Hanyar Jujjuyawar Jujjuya da Halayen Kirjinsa

Ƙirƙirar ƙirƙira ɗaya ce mafi tsufa kuma mafi amintaccen tsarin aikin ƙarfe, wanda ake amfani da shi don siffata ƙarfe ta amfani da ƙarfi. Yana haɓaka kaddarorin injina, yana sake fasalin tsarin hatsi, yana kawar da lahani, yana sanya abubuwan ƙirƙira masu dacewa don buƙatar aikace-aikace kamar sararin samaniya, kera motoci, samar da wutar lantarki, gini, da mai da iskar gas.

Wannan labarin ya zayyana datsari kwarara na ƙirƙirada kuma haskaka dakey halaye na forgings, yana ba da haske game da dalilin da yasa aka fi son kayan aikin jabu a cikin aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci a cikin masana'antu.

sakysteel

Menene Ƙarfafawa?

Ƙirƙira tsari ne na masana'anta wanda ake siffata ƙarfe a cikinsa ta hanyar guduma, latsa, ko mirgina. Ana iya yin shi a yanayi daban-daban-zafi, dumi, ko sanyi-ya danganta da kayan aiki da aikace-aikace.

Babban makasudin ƙirƙira shine samar da sassa masu ƙarfi, ƙarfi, da aminci. Ba kamar simintin gyare-gyare ko injina ba, ƙirƙira yana inganta tsarin ciki na kayan ta hanyar daidaita kwararar hatsi tare da siffar ɓangaren, yana haifar da ingantattun kayan aikin injiniya.

Tsari Guda na Ƙarfafawa

Ƙirƙira ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa, daga shirye-shiryen albarkatun ƙasa zuwa ƙarshe na ƙarshe. A ƙasa akwai cikakken bayani game da kwararar tsarin ƙirƙira:

1. Zaɓin kayan aiki

  • An zaɓi albarkatun ƙasa kamar carbon karfe, bakin karfe, gami da ƙarfe, ko ƙarfe mara ƙarfe bisa ga buƙatun aikace-aikacen.

  • Ana duba kayan aiki don abun ciki, tsabta, da daidaito.

2. Yanke Kayan Danye

  • Ana yanke sandar ko billet ɗin da aka zaɓa zuwa tsayin da suka dace ta amfani da shearing, sawing, ko yankan harshen wuta.

3. Dumama

  • Wuraren da aka yanke suna mai zafi a cikin tanderu zuwa yanayin zafi mai dacewa don ƙirƙira (yawanci 1100-1250 ° C don karfe).

  • dumama Uniform yana da mahimmanci don hana damuwa na ciki ko tsagewa.

4. Preforming

  • Kayan da aka zafafa yana da sifar da kyau ta amfani da buɗaɗɗen mutu ko latsa don shirya shi don ƙirƙira ta ƙarshe.

  • Wannan matakin yana taimakawa rarraba kayan daidai gwargwado.

5. Ƙirƙira (Lalacewar)

  • An ƙirƙira ƙarfen zuwa siffar da ake so ta amfani da ko dai:

    • Buɗe-mutu ƙirƙira(farin ƙirƙira)

    • Rufe-mutu ƙirƙira(ra'ayi mutu ƙirƙira)

    • Juyawa tayi

    • Bacin ƙirƙira

  • Ana yin ƙirƙira ta amfani da guduma, injin injin ruwa, ko matsi mai dunƙulewa.

6. Gyara (idan an rufe-mutu ƙirƙira)

  • Ana gyara abubuwan da suka wuce gona da iri (flash) ta amfani da latsawa ko gani.

7. Sanyi

  • An ba da izinin sassan ƙirƙira su yi sanyi ta hanyar sarrafawa don guje wa matsalolin zafi.

8. Maganin zafi

  • Ana amfani da magungunan zafi bayan ƙirƙira irin su annealing, normalizing, quenching, da tempering zuwa:

    • Inganta kayan aikin injiniya

    • Sauke damuwa na ciki

    • Tace tsarin hatsi

9. Tsabtace Sama

  • Ana cire sikelin da oxidation daga tsarin ƙirƙira ta:

    • Harba mai fashewa

    • Pickling

    • Nika

10.Dubawa

  • Gwaje-gwaje masu girma da marasa lalacewa (misali, ultrasonic, ƙwayar maganadisu) ana gudanar da su.

  • Ana yin gwajin injina (tensile, tasiri, taurin) don tabbatar da yarda.

11.Machining da Kammalawa

  • Wasu ƙila za su iya yin aikin injin CNC, hakowa, ko niƙa don saduwa da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na ƙarshe.

12.Alama da Shiryawa

  • Ana yiwa samfuran alamar lambobi, ƙayyadaddun bayanai, da lambobin zafi.

  • An cika sassan da aka gama don bayarwa tare da takaddun da ake buƙata.

Halayen Forgings

Forgings suna ba da fa'idodi daban-daban a ƙarfi, mutunci, da aiki idan aka kwatanta da simintin gyare-gyare ko na'ura. A ƙasa akwai ainihin halayen:

1. Babban Kayayyakin Injini

  • Ƙarfin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, juriya na gajiya, da ƙarfin tasiri.

