He aha ngā Arowhai Kounga mō ngā Hangahanga?

He whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā mea whakarewa i roto i ngā ahumahi e hiahia ana ki te kaha, te pono, me te mahi pai—pērā i te rererangi, te motuka, te whakaputa hiko, te hanga kaipuke, me ngā matū hinu. Engari ko te hanga i tētahi mea whakarewa he wāhanga noa iho o te kōrero. Hei whakarite i te haumaru me te mahi pai i roto i ngā tono nui, ko teme tino manatoko te kounga o ngā mea hangai mua i te whakamahinga.

Nō reira,He aha ngā tirotiro kounga mō ngā mea hanga?Mā tēnei tuhinga koe e ārahi i roto i ngā tikanga tirotiro matua, ngā paerewa whakamātautau, me ngā mahi whakahaere kounga e whakamahia ana i roto i te umanga hanga. Ngā kamupene pēnei isakysteelwhakauru i ngā paparanga tirotiro maha ki ia wāhanga o te tukanga hanga hei tuku i ngā wāhanga pono, whaimana hoki ki ngā kiritaki puta noa i te ao.

He aha te Hiranga o ngā Tirotiro Kounga i roto i te Hanga

Mā ngā arowhai kounga ka āwhina i te whakarite kia:

• Te tika o ngā āhuatanga

• Te pono o te hanganga

• Ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha ōrite

• Te mutunga o te mata me te āhua

• Te tutuki i ngā paerewa o te ao (ASTM, EN, ISO, me ētahi atu)

Ki te kore e tirohia tika te wāhanga i hangaia, ka puta pea ēnei āhuatanga:

• Te rahunga o ngā taputapu

• Wā whakatārewatanga o te whakaputanga

• Ngā whakahokinga utu nui, ngā whakatikatika rānei

• Ngā tūponotanga haumaru

Ngā Wāhanga Matua o te Arowhai Kounga mō ngā Hangahanga

Kua wehea te tukanga tirotiro hangahanga ki ētahi wāhanga matua:

1. Tirotiro Rauemi Mata

2. Te Mana Kounga i roto i te Tukanga (IPQC)

3. Tirotiro me te Whakamātautau Whakamutunga

4. Te Tuhituhi me te Whai Aroturuki

Kia tūhuratia ia mea.

1. Tirotiro Rauemi Mata

Ka tīmata te whakapūmau kounga i mua i te tīmatanga o te mahi hanga. Me tutuki i te rauemi mata—ahakoa he maitai, he pae, he ingot rānei—ngā whakaritenga tika mō te hanganga matū me te horoi.

Ngā tirotiro i mahia:

• Tātaritanga matūte whakamahi i ngā ine āwhata, i te ine āwhata tukunga whatu rānei (OES)

• Tirotiro ā-kanohimō ngā kapiti o te mata, te waikura, te poke rānei

• Whakamātautau Ultrasonichei tirotiro mō ngā whakaurunga o roto, ngā āputa rānei

• Manatoko tiwhikete rauemi(MTC, EN 10204 3.1, 3.2 rānei)

sakysteelKo ngā rauemi mata anake e tangohia ana e rātou mai i ngā mira whaimana, ā, ka manatokohia katoatia ngā rauemi i mua i te tīmatanga o tētahi tukanga hanga.

2. Te Mana Kounga i roto i te Tukanga (IPQC)

I te wā e hanga ana, ka tirotirohia tonutia kia tika ai te hanganga o ia wāhanga, kia kore ai hoki he koha.

a) Whakahaere Pāmahana

Me noho tonu te pāmahana o te hanga i roto i tētahi awhe tika mō ia momo rauemi. Ka taea e te wera nui te whakatupu i te witi, engari ka taea e te wera iti te arahi ki ngā pakaru.

• Ngā inemahana infraredmengā pūmōnetearoturuki i te pāmahana o te mata me te matua

• Ngā kaiwhakahaere oumu mamatikia rite tonu ngā huringa whakamahana

b) Ngā Tirotiro Tirohanga me ngā Ahu

I te wā e hanga ana, ā, i muri hoki i te hanga, ka tirohia e ngā kaiwhakahaere:

• Te rere tika o te konganuku

• Te hanganga uira

• Ngā pakaru, ngā takai, ngā kopa

• Te whakarerekētanga me te piko

Ka whakahaerehia ngā tirotiro i ngā āhuatanga taketake mā te whakamahi i ngā calipers, ngā ine, me ngā tauira.

c) Tirotiro i te Mate me ngā Utauta

Mā te tirotiro auau i ngā makere hanga ka ōrite te āhua, ka ārai hoki i ngā hapa o te mata.

3. Tirotiro Whakamutunga me te Whakamātautau

Koinei te wāhanga tino nui o te whakapūmau kounga. Ka whai wāhi te wāhanga hanga ki ētahi whakamātautau kore-whakangaro me ngā whakamātautau ā-mīhini hei whakaū kei te tutuki i ngā paerewa hoahoa me te haumaru katoa.

a) Tirotiro Ahu

• Mīhini Ine Taurite (CMM)e whakamahia ana mō ngā āhuahanga uaua

• Ngā karāpe, ngā maikiromita, me ngā tauiratirohia te rahi whānui, te papatahi, te porowhita, me te matotoru

• Ka manatokohia ngā manawanui e ai ki ngā tuhi me ngā paerewa o te ao

b) Tirotiro Tirohanga

Ka tirohia e te kaitirotiro whakangungua:

• Ngā ngatata, ngā haehae, ngā takai rānei o te mata

• Te waikura, te tauine rānei

• He āhua kino, he koi rānei ngā taha

• Uira kāore i tino tapahia

Ngā mea hanga mai isakysteelme tirotirohia 100% i mua i te tākai.

c) Whakamātautau Kore-Whakangaro (NDT)

Ka tautuhia e ēnei whakamātautau ngā hapa o roto, o te mata rānei, me te kore e pakaru te wāhanga.