308 kana 309 zviri nani here paSimbi Isina Chinopfuta?

Kana zvasvika pakubatanidza simbi isina ngura kuita simbi isina ngura, mumwe wemibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nemainjiniya nevagadziri ndewekuti:
"Ndinofanira kushandisa simbi yekuzadza 308 kana 309 here?"

Zvose 308 ne309 ndizvozvinhu zvekuzadza simbi isina ngura zvinogadzirwa neausteniticdzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira nekugadzirisa zvivakwa zvesimbi isingatsvi. Zvisinei, dzinoshanda zvakasiyana zvichienderana nekuumbwa kwesimbi yepakutanga, mamiriro ekunamira, uye nzvimbo yebasa.

Muchinyorwa chino chakadzama,SAKYSTEL, kambani yepasi rose inogadzira simbi dzisina ngura uye inotumira kunze kwenyika, inotsanangura kutimutsauko uripo pakati pesimbi 308 ne309 dzisina ngura, hunhu hwavo hwemakemikari nesimbi, uye ndeipi inoshanda zviri nani pakushandiswa kwesimbi isina ngura kusvika isina ngura.

1. Nhanganyaya kuSimbi Dzisina Kusimba 308 ne309

308 Simbi Isina Kushanda

308 simbi isina ngura(UNS S30800) ikambani yeaustenitic chromium-nickel alloyyakagadzirirwa kunyanya kupinzaSimbi dzisina ngura dze304 ne304LIne zvinhu zvakatenderedza20% chromiumuye10% nickel, zvichiita kuti irambe yakasimba mukuora uye ikwanise kusundirwa zvakanaka.

Nekuda kwekufanana kwayo ne304, 308 filler ndiyosarudzo yakajairikakana uchibatanidza 304 kusvika 304 kana mamwe simbi dzisina ngura dzinosvika 300 munzvimbo dzisina kusimba zvakanyanya.

309 Simbi Isina Kusimba

309 simbi isina ngura(UNS S30900) imhando ye chromium-nickel alloy inogadzirwawo, asi inechromium yakakwira (≈23%)uyenickel (≈13%)kupfuura 308. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive zvakanyanyainodzivirira kuoxidation, kuneta kwekupisa, uye kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemafuta pakupisa kwakanyanya.

Pakutanga yakagadzirwa segiredhi rinodzivirira kupisa, 309 ikozvino inoshandiswawo sesimbi yekuzadza shandukoyekubatanidza simbi dzisina ngura dzakasiyana uye yekusanganisa simbi dzisina ngura nekabhoni.

2. Kuumbwa kweMakemikoro

Makemikoro acho anosarudza kuti chisanganiswa chimwe nechimwe chinoshanda sei panguva yekusanganisa uye mushure mekusanganisa.

  • 308 Simbi Isina Kugadzirwa:

    • Chromium: 19–21%

    • Nickel: 9–11%

    • Kabhoni: ≤0.08%

    • Manganese: ≤2%

    • Silikoni: ≤1%

  • 309 Simbi Isina Kugadzirwa:

    • Chromium: 22–24%

    • Nickel: 12–15%

    • Kabhoni: ≤0.08%

    • Manganese: ≤2%

    • Silikoni: ≤1%

Musiyano Mukuru:

309 inehuwandu hwakawanda hwe alloy, kuwedzera kuramba kurwiswakupisa uye oxidationasi zvichiita zvishomainodhura zvakanyanyakupfuura 308.

3. Hunhu hweMicrostructure neMetallurgical

Zvose 308 ne309 ndizvoausteniticsimbi dzisina ngura, zvichireva kuti chimiro chadzo chekristarocubic iri pakati pechiso (FCC)Izvi zvinovapa kugona kusimba, kusimba, uye kuramba ngura zvakanaka.

Zvisinei, avozviri mukati meferritemushure mekusimbiswa kwakasiyana:

  • Simbi yesimbi ye308 inowanzo kuve ne3–10% ferrite, izvo zvinoderedza kupisa kunoputika.

