukushintsha isakhiwo sayo nokucwenga okusanhlamvu kwayo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zayo zemishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphutha angaphakathi njengebhamuza, imifantu, kanye ne-porosity kungahlanganiswa ndawonye ngaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu kanye nengcindezi. Lokhu kwenzaokugoqekileimigoqo yensimbi engagqwaliilungele ukusetshenziswa kwesakhiwo okudinga ukuqina okuthuthukisiwe nokuqina. Kodwa-ke, ukugoqa okushisayo nakho kunezinkinga. Ukungcola okwakugxilwe ekuqaleni ensimbini kungacindezelwa kube yizingqimba ezincane kunokuba kuhlanganiswe nensimbi, okuholela ekuqhekekeni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungabangela imifantu nokuqhekeka, okuthinta amandla ensimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi senqubo yokupholisa ngemva kokugoqa, ukupholisa okungalingani phakathi kwezingqimba zangaphakathi nezangaphandle kungabangela ukuguquka, amandla okukhathala aphansi, kanye nezinye izinkinga.
Kuyini i-Cold Rolling?
Ukugoqa okubandayo ngokuvamile kubhekisela ekusebenziseni amandla angaphandle ensimbini ekushiseni kwegumbi ukuze uyicindezele ibe ugqinsi oluthile. Kodwa-ke, akulungile ukucabanga ukuthi ukugoqa okushisayo kuhilela ukufudumala kuyilapho ukugoqa okubandayo kungenzi kanjalo. Kuye ngezinto ezibonakalayo, ukugoqa okubandayo kungahilela nokushisa okuthile. Umehluko oyinhloko ukuthi uma ukucubungula kwenzeka ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa lokuphinda kusetshenziswe, kubhekwa njengokugoqa okubandayo; uma kungenhla, kungukugoqa okushisayo. Izinzuzo zokugoqa okubandayo zifaka phakathi isivinini esikhulu, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu, kanye nekhono lokugcina ubuqotho bokumboza. Ukugoqa okubandayo kungakha futhi izimo ezahlukahlukene zokuwela ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza ezahlukene futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuguqulwa kwensimbi ngepulasitiki. Ingxubevange egoqekile ebandayoamashidi ensimbikanye nokunembaimichilo yensimbi engagqwalizisetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yezindiza, yezimoto, kanye neye-elekthronikhi lapho ukunemba kobukhulu kanye nekhwalithi yobuso kubalulekile khona. Kodwa-ke, ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi okusele ensimbini egoqwayo ebandayo kungathinta amandla aphelele noma asendaweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ezigoqwayo ezibandayo zivame ukuba nobukhulu obuncane kanye nomthamo ophansi wokuthwala umthwalo.
Kuyini i-Cold Heading?
I-cold heading, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-cold forming, inqubo lapho insimbi ibunjwa ibe uhlobo oluthile ngaphakathi kwe-diye ngokusebenzisa amandla okushaya ngaphandle kokushisa. I-cold heading inikeza izinzuzo eziningana. Njengoba i-billet icindezelwe ngokuphelele ku-diye, akukho ukungcola okuningi noma okungekho ngesikhathi sokucubungula. Iphinde ivumele ukukhiqizwa okuzenzakalelayo, idla amandla amancane njengoba kungekho ukushisa okudingekayo, futhi iqeda isidingo senqubo yokupholisa, okwenza ukukhiqizwa kusheshe futhi kunciphise izindleko. Lokhu kwenza i-cold heading ibe yinkimbinkimbi.izikhonkwanenjengeamabhawodi ensimbi engagqwali, amantongomane, nama-rivets asebenza kahle kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yizinto ezibonakalayo. Kodwa-ke, eminye imisebenzi yokubopha ama-cold heading ayikwazi ukuqedwa ngesinyathelo esisodwa. Esikhundleni salokho, umsebenzi kumele ukhishwe kancane kancane ezinhlakeni ezahlukene, kudingeke izigaba eziningi ukuze kufezwe isimo esifiselekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukubopha ama-cold heading azikwazi ukuba nzima kakhulu.
Kuyini i-Hot Heading?
I-hot heading inqubo lapho insimbi iqala ukushiswa futhi ithanjiswe, bese iguqulwa ngepulasitiki kusetshenziswa amandla okushaya. I-hot heading ingathuthukisa kakhulu isakhiwo sangaphakathi kanye nezakhiwo zemishini zensimbi, ithuthukise amandla ayo kanye ne-plasticity. Iphinde inciphise ubunzima bokucubungula futhi inyuse ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Izinamathiseli zensimbi ezi-alloy ezinamakhanda ashisayo zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni ezidinga amandla aphezulu, njengezindiza, imishini esindayo, kanye nokwakhiwa. Kodwa-ke, i-hot heading idinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu emishinini yokushisa kanye namandla, okwenza izindleko zayo zokukhiqiza zibe ziphakeme kakhulu kune-cold heading.
Ngokuqonda izinzuzo kanye nemikhawulo yalezi zindlela zokwakha insimbi, abakhiqizi bangakhetha indlela efanele kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-14-2025