  • Mafi dacewa ga ɓangarorin da aka yiwa nauyi mai ƙarfi ko hawan keke.

2. Gudun Hatsi na Hankali

  • Tsarin hatsi yana daidaitawa tare da juzu'i na sashi, ƙara ƙarfin ƙarfi da juriya ga damuwa.

3. Ingantaccen Tsari Tsari

  • Ƙirƙirar ƙirƙira tana kawar da ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen ciki, rashin ƙarfi, da haɗa abubuwan gama gari a cikin simintin gyare-gyare.

4. Mafi Girma da Tauri

  • Zai iya ɗaukar girgiza da nakasa ba tare da fashewa ba.

  • Mai amfani a cikin babban matsi ko tasiri mai tasiri.

5. Ingantacciyar Ƙarfin Sama

  • Sassan ƙirƙira galibi suna da santsi, filaye iri ɗaya fiye da simintin gyare-gyare.

6. Madaidaicin Girman Girmamawa

  • Musamman a cikin rufaffiyar ƙirƙira, inda haƙuri ya kasance m da daidaito.

7. Juyawa a cikin Material

  • Ya dace da nau'ikan kayan aiki masu yawa: bakin karfe, bakin karfe, karfe kayan aiki, aluminum, titanium, da jan karfe.

8. Rage Sharar Material

  • Babban amfani da kayan aiki idan aka kwatanta da machining daga ingantattun tubalan.

Nau'in Hanyoyin Ƙirƙira

Buɗe-Die Forging

  • Sauƙaƙe, manyan siffofi kamar shafts, fayafai, da tubalan.

  • Ƙarin sassauƙa, amma ƙarancin daidaiton girma.

Ƙirƙirar Rufe-Mutu

  • Complex, net-siffar sassa.

  • Farashin kayan aiki mafi girma, mafi inganci.

Ƙirƙirar sanyi

  • Anyi a yanayin zafi.

  • Sakamako a cikin kyakkyawan gamawar saman da sarrafa girma.

Zafafan ƙirƙira

  • Yana ƙara ductility kuma yana rage ƙarfin ƙirƙira.

  • An yi amfani da shi sosai don abubuwa masu tauri kamar gami karfe.

Hannun Jarumi Na Musamman

  • Crankshafts

  • Sanduna masu haɗawa

  • Gears da gear blanks

  • Flanges da kayan aiki

  • Valves da couplings

  • Maƙallan Jirgin Sama

  • Railway axles

  • Matsakaicin nauyi

Forgings suna da mahimmanci a duk inda ake buƙatar ƙarfi da aminci a ƙarƙashin ƙalubale na yanayin aiki.

Masana'antu Masu Dogaro da Ƙarfafawa

  • Motoci: Injin sassa, axles, tuƙi knuckles

  • Jirgin sama: Kayan saukarwa, injin turbine, abubuwan haɗin jirgin sama

  • Mai & Gas: Flanges, bawuloli, matsa lamba jirgin ruwa aka gyara

  • Gina: Kayan aiki, masu haɗin gine-gine

  • Ma'adinai da Manyan Injina: Rollers, shafts, fil, da links

  • Samar da Wutar Lantarki: Turbine ruwan wukake, janareta shafts

Ƙirƙira yana da mahimmanci a waɗannan sassa inda aminci, aiki, da rayuwar sabis ba sa tattaunawa.

Ka'idodin inganci da Takaddun shaida

At sakysteel, samfuran jabu ana kera su kuma ana gwada su don cika ka'idodin duniya kamar:

  • ASTM A182– Ƙarfe ko Ƙarfe da Gilashin Bututun Bakin Karfe, Ƙirƙirar Kayan Aiki

  • EN 10222- Ƙarfe don dalilai na matsi

  • ASME B16.5 / B16.47- Flanges

  • ISO 9001– Quality Management

  • EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2– Takaddun gwaji na Mill

Muna tabbatar da cikakken ganowa, takaddun inganci, da tallafin dubawa na ɓangare na uku kamar yadda ake buƙata.

Kammalawa

Ƙirƙirar ƙirƙira ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ingantattun hanyoyin samar da ƙarfe masu inganci, masu iya samar da sassa masu ƙarfi tare da mutuncin da bai dace ba. Daga jujjuyawar katako a cikin masana'antar wutar lantarki zuwa mahimman abubuwan da ke cikin jirgin sama da na'urorin sarrafa sinadarai, ɓangarorin ƙirƙira suna ba da ingantaccen aikin injiniya, daidaito, da dorewa.

Ta hanyar fahimtarƙirƙira tsari kwararada kumakey halaye na forgings, injiniyoyi da ƙwararrun saye za su iya yin zaɓin kayan da aka sani don takamaiman aikace-aikacen su.

Don ingantattun ƙirƙira, gami da bakin karfe da sassan ƙarfe na gami, dogarasakysteeldon isar da daidaito, aiki, da kwanciyar hankali.

Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-01-2025