  • Simbi ye309 weld inowanzova nehuwandu hwakawanda hweferrite(kusvika ku15%), zvichivandudza kuramba kusimba kwekutsemuka pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya.

Saka, 309 iri nani kunekubatanidza zvikamu zvakakora kana zvinhu zvine kupisa kwakanyanya, uko kutsemuka kuri dambudziko.

4. Kushandiswa kweWelding kwe308

308 simbi yekuzadzandiyo nzira inoshandiswa muindasitiri yekuwederasimbi dzisina ngura dzinoshandiswa neausteniticsenge 304, 304L, uye 301.

Mashandisirwo Akajairika:

  • Kushongedza304/304L kusvika 304/304L

  • Kugadzirwa kwematangi, mapaipi, uye zvikamu zvechivakwa

  • Midziyo yekugadzirisa chikafu nezvinwiwa

  • Mashandisirwo ekuvaka nekushongedza

308L (mhando yekabhoni shoma) inowanzoshandiswa kudzivirirakunaya kwemvura ine kabhoniuye kuchengetedza kuramba kukora mukatimajoini akabatanidzwapasina kurapwa kwekupisa mushure mekusveta.

Zvakanakira zve308:

  • Kuenderana kwakanaka kwazvo nesimbi dzisina ngura dzinosvika 304 nedzimwe dzakafanana

  • Chitarisiko chakanaka cheweld uye kubviswa kwetsvina kuri nyore

  • Inochengetedza ngura munzvimbo zhinji

Miganhu:

  • Hazvina kunaka kushandiswa pakupisa kwakanyanya kupfuura 800°C

  • Hazvina kukodzera kubatanidza simbi isina ngura nesimbi yekabhoni

5. Kushandiswa kweWelding kwe309

309 simbi yekuzadzayakagadzirirwahuwandu hwakawanda hwe alloyuyekuenderana kwakakurakupfuura 308.

Mashandisirwo Akajairika:

  • Kushongedzasimbi isina ngura kuenda kusimbi yekabhoni kana simbi isina alloy yakawanda

  • Kubatanasimbi dzisina ngura dzakasiyana(semuenzaniso, 304 kusvika 310, kana 316 kusvika 321)

  • Kugadzirisa welding yemhando dzisingazivikanwe dzesimbi dzisina ngura

  • Zvikamu zvinopisa zvakanyanya zvakaita sezvikamu zvechoto, zvinochinja-chinja kupisa, uye masisitimu eutsi

Kuwedzera kwe chromium uye nickel mu309 kunoita kuti ikwaniseshivirira kusawirirana kwezviri muchimiropakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzesimbi dzisina kutsemuka kana ngura.

Zvakanakira zve309:

  • Kudzivirira zvakanyanya kuoxidation uye kuwedzera kusvika 1100°C

  • Kushivirira kwakanyanya kune simbi dzakasanganiswa kana dzisingazivikanwe

  • Kudzikira kwemaitiro ekutsemuka panguva yekushongedza nekupisa kwakanyanya

Miganhu:

  • Inodhura zvishoma pane 308

  • Kuenzanisa kwakawanda kunogona kuderedza ductility ye welds dzakatetepa

6. Kuramba Kuora

Mhando dzose dziri mbiri dzinodzivirira ngura zvakanaka, asi nzvimbo yebasa ndiyo inosarudza kuti ndeipi inoshanda zviri nani.

  • 308:Yakanakisa mumamiriro emakemikari ari mumhepo uye akapfava, yakafanana ne304 isina ngura.

  • 309:Yepamusoro munzvimbo dzinopisa uye dzinopisa zvakanyanya, zvichibvumira kupisa kutenderera pasina kukwesha kana kukanda mafuta.

