Mayendedwe a Forging ndi Makhalidwe a Mapangidwe Ake

Kupanga ndi imodzi mwazinthu zakale kwambiri komanso zodalirika zopangira zitsulo, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zopondereza. Imakulitsa zida zamakina, imayenga mbewu zambewu, ndikuchotsa zolakwika, kupanga zida zopangira zida zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ngati mlengalenga, magalimoto, kupanga magetsi, zomangamanga, mafuta ndi gasi.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zandondomeko yopita patsogolondi kuwonetserazizindikiro zazikulu za forgings, kupereka chidziwitso pachifukwa chiyani zida zopangidwira zimakondedwa pakugwiritsa ntchito zovuta m'mafakitale.

sakysteel

Kodi Forging N'chiyani?

Kupanga ndi njira yopangira momwe chitsulo chimapangidwira ndi nyundo, kukanikiza, kapena kugudubuza. Ikhoza kuchitidwa pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana—kutentha, kutentha, kapena kuzizira—malinga ndi zinthu ndi ntchito yake.

Cholinga chachikulu cha kupanga ndi kupanga zida zamphamvu kwambiri, zolimba, komanso zodalirika. Mosiyana ndi kuponyera kapena kupanga makina, kupanga bwino kumapangitsa kuti mkati mwazinthu zikhale bwino pogwirizanitsa kutuluka kwa tirigu ndi mawonekedwe a gawolo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makina aziwoneka bwino.

Njira Yoyendetsera Ntchito

Kupanga kumaphatikizapo masitepe angapo, kuyambira kukonza zinthu mpaka kumaliza komaliza. Pansipa pali tsatanetsatane wa njira yopangira mayendedwe:

1. Kusankha Zinthu

  • Zida zopangira monga chitsulo cha kaboni, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chitsulo cha aloyi, kapena zitsulo zosakhala ndi chitsulo zimasankhidwa kutengera zofunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

  • Zida zimawunikiridwa kuti ziwonekere, zaukhondo, komanso kusasinthasintha.

2. Kudula Zopangira

  • Chophimba chosankhidwa kapena billet chimadulidwa mu utali woyenerera pogwiritsa ntchito kumeta, kudula, kapena kudula moto.

3. Kutentha

  • Zosowa zodulidwazo zimatenthedwa mu ng'anjo yamoto kutentha koyenera kupangira (nthawi zambiri 1100-1250 ° C yachitsulo).

  • Kutentha kofanana ndikofunikira kuti mupewe kupsinjika kwamkati kapena kusweka.

4. Kukonzekeratu

  • Chotenthetseracho chimapangidwa mozungulira pogwiritsa ntchito open-die kapena kusindikiza kuti chikonzekere kufota komaliza.

  • Izi zimathandiza kugawa zinthu mofanana.

5. Kupanga (Deformation)

  • Chitsulocho chimapangidwa kuti chikhale chofuna kugwiritsa ntchito:

    • Open-die forging(zopanda malire)

    • Kutsekera kotsekedwa(kujambula zithunzi)

    • Kuzungulira mphete

    • Kusokoneza bongo

  • Kupanga kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito nyundo, makina osindikizira a hydraulic, kapena makina osindikizira.

6. Kuchepetsa (ngati kutsekedwa kwakufa)

  • Zinthu zowonjezera (zowunikira) zimadulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira kapena macheka.

7. Kuziziritsa

  • Ziwalo zopukutira zimaloledwa kuziziritsa mwadongosolo kuti tipewe kupsinjika kwa kutentha.

8. Kutentha Chithandizo

  • Njira zochizira kutentha pambuyo popanga monga kutsekereza, normalizing, kuzimitsa, ndi kutentha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku:

    • Kupititsa patsogolo makina

    • Pewani kupsinjika kwamkati

    • Yeretsani dongosolo lambewu

9. Kuyeretsa Pamwamba

  • Scale ndi oxidation kuchokera pakupanga zimachotsedwa ndi:

    • Kuwombera mfuti

    • Kutola

    • Kupera

10.Kuyendera

  • Mayeso amtundu uliwonse komanso osawononga (mwachitsanzo, akupanga, maginito tinthu) amachitidwa.

  • Kuyesa kwamakina (kukhazikika, kukhudzidwa, kuuma) kumachitidwa kuti zitsimikizire kutsatira.

11.Machining ndi Kumaliza

  • Ena forgings akhoza kukumana CNC Machining, kubowola, kapena akupera kukwaniritsa mfundo zomaliza.

12.Kulemba ndi Kulongedza

  • Zogulitsa zimakhala ndi manambala a batch, mafotokozedwe, ndi manambala a kutentha.

  • Magawo omalizidwa amadzazidwa kuti atumizidwe ndi zolemba zofunika.

Makhalidwe a Forgings

Forgings amapereka maubwino apadera mu mphamvu, kukhulupirika, ndi magwiridwe antchito poyerekeza ndi zida zoponyedwa kapena makina. M'munsimu muli makhalidwe ake:

1. Superior Mechanical Properties

  • Kulimba kwamphamvu kwambiri, kukana kutopa, komanso kulimba kwamphamvu.

