Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ho khetha bare e nepahetseng ea tšepe ea motsoako bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa mechini, tsa lifofane, kapa tsa indasteri, mabitso a mararo a atisa ho hlahella -4140, 4130le4340. Litšepe tsena tsa chromium-molybdenum tse nang le alloy e tlase li tsebahala ka matla a tsona, ho tiea le ho sebetsa hantle ha tsona. Empa u tseba joang hore na ke efe e loketseng projeke ea hau?
Tataisong ena e felletseng, re bapisaMekoallo ea tšepe ea 4140 khahlanong le 4130 khahlanong le 4340ho pholletsa le litekanyo tsa bohlokoa tse kang sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale, thepa ea mechini, ho thatafala, ho tjheseletsa, kalafo ea mocheso, le ho tšoaneleha ha ts'ebeliso - ho thusa baenjiniere, baetsi ba thepa le bareki ho etsa liqeto tse nang le tsebo ea thepa.
1. Selelekela ho Libara tsa Tšepe tsa 4140, 4130, le 4340
1.1 Litšepe tse se nang motsoako o tlase ke eng?
Litšepe tse nang le alloy e tlase ke litšepe tsa carbon tse kenyelletsang likarolo tse nyane tsa alloying tse kang chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), le nickel (Ni) ho ntlafatsa thepa e itseng.
1.2 Kakaretso ea Kereiti ka 'ngoe
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4140 Tšepe: Tšepe e feto-fetohang e fanang ka matla le ho thatafala ho hoholo, e sebelisoang haholo ho etseng lisebelisoa, likarolo tsa likoloi, le boenjiniere bo akaretsang.
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4130 Tšepe: E tsebahala ka ho tiea ha eona le ho tjheseletsa ha eona habonolo, e atisa ho sebelisoa lifofaneng le lipapaling tsa likoloi.
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4340 Tšepe: Motsoako oa nickel-chromium-molybdenum o nang le matla a phahameng haholo le ho hanyetsa mokhathala, o ratoang bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa lifofane le tsa mesebetsi e boima.
2. Papiso ea Sebopeho sa Lik'hemik'hale
| Karolo | 4130 (%) | 4140 (%) | 4340 (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Khabone (C) | 0.28 – 0.33 | 0.38 – 0.43 | 0.38 – 0.43 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.40 – 0.60 | 0.75 – 1.00 | 0.60 – 0.80 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 0.80 – 1.10 | 0.80 – 1.10 | 0.70 – 0.90 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.15 – 0.25 | 0.15 – 0.25 | 0.20 – 0.30 |
| Nikele (Ni) | – | – | 1.65 – 2.00 |
| Silicone (Si) | 0.15 – 0.35 | 0.15 – 0.30 | 0.15 – 0.30 |
Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa:
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4340e ekelitsenikeli, e e fa matla a ho feta le ho hanyetsa mokhathala.
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4130e na le khabone e tlase, e ntlafatsangho tjheseletsa.
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4140e na le khabone e ngata le manganese, e eketsangthata le matla.
3. Papiso ea Thepa ea Mekaniki
| Thepa | 4130 Tšepe | 4140 Tšepe | 4340 Tšepe |
|---|---|---|---|
| Matla a ho Tenyetseha (MPa) | 670 – 850 | 850 – 1000 | 930 – 1080 |
| Matla a Tlhahiso (MPa) | 460 – 560 | 655 – 785 | 745 – 860 |
| Ho lelefatsa (%) | 20 – 25 | 20 – 25 | 16 - 20 |
| Boima (HRC) | 18 – 25 | 28 – 32 | 28 – 45 |
| Matla a Tšusumetso (J) | Holimo | E itekanetseng | Holimo Haholo |
4. Kalafo ea Mocheso le ho Tiea ha Mocheso
4130
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Ho etsa hore lintho li be maemong a tloaelehileng: 870–900°C
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Ho thatafatsa: Ho tima oli ho tloha ho 870°C
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Ho leka-lekanya: 480–650°C
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Molemo ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa: Likopo tse hlokahalangho tjheseletsaleho tiea
4140
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Ho thatafatsa: Ho tima oli ho tloha ho 840–875°C
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Ho leka-lekanya: 540–680°C
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Ho thatafala: E ntle haholo — ho tiisa khetla e tebileng ho ka fihlelleha
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Molemo ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa: Li-shaft tse matla haholo, li-gear, li-crankshaft
4340
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Ho thatafatsa: Oli kapa polymer quench ho tloha ho 830–870°C
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Ho leka-lekanya: 400–600°C
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E hlokomelehang: E boloka matla esita le ka mor'a ho thatafala ho tebileng
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Molemo ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa: Lisebelisoa tsa ho lulisa tsa sefofane, likarolo tse boima tsa ho khanna
5. Ho Weldability le ho Sebetsa ka Mechini
| Thepa | 4130 | 4140 | 4340 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ho tjheseletsa | E babatsehang | Ho tloha ho Lokileng ho ea ho Botle | Toka |
| Ho sebetsa ha mechine | Ho lokile | Ho lokile | E itekanetseng |
| Ho futhumatsa | E khothaletsoa bakeng sa likarolo tse teteaneng (>12mm) | ||
| Kalafo ea Mocheso ea Kamora ho Weld | E khothaletsoa bakeng sa 4140 le 4340 ho fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo le ho petsoha |
4130E hlahella ka ho tjheseletsa habonolo ka ho sebedisa TIG/MIG ntle le ho petsoha ho feteletseng, e loketse meaho ya diphaephe tse kang dihoko tsa dirolo kapa diforeimi tsa difofane.