Zvenzvimbo dzine chloride yakawanda mugungwa kana kuti mugungwa, hapana 308 kana 309 inoshanda zvakanaka semagiredhi ane molybdenum akadai se316 kana 317.

Zvisinei, kunemichina yekupisa yeindasitiri uye majoini ekuchinja, 309 inobudirira zviri pachena kupfuura 308.

7. Kuramba Kupisa Kwakanyanya

Uyu ndiwo mumwe wemisiyano yakakosha pakati pe308 ne309.

  • 308:Inoita zvakanaka kusvika870°C (1600°F)usati warasikirwa nesimba uye kuramba kuoxidation.

  • 309:Anochengetedza kuvimbika kusvika1100°C (2010°F), zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzerachoto uye masisitimu ekubuda kwemhepo.

Saka, kana jira rakasungirirwa rakaiswa pachenakupisa kunoenderera mberi kana kutenderera, 309 ndiyo sarudzo iri nani.

8. Zvimiro zveMichina

Hunhu hwemakanika hunowanzo shandiswa pakugadzira simbi dzese (mamiriro ekuiswa kwesimbi):

  • 308:

    • Simba reKubata: ~550 MPa

    • Simba reKuburitsa: ~350 MPa

    • Kureba: 35%

  • 309:

    • Simba reKubata: ~620 MPa

    • Simba reKuburitsa: ~420 MPa

    • Kureba: 35%

Mhedziso:
Maweld e309 akasimba uye anodzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya, nepo maweld e308 akasimba uye ari nyore kuapedzisa pakushandisa runako kana hutsanana.

9. Kugona Kubatanidza uye Kugadzira

Zvose 308 ne309 zvinekugona kupinza zvakanakauye inogona kushandiswa nemaitiro ese akajairika —GTAW (TIG), GMAW (MIG), SMAW (Chimuti), uye FCAW (Flux-Cored).

Zvisinei, funga zvinotevera:

  • Shandisa308Lpakubatanidza simbi dzisina ngura dzakaderera kuti dzisapararire pakati pemagranules.

  • Shandisa309kana uchibatanidza simbi dzakasiyana kana kuti kana muumbirwo chaiwo wehwaro usingazivikanwe.

Kuti udzivise kutsemuka,kudzora kupisa kwemukatiuyechengetedza tembiricha dzepakati pemasendimita pasi pe150°C.

10. Simbi Dzinoenderana

Mutemo mukuru:

Musanganiswa weSimbi Yekutanga Chinozadza Chinokurudzirwa
304 kusvika 304 308 kana 308L
304 kusvika 316 309 kana 309L
304 kusvika kuCarbon Steel 309
310 kusvika 304 309
316 kusvika 316 316L kana 309

Kubva pane izvi, unogona kuona308 inoshandiswa kufananidza, panguva iyo309 inoshandiswa pakubatanidzapakati pezvinhu zvakasiyana.

11. Kurapa Kupisa uye Kufunga Nezvekutevera Mushure meWeld

Hapana chinoda kuti 308 kana 309kurapwa kwekupisa mushure mekusvetamumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika. Zvisinei, kana paine basa rakakosha apo mvura ye carbide inogona kunaya,giredhi rakagadzikana (308L kana 309L)zvinokurudzirwa.

Kune zvikamu zvakakora kana majoini ane kushushikana kwakanyanya,kunyungudutsa pa 1040–1120°Czvichiteverwa nekutonhora nekukurumidza zvinogona kudzoreredza kugona kwekushanda uye kuramba ngura.

12. Kuenzanisa Mutengo

Kazhinji,309 inodhura ne10–15%kupfuura 308 nekuda kwehuwandu hwayo hwakawanda hwe nickel ne chromium.

Zvisinei, kushandisa 309 kunogona kuchengetedza mari kwenguva refu kana uchibata nekushongedza kwakasiyana kana kuratidzwa pakupisa kwakanyanya, sezvo ichidzivirira kutsemuka uye kutadza kushanda kwemajoini nguva isati yakwana.

