Mapaipi esimbi isina ngura akakosha mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana nekuda kwesimba rawo rakanaka remakanika, kuramba ngura, uye kushivirira kupisa kwakanyanya. Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekushanda uye hunyanzvi, magiredhi anowanzo shandiswa anosanganisira 304, 316, 321, 347, 904L, pamwe nesimbi dzisina ngura mbiri dzakadai se2205uye2507Chinyorwa chino chinoongorora mashandiro, simba rekumanikidza, uye nzvimbo dzekushandisa mapaipi esimbi isingatsvi kuti chitungamirire kusarudzwa kwakakodzera kwezvinhu.
1. Magiredhi eSimbi Isingasvibiswi Akajairika uye Hunhu Hwavo
•304L simbi isina ngura pombi yeindasitiri: Sesimbi ine kabhoni shoma ye304, kazhinji, kuramba kwayo ngura kwakafanana nekwe304, asi mushure mekunamira kana kuderedza kushushikana, kuramba kwayo ngura pakati pegranular kwakanaka kwazvo, uye inogona kuramba ichidzivirira ngura zvakanaka pasina kurapwa nekupisa.
•304 pombi dzemaindasitiri dzesimbi isina ngura: Dzinodzivirira ngura zvakanaka, dzinodzivirira kupisa, dzine simba shoma uye dzine hunhu hwemakanika, dzine hunhu hwakanaka hwekugadzirisa kupisa senge kutsika nekukotama, uye hadzina kupisa kwekurapa. Mashandisirwo: midziyo yemutafura, makabati, mabhoyira, zvikamu zvemota, midziyo yekurapa, zvinhu zvekuvaka, indasitiri yechikafu (shandisa tembiricha -196°C-700°C)
Zvinhu zvikuru zvinoonekwa pamapaipi esimbi isina ngura mazana matatu negumi ndeizvi: kusapisa zvakanyanya, kunowanzo shandiswa mumaboiler, mapaipi emagetsi emota. Zvimwe zvinhu zvakajairika.
•303 pombi dzemaindasitiri dzesimbi isingatsvi: Nekuwedzera sarufa shoma nephosphorus, zviri nyore kucheka pane 304, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakafanana ne304.
•302 pombi yeindasitiri yesimbi isingatsvi: 302 simbi isingatsvi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvemotokari, ndege, zvishandiso zvemidziyo yemuchadenga, uye indasitiri yemakemikari. Zvakanyanya seizvi: mabasa emaoko, mabheringi, maruva anotsvinda, zvishandiso zvekurapa, midziyo yemagetsi, nezvimwewo. Zvinhu: 302 bhora resimbi isingatsvinda nderesimbi yeaustenitic, iri pedyo ne304, asi 302 ine kuoma kwakanyanya, HRC≤28, uye ine ngura yakanaka uye inodzivirira ngura.
•301 pombi dzemaindasitiri dzesimbi isingatsvi: dzinoshanda zvakanaka, dzinoshandiswa pakugadzira zvinhu zvakaumbwa. Dzinogonawo kuomeswa nekukurumidza nekugadzirwa nekanika. Dzinogona kusundirwa zvakanaka. Dzinodzivirira kupfekwa uye simba rekuneta zviri nani pane 304 simbi isingatsvi.
•Mapaipi eindasitiri esimbi isingatsvi 202: ndeyesimbi isingatsvi chromium-nickel-manganese austenitic, ine mashandiro ari nani pane simbi isingatsvi 201
•201 pombi yeindasitiri yesimbi isina ngura: ndeye chromium-nickel-manganese austenitic stainless steel, ine magnetism yakaderera.
•410 pombi yeindasitiri yesimbi isina ngura: ndeye martensite (simbi ine chromium yakasimba), ine simba rakanaka rekupfeka uye inodzivirira ngura.
•420 pombi yesimbi isingatsvigiri simbi yeindasitiri: "Tool grade" simbi yemartensitic, yakafanana nesimbi yeBrinell ine chromium yakawanda, simbi isingatsvigiri simbi isati yatanga kushandiswa. Inoshandiswawo pamapanga ekuvhiya uye inogona kugadzirwa kuti ive yakajeka zvikuru.
•Mapaipi eindasitiri esimbi isingatsvi 430: simbi isingatsvi ferritic, inoshandiswa pakushongedza, senge zvishandiso zvemotokari. Kugadzirwa kwakanaka, asi kusasimba kwekupisa uye kusasimba kwengura
2. Kuramba Kudzvinyirirwa kweMapaipi eSimbi Isina Kusimba
Kukwanisa kudzvanywa kwepombi yesimbi isingatsvi kunoenderana nehukuru hwayo (dhayamita yekunze), ukobvu hwemadziro (semuenzaniso, SCH40, SCH80), uye tembiricha yekushanda. Nheyo huru:
•Madziro akakora uye dhayamita diki zvinopa simba rakawanda rekudzivirira kumanikidzwa.
•Kupisa kwakanyanya kunoderedza simba rezvinhu uye kumanikidzwa.
•Simbi mbiri dzakaita se2205 dzinopa simba rinodarika kaviri re316L.
Semuenzaniso, pombi yesimbi isina ngura yeSCH40 304 ine 4-inch inogona kubata 1102 psi mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa. Pombi ye 1-inch inogona kudarika 2000 psi. Mainjiniya anofanira kubvunza ASME B31.3 kana zvimwe zvakafanana kuti vaone kumanikidzwa kwakarurama.
3. Kushanda Kwengura Munzvimbo Dzakaoma
Nzvimbo Dzakapfuma muChloride
304 inogona kudonha negomba uye SCC munzvimbo dzine munyu wakawanda. 316L kana kupfuura inokurudzirwa. Kana paine mamiriro akanyanya akadai semvura yegungwa kana munyu, 2205, 2507, kana 904L ndiyo inonyanya kunaka.
Acidic kana Oxidizing Media
316L inoshanda zvakanaka mumaacid asina simba. Kune maacid akasimba akadai sesulfuric kana phosphoric acid, sarudza 904L kana simbi dzine duplex dzakagadzirwa nesimbi dzakawanda.
Kupisa kwakanyanya
Kana tembiricha iri pamusoro pe500°C, 304 ne316 zvinogona kurasikirwa nekushanda zvakanaka. Shandisa magiredhi akagadzikana akadai se321 kana 347 kuti urambe uchigadzira kusvika ~900°C.
4. Mashandisirwo Makuru Emaindasitiri
Indasitiri yeOiri neGasi
Inoshandiswa mukugadzira mapaipi, zvinochinja-chinja kupisa, uye tambo dzekutakura. Kune mamiriro egasi rakakora uye chloride, 2205/2507/904L ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa. Simbi mbiri dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvinochinja-chinja kupisa nekuda kwesimba radzo guru uye kudzivirira ngura.
Chikafu & Chinwiwa
Kupera kwakatsetseka kunodzivirira kukura kwebhakitiriya. 304/316L dzakanakira mukaka, kubika, uye muto. 316L inoshanda zviri nani kana iine acid kana munyu. Mapaipi anowanzo gadziriswa nemagetsi kuitira hutsanana.
Indasitiri yeMishonga
Inoda kuchena kwakanyanya uye inodzivirira ngura. 316L uye mhando dzakadai se316LVM zvinoshandiswa pamvura yakacheneswa uye masisitimu eCIP/SIP. Nzvimbo dzinowanzo penya negirazi.
5. Gwaro reKusarudza Magiredhi Nekushandisa
| Nzvimbo Yekushandisa | Magiredhi Akakurudzirwa |
| Mvura / Mhepo Yakajairika | 304 / 304L |
| Nzvimbo Dzakapfuma muChloride | 316 / 316L kana 2205 |
| Mhepo Inodziya Zvikuru | 321 / 347 |
| Asidhi Yakasimba / Phosphoric | 904L, 2507 |
| Masisitimu Ehutsanana Hwepamusoro Pekudya | 316L (Yakagadziriswa nemagetsi) |
| Masisitimu eMishonga | 316L / 316LVM |
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-06-2025