6. Likopo tsa Indasteri
6.1 4130 Lisebelisoa tsa Tšepe
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Liphaephe tsa lifofane
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Liforeimi tsa mabelo le lihoko tsa meqolo
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Liforeimi tsa lithuthuthu
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Baamoheli ba lithunya
6.2 4140 Lisebelisoa tsa Tšepe
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Ba nang le lisebelisoa
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Li-crankshaft
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Li-gear
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Li-axle le li-shaft
6.3 4340 Lisebelisoa tsa Tšepe
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Lisebelisoa tsa ho lula ha sefofane
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Liboutu le li-fasteners tse matla haholo
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Likarolo tse boima tsa mechini
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Li-shaft tsa indasteri ea oli le khase
7. Mehopolo ea Litšenyehelo
| Sehlopha | Litšenyehelo tse Lekaneng | Ho fumaneha |
|---|---|---|
| 4130 | Tlase | Holimo |
| 4140 | Mahareng | Holimo |
| 4340 | Holimo | E itekanetseng |
Ka lebaka la eonadikahare tsa nikeli, 4340 e tura haholoLeha ho le jwalo, tshebetso ya yona ditshebedisong tse hlokang boiteko hangata e lokafatsa ditjeo.
8. Maemo le Litlhopho tsa Machaba
| Kereiti ea Tšepe | ASTM | SAE | EN/DIN | JIS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4130 | A29/A519 | 4130 | 25CrMo4 | SCM430 |
| 4140 | A29/A322 | 4140 | 42CrMo4 | SCM440 |
| 4340 | A29/A322 | 4340 | 34CrNiMo6 | SNCM439 |
Netefatsa hore mofani oa hau oa tšepe o fana ka litifikeiti tsa tlhahlobo ea fektheri tse lumellanang le maemo a amehang joalo kaASTM A29, EN 10250kapaJIS G4053.
9. Mokhoa oa ho Khetha Bare ea Tšepe e Nepahetseng
| Tlhokahalo | Sehlopha se Khothaletsoang |
|---|---|
| Ho tjheseletsa ho molemo ka ho fetisisa | 4130 |
| Tekanyo e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea matla le litšenyehelo | 4140 |
| Matla a ho qetela a ho ba matla le mokhathala | 4340 |
| Ho hanyetsa ho tsofala haholo | 4340 kapa e thatafalitsoeng 4140 |
| Lifofane kapa likoloi | 4340 |
| Boenjiniere bo akaretsang | 4140 |
10. Qetello
Tlholisanong eaTšepe ea Bara 4140 khahlanong le 4130 khahlanong le 4340, ha ho na motho ea hlōlang ea lekanang le bohle — khetho e nepahetseng e itšetlehile ka haolitlhoko tsa ts'ebetso, matla, litšenyehelo le ho tjheseletsa.
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Khetha4130haeba o hloka ho tjheseletsa hantle le matla a itekanetseng.
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Tsamaea le4140bakeng sa khetho e matla haholo, e theko e tlaase e loketseng li-shaft le li-gear.
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Khetha4340ha ho ba thata haholo, matla a mokhathala, le ho hanyetsa ho tshoha ho le bohlokwa.
Nako ea poso: Phupu-24-2025