Amapayipi ezimboni ensimbi engagqwali ayizingxenye ezibalulekile ezimbonini eziningi ngenxa yamandla awo amahle kakhulu okusebenza, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokubekezelela amazinga okushisa aphezulu. Kuye ngendawo yokusebenza kanye nezincazelo zobuchwepheshe, amazinga asetshenziswa kakhulu afaka phakathi i-304, 316, 321, 347, 904L, kanye nezinsimbi ezingagqwali ezimbili ezifana ne-2205futhi2507Lesi sihloko sihlola ngokuhlelekile ukusebenza, amandla okucindezela, kanye nezinkambu zokusetshenziswa kwamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali ukuze siqondise ukukhethwa okufanele kwezinto.
1. Amabanga Ensimbi Engagqwali Evamile Nezimpawu Zawo
•Ipayipi lezimboni lensimbi engagqwali elingu-304L: Njengensimbi ye-304 enekhabhoni ephansi, ngokuvamile, ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kufana nokwe-304, kodwa ngemva kokushisela noma ukuqeda ukucindezeleka, ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kwe-intergranular kuhle kakhulu, futhi ingagcina ukumelana okuhle nokugqwala ngaphandle kokwelashwa ngokushisa.
•Ipayipi lezimboni lensimbi engagqwali elingu-304: Linokumelana okuhle nokugqwala, ukumelana nokushisa, amandla okushisa aphansi kanye nezakhiwo zemishini, izakhiwo ezinhle zokucubungula ukushisa njengokunyathela nokugoba, kanye nokuqina okungenakho ukwelashwa kokushisa. Ukusetshenziswa: izitsha zokudla, amakhabethe, amabhoyila, izingxenye zezimoto, imishini yezokwelapha, izinto zokwakha, imboni yokudla (sebenzisa izinga lokushisa -196°C-700°C)
Izici eziyinhloko zamapayipi ezimboni ensimbi engagqwali angu-310 yilezi: ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, okusetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-boiler, amapayipi okukhipha umoya ezimoto. Ezinye izakhiwo zivamile.
•303 ipayipi lezimboni lensimbi engagqwali: Ngokufaka inani elincane lesibabule ne-phosphorus, kulula ukulisika kune-304, kanti ezinye izakhiwo zifana ne-304.
•Ipayipi lezimboni lensimbi engagqwali engu-302: Imigoqo yensimbi engagqwali engu-302 isetshenziswa kabanzi ezingxenyeni zezimoto, ezindizeni, kumathuluzi ehadiwe yezindiza, nasembonini yamakhemikhali. Ngokuqondile kanje: imisebenzi yezandla, amabheringi, izimbali ezishelelayo, izinsimbi zezokwelapha, izinto zikagesi, njll. Izici: Ibhola lensimbi engagqwali engu-302 lingelensimbi ye-austenitic, ecishe ibe ngu-304, kodwa i-302 inobulukhuni obuphezulu, i-HRC≤28, futhi inokumelana okuhle nokugqwala nokugqwala.
•Ipayipi lezimboni lensimbi engagqwali elingu-301: ukuguquguquka okuhle, elisetshenziselwa imikhiqizo ebunjiwe. Lingaqiniswa ngokushesha ngokucubungula ngomshini. Ukushintshwa okuhle. Ukumelana nokuguguleka kanye namandla okukhathala kungcono kunensimbi engagqwali engu-304.
•Ipayipi lezimboni lensimbi engagqwali engu-202: lingelansimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic ye-chromium-nickel-manganese, esebenza kangcono kunensimbi engagqwali engu-201
•Ipayipi lezimboni lensimbi engagqwali engu-201: lingelama-chromium-nickel-manganese austenitic stainless steel, elinobunewunewu obuphansi kakhulu
•Ipayipi lezimboni lensimbi engagqwali elingu-410: ingeye-martensite (insimbi ye-chromium enamandla aphezulu), enokumelana okuhle nokuguguleka okuhle.
•Ipayipi lezimboni lensimbi engagqwali elingu-420: Insimbi ye-martensitic "yezinga lamathuluzi", efana nensimbi ye-Brinell ephezulu ye-chromium, insimbi engagqwali esetshenziswa kakhulu ekuqaleni. Iphinde isetshenziswe emimeseni yokuhlinzwa futhi ingenziwa ikhanye kakhulu.
•Ipayipi lezimboni lensimbi engagqwali elingu-430: insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic, esetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa, njengezesekeli zezimoto. Ukwakheka okuhle, kodwa ukumelana nokushisa okubi kanye nokumelana nokugqwala
2. Ukumelana Nokucindezela Kwamapayipi Ensimbi Engagqwali
Umthamo wokucindezela wepayipi lensimbi engagqwali uncike kusayizi walo (ububanzi bangaphandle), ukujiya kodonga (isb., SCH40, SCH80), kanye nokushisa kokusebenza. Izimiso ezibalulekile:
•Izindonga ezijiyile kanye nobubanzi obuncane kuveza ukumelana okuphezulu kwengcindezi.
•Amazinga okushisa aphezulu anciphisa amandla ezinto kanye nemingcele yokucindezela.
•Izinsimbi ezimbili ezifana ne-2205 zinamandla aphindwe kabili kunama-316L.
Isibonelo, ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali le-SCH40 304 elingamasentimitha angu-4 lingaphatha cishe i-psi engu-1102 ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile. Ipayipi elingamasentimitha angu-1 lingadlula i-psi engu-2000. Onjiniyela kufanele babheke i-ASME B31.3 noma amazinga afanayo ukuze bathole izilinganiso zokucindezela ezinembile.
3. Ukusebenza Kokugqwala Ezindaweni Ezinzima
Izindawo Ezicebile Nge-Chloride
I-304 ivame ukuba nemigodi kanye ne-SCC ezindaweni ezicebile ngosawoti. Kunconywa amalitha angu-316 noma ngaphezulu. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu njengamanzi olwandle noma i-salt spray, amalitha angu-2205, 2507, noma angu-904 angcono kakhulu.
Imidiya Ene-Acidic noma Ene-Oxidizing
I-316L isebenza kahle kuma-asidi abuthakathaka. Kuma-asidi anamandla njenge-sulfuric noma i-phosphoric acid, khetha izinsimbi ze-duplex ezingu-904L noma ezine-alloy ephezulu.
Ukushiswa Kwe-Oxidation Emazingeni Okushisa Aphezulu
Emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-500°C, u-304 no-316 bangase balahlekelwe ukusebenza kahle. Sebenzisa amazinga azinzile njengo-321 noma u-347 ukuze uthole isevisi eqhubekayo kuze kufike ku-~900°C.
4. Izicelo Ezinkulu Zezimboni
Imboni Kawoyela Negesi
Kusetshenziswa ekucubunguleni amapayipi, kuma-heat exchanger, kanye nasezintanjeni zokuthutha. Ezimweni zegesi emuncu kanye ne-chloride, kukhethwa i-2205/2507/904L. Izinsimbi ezimbili zisetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-heat exchanger ngenxa yamandla azo aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.
Ukudla Neziphuzo
Ukuphela kobuso obubushelelezi kuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane. Ama-304/316L afaneleka kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kobisi, ekwenzeni ubhiya, kanye nososo. Ama-316L asebenza kangcono ngokudla okune-asidi noma okunosawoti. Amapayipi avame ukupholishwa ngogesi ukuze kuhlanzeke.
Imboni Yezemithi
Kudinga ubumsulwa obuphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. I-316L kanye nezinhlobo ezifana ne-316LVM zisetshenziselwa amanzi ahlanzekile kanye nezinhlelo ze-CIP/SIP. Izindawo ngokuvamile zicwebezeliswa ngesibuko.
5. Umhlahlandlela Wokukhetha Amamaki Ngesicelo
| Indawo Yokusebenza | Amabanga Anconyiwe |
| Amanzi / Umoya Ojwayelekile | 304 / 304L |
| Izindawo Ezicebile Nge-Chloride | 316 / 316L noma 2205 |
| Isimo Sezinga Lokushisa Eliphezulu | 321/347 |
| Ama-Acid Aqinile / i-Phosphoric | 904L, 2507 |
| Izinhlelo Zokuhlanzeka Ezisezingeni Lokudla | 316L (Epholishiwe ngogesi) |
| Izinhlelo Zemithi | 316L / 316LVM |
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-06-2025