ʻEhā ʻano o ke kila kila a me ke kuleana o nā mea hoʻohui.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kila kila i ʻehā mau ʻano nui: austenitic, martensitic, ferritic, a me duplex stainless steel (Table 1).Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka microstructure o ke kila kila ma ka lumi wela.Ke hoʻomehana ʻia ke kila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i 1550 ° C, hoʻololi kona microstructure mai ka ferrite wela a hiki i ka austenite.Ma ka hooluolu ana, ho'i ka microstructure i ferrite.ʻO Austenite, aia ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole magnetik a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka ikaika akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ductility ma mua o ka ferrite wela.
Ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka chromium (Cr) i ke kila ma mua o 16%, e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka microstructure lumi-mehana i ka pae ferrite, e mālama ana i ka ferrite ma nā pae wela a pau.ʻO kēia ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo ferritic stainless steel.Ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka chromium (Cr) ma luna o 17% a ʻoi aku ka nickel (Ni) ma luna o 7%, e paʻa ka pae austenite, e mālama ana i ka austenite mai nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a hiki i ka helu heheʻe.
Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Austenitic stainless steel ma ke ʻano he "Cr-N", aʻo ka martensitic a me ka ferritic stainless steels ua kapa pololei ʻia ʻo "Cr".Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea i loko o ke kila kila a me nā metala hoʻopiha i nā mea hana austenite a me nā mea hana ferrite.ʻO nā mea hana austenite mua e komo pū me Ni, C, Mn, a me N, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea hana ferrite mua me Cr, Si, Mo, a me Nb.ʻO ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ʻike o kēia mau mea hiki ke mālama i ka nui o ka ferrite i ka hui weld.
ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kila kila Austenitic, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma lalo o 5% nitrogen (N), a hāʻawi i ka maikaʻi wiliwili ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kila kila me ka haʻahaʻa N haʻahaʻa.Hōʻike nā hui kuʻihao Austenitic i ka ikaika maikaʻi a me ka ductility, e hoʻopau pinepine i ka pono no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka wela ma mua o ka welding a me ka post-weld.Ma ke kahua o ka wili kila kila, ʻo ka austenitic stainless steel ka helu no 80% o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kila kila kila, ʻo ia ke kumu nui o kēia ʻatikala.
Pehea e koho ai i ka ponokuʻihao kilanā mea hoʻohana, