Amapayipi ezimboni ensimbi engagqwali ayizingxenye ezibalulekile ezimbonini eziningi ngenxa yamandla awo angcono kakhulu emishini, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokubekezelela izinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Ngokuya ngendawo yokusebenza kanye nokucaciswa kobuchwepheshe, amamaki asetshenziswa kakhulu afaka ama-304, 316, 321, 347, 904L, kanye nezinsimbi ezingenasici eziphindwe kabili njenge.2205futhi2507. Lesi sihloko sihlola ngokuhlelekile ukusebenza, amandla okucindezela, nezinkambu zokusetshenziswa zamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali ukuze kuqondiswe ukukhetha okufanele kwezinto.
1. Amabanga Avamile Ensimbi Engagqwali kanye Nezimpawu Zawo
•304L ipayipi yezimboni yensimbi engagqwali: Njengensimbi ephansi ye-carbon 304, ngokuvamile, ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kufana nalokho kwe-304, kodwa ngemva kokushisela noma ukukhululeka kwengcindezi, ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kwe-intergranular kuhle kakhulu, futhi kungagcina ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle ngaphandle kokwelashwa kokushisa.
• Ipayipi lezimboni zensimbi engagqwali engu-304: Inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle, ukumelana nokushisa, amandla okushisa aphansi kanye nezakhiwo zemishini, izici ezinhle zokucubungula okushisayo njengokugxiviza nokugoba, futhi akukho mkhuba wokuqina wokwelashwa kokushisa. Ukusetshenziswa: izinto zetafula, amakhabethe, amabhayela, izingxenye zezimoto, okokusebenza kwezokwelapha, izinto zokwakha, imboni yokudla (sebenzisa izinga lokushisa -196°C-700°C)
Izici eziyinhloko zepayipi yezimboni ze-stainless steel 310 yilezi: ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, okuvame ukusetshenziswa kuma-boilers, amapayipi okukhipha imoto. Ezinye izakhiwo zivamile.
• Ipayipi yezimboni zensimbi engagqwali engu-303: Ngokungeza inani elincane lesulfure ne-phosphorus, kulula ukusika kune-304, nezinye izakhiwo zifana ne-304.
•302 insimbi engagqwali ipayipi yezimboni: 302 insimbi engagqwali imigoqo asetshenziswa kabanzi izingxenye auto, indiza, Aerospace hardware amathuluzi, kanye nezimboni zamakhemikhali. Okucacile ngale ndlela elandelayo: imisebenzi yezandla, ama-bearings, izimbali ezishelelayo, amathuluzi ezokwelapha, izinto zikagesi, njll. Izici: Ibhola lensimbi engagqwali engu-302 ingeyensimbi ye-austenitic, eseduze ne-304, kodwa i-302 inobunzima obuphakeme, i-HRC≤28, futhi inokugqwala okuhle nokumelana nokugqwala.
• Ipayipi yezimboni zensimbi ye-301: i-ductility enhle, esetshenziselwa imikhiqizo ebunjiwe. Ingase futhi iqiniswe ngokushesha ngokucubungula ngomshini. Ukushisela okuhle. Ukumelana nokugqoka namandla okukhathala kungcono kunensimbi engagqwali engu-304.
•202 insimbi engagqwali ipayipi yezimboni: ingeye-chromium-nickel-manganese austenitic stainless steel, esebenza kangcono kune-201 stainless steel
•201 insimbi engagqwali ipayipi yezimboni: ngeye-chromium-nickel-manganese austenitic stainless steel, enozibuthe ophansi
•410 insimbi engagqwali ipayipi yezimboni: ngeye-martensite (insimbi ye-chromium ephezulu), enokumelana okuhle nokugqokwa kanye nokungagqwali okungekuhle.
•420 insimbi engagqwali ipayipi yezimboni: "Ithuluzi grade" martensitic steel, efana Brinell high chromium steel, i-ultra-early insimbi engagqwali. Ibuye isetshenziselwe imimese yokuhlinza futhi ingenziwa ikhanye kakhulu.
•430 insimbi engagqwali ipayipi yezimboni: insimbi engagqwali ferritic, esetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa, ezifana nezinsiza zezimoto. Ukwakheka okuhle, kodwa ukumelana nezinga lokushisa okungekuhle kanye nokumelana nokugqwala
2. Ukumelana Nokucindezela Kwemibhobho Yensimbi Engagqwali
Umthamo wokucindezela wepayipi lensimbi engagqwali uncike kusayizi walo (ububanzi bangaphandle), ukushuba kodonga (isb, SCH40, SCH80), kanye nezinga lokushisa lokusebenza. Izimiso ezibalulekile:
• Izindonga eziwugqinsi kanye namadiamitha amancane akhiqiza ukumelana nengcindezi ephakeme.
•Amazinga okushisa aphezulu anciphisa amandla ezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nengcindezi.
•Izinsimbi eziyi-Duplex ezifana no-2205 zinikeza cishe amandla aphindwe kabili ka-316L.
Isibonelo, ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali elingu-4 intshi elingu-SCH40 304 lingaphatha cishe. 1102 psi ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile. Ipayipi eliyi-intshi elingu-1 lingase lidlule ku-2000 psi. Onjiniyela kufanele baxhumane ne-ASME B31.3 noma amazinga afanayo ukuze bathole izilinganiso zokucindezela ezinembile.
3. Ukusebenza Kokugqwala Ezindaweni Ezinzima
I-Chloride-Rich Environments
I-304 ijwayele ukugoba kanye ne-SCC ezindaweni ezinosawoti onothe. 316L noma ngaphezulu kuyanconywa. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ezifana namanzi olwandle noma isifutho sikasawoti, 2205, 2507, noma 904L kungcono.
I-Acidic noma i-Oxidizing Media
I-316L yenza kahle kuma-asidi abuthakathaka. Ngama-asidi anolaka njenge-sulfuric noma i-phosphoric acid, khetha u-904L noma izinsimbi ze-high-alloy duplex.
I-High-Temperature Oxidation
Emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-500°C, u-304 no-316 angase alahlekelwe ukusebenza kahle. Sebenzisa amabanga azinzile njengo-321 noma 347 ngesevisi eqhubekayo efika ku-~900°C.
4. Izicelo Ezinkulu Zezimboni
Imboni kawoyela negesi
Isetshenziselwa inqubo yokufaka amapayipi, izishintshi zokushisa, nezintambo zokuhamba. Ezimweni zegesi emuncu ne-chloride, kukhethwa u-2205/2507/904L. Izinsimbi ze-Duplex zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekushintsheni ukushisa ngenxa yamandla azo aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.
Ukudla Nesiphuzo
Ukuqedwa kwendawo ebushelelezi kuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane. I-304/316L ilungele ubisi, ukuphisa, namasoso. I-316L yenza kangcono ngokudla okune-acidic noma okunosawoti. Amapayipi avame ukufakwa ngogesi ukuze kuhlanzeke.
Imboni Yezokwelapha
Idinga ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu nokumelana nokugqwala. 316L nokuhlukile okufana ne-316LVM kusetshenziselwa amanzi ahlanzekile kanye nezinhlelo ze-CIP/SIP. Ubuso ngokuvamile bupholishwa ngesibuko.
5. Umhlahlandlela Wokukhetha Ibanga ngesicelo
| Indawo yohlelo lokusebenza | Amabanga anconyiwe |
| Amanzi Okujwayelekile / Umoya | 304 / 304L |
| I-Chloride-Rich Environments | 316 / 316L noma 2205 |
| I-High-Temperature Atmosphere | 321/347 |
| Ama-Acid Aqinile / Phosphoric | 904L, 2507 |
| Amasistimu Wenhlanzeko Yebanga Lokudla | 316L (Ifakwe ugesi) |
| Izinhlelo Zemithi | 316L / 316LVM |
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-06-2025