Kana chikumbiro chacho chinosanganisiramajoini akareruka asina ngura kusvika asina ngura pasi pekupisa kwakajairika, 308 ndiyosarudzo isingadhuri zvakanyanya.

13. Ndeipi Iri Nani Pakushongedza Zvisina Kugayiwa Zvisina Kugayiwa Zvisina Kugayiwa?

Mhinduro yacho inoenderana zvachose nemagiredhi asina tsvina ari kubatanidzwauyemamiriro ebasa:

  • Zve304 kusvika 304 or ma alloys akafanana, sarudza308(kana 308L).

  • Zve304 kusvika 316, 304 kusvika 310, kana simbi dzisina ngura dzakasiyana, sarudza309.

  • Zvemagiredhi asina kusimba asingazivikanwi kana akasanganiswa, 309inopa kushivirira kuri nani uye inoderedza njodzi yekutsemuka.

  • Zvekupisa kwakanyanya (mavira, mautsi), 309inoita zvirinani.

14. Muenzaniso Unoshanda

Fungidzira uchisontaPombi isina ngura ye304L kuenda kuflange isina ngura ye310:

  • Kushandisa308zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko ekusanganiswa kwemvura uye kupisa kunokonzera kusawirirana kwemusanganiswa.

  • Kushandisa309inotsiva chromium nenickel yakakwira, zvichiita kuti simbi irambe yakawirirana ine ngura yakasimba uye inodzivirira kupisa.

Nokudaro, kunekugadzirwa kwezviyo zvakawanda, 309 ndiyo sarudzo yakachengeteka uye inogara kwenguva refu.

15. Sei Uchifanira Kusarudza SAKYSTEL Semutengesi Wako weSimbi Isina Kusara

Nemakore ehunyanzvi mukugadzirwa kwesimbi isina ngura, zvinhu zvekunamira, uye maindasitiri ekugadzira zvinhu, SAKYSTELinopa zveseSimbi dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinokwana 308 ne309, waya, netsvimbo zvinosangana nezvinodiwa pasi rose zvakaita seAWS A5.9, ASTM A240, uye EN ISO 14343.

Tinopa:

  • ER308, ER308L, ER309, ER309L TIG uye waya dzeMIG

  • Mapureti esimbi isina ngura, simbi dzakagadzirwa mumhando dzose huru

  • YakazaraChitupa chekuyedza che3.1 / 3.2 mill

  • Kurongedza kwakagadzirirwa uye kutumira nekukurumidza pasi rose

Ungave uchigadzira matangi emhando yepamusoro kana zvinhu zvinodzivirira kupisa,SAKYSTELinopa mhando inogara iripo, mashandiro akavimbika, uye sevhisi yehunyanzvi pasi rese.

16. Pfungwa Dzekupedzisira

Pakusarudza pakati308 ne309yewelding yesimbi isina ngura kusvika isina ngura, funga nezvemamakisi esimbi, tembiricha yekushandauyengura.

  • 308yakanakirawelding isina ngura yemhando imwe chete, zvichipa mwero, kuchengetedza mari, uye nyore kushandisa.

  • 309zviri nani kunema alloys akasiyana, anodziya zvakanyanya, kana asina chokwadi, zvichiita kuti majoini akasimba, asatsemuke, uye anodzivirira kupisa.

Ma alloys ese ari maviri zvishandiso zvakakosha kune vanowedera nemainjiniya - uye kusarudza chaiyo kunoita kuti ishande kwenguva refu, kuchengetedzeka, uye kugara kwenguva refu mune chero chirongwa chekugadzira simbi isina ngura.

Kuti uwane zvinhu zvesimbi zvisina ngura zvakabvumidzwa uye nhungamiro yehunyanzvi, bataSAKYSTEL— mubatsiri wako waunovimba nayesimbi dzisina ngura dzepamusoro-soro uye zvinodyiwa zvekunamira.

Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-22-2025