  • Ndi abwino kwa magawo omwe ali ndi katundu wosunthika kapena wozungulira.

2. Directional Mbewu Flow

  • Mapangidwe a mapira amagwirizana ndi gawo la geometry, kukulitsa kulimba komanso kukana kupsinjika.

3. Kulimbitsa Umphumphu Wamapangidwe

  • Kupanga kumathetsa voids mkati, porosity, ndi inclusions zofala poponya.

4. Great Ductility ndi Kulimba

  • Imatha kuyamwa kugwedezeka ndi kusinthika popanda kusweka.

  • Zothandiza m'malo opanikizika kwambiri kapena m'malo okhudzidwa kwambiri.

5. Ubwino Wapamwamba Pamwamba

  • Ziwalo zopukutira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosalala, zowoneka bwino kuposa zopangira.

6. Kulondola Kwambiri Kwambiri

  • Makamaka mu kutsekedwa-fa forging, kumene kulolerana kumakhala kolimba komanso kosasinthasintha.

7. Kusinthasintha Kwazinthu

  • Zoyenera pazinthu zosiyanasiyana: chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chitsulo cha aloyi, chitsulo chachitsulo, aluminium, titaniyamu, ndi mkuwa.

8. Kuchepa kwa Zinthu Zowonongeka

  • Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zinthu poyerekeza ndi makina opangidwa ndi midadada yolimba.

Mitundu ya Njira Zopangira

Open-Die Forging

  • Zosavuta, zazikulu zowoneka ngati ma shafts, ma discs, ndi midadada.

  • Kusinthasintha kochulukirapo, koma kulondola kocheperako.

Closed-Die Forging

  • Zigawo zovuta, zooneka ngati ukonde.

  • Mtengo wokwera wa zida, kulondola kwabwinoko.

Cold Forging

  • Kuchitidwa pa firiji.

  • Kumapeto kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso kuwongolera kowoneka bwino.

Hot Forging

  • Imawonjezera ductility ndikuchepetsa mphamvu zopangira.

  • Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zolimba monga chitsulo cha alloy.

Zomwe Zapangidwira Zopangira

  • Ma Crankshafts

  • Zogwirizanitsa zitsulo

  • Magiya ndi zida zopanda kanthu

  • Flanges ndi zopangira

  • Mavavu ndi ma couplings

  • Mabulaketi amlengalenga

  • Ma axle a njanji

  • Ma shafts olemera kwambiri

Ma forgings ndi ofunikira kulikonse komwe mphamvu ndi kudalirika kumafunikira pansi pazovuta zogwirira ntchito.

Makampani Omwe Amadalira Forging

  • Zagalimoto: Zigawo za injini, ma axles, zowongolera

  • Zamlengalenga: Zida zolowera, ma turbine disks, zida za airframe

  • Mafuta & Gasi: Flanges, ma valve, zigawo zotengera zotengera

  • Zomangamanga: Zida, zolumikizira zomangamanga

  • Migodi ndi Makina Olemera: Zodzigudubuza, shaft, mapini, ndi maulalo

  • Mphamvu Zamagetsi: Masamba a turbine, ma shaft a jenereta

Kupangana ndikofunikira kwambiri m'magawo awa momwe chitetezo, magwiridwe antchito, ndi moyo wautumiki ndizosakambirana.

Miyezo Yabwino ndi Zitsimikizo

At sakysteel, zinthu zopeka zimapangidwa ndikuyesedwa kuti zikwaniritse miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi monga:

  • Chithunzi cha ASTM A182- Mapaipi Opangidwa Kapena Okulungidwa ndi Mapaipi Osapanga dzimbiri, Zopangira Zopangira

  • EN 10222- Zopangira zitsulo pofuna kukakamiza

  • ASME B16.5 / B16.47- Flanges

  • ISO 9001– Quality Management

  • EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2- Zikalata zoyeserera za Mill

Timaonetsetsa kutsatiridwa kwathunthu, zolembedwa zabwino, ndi chithandizo chowunikira chachitatu monga zikufunikira.

Mapeto

Kupanga kumakhalabe imodzi mwa njira zodalirika komanso zogwira mtima zopangira zitsulo, zomwe zimatha kupanga zigawo zamphamvu kwambiri ndi kukhulupirika kosayerekezeka. Kuchokera pamakina opangira ma shaft m'mafakitale amagetsi kupita kuzinthu zofunikira kwambiri mu ndege ndi ma reactors amankhwala, zida zopukutira zimapereka magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, osasinthasintha, komanso kulimba.

Pomvetsetsakupanga njira yopitandizizindikiro zazikulu za forgings, mainjiniya ndi akatswiri ogula zinthu amatha kupanga zisankho zodziwikiratu pazosankha zawo zenizeni.

Pazopanga zapamwamba, kuphatikiza zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi zitsulo za aloyi, khulupiriranisakysteelkupereka zolondola, ntchito, ndi mtendere wamalingaliro.

Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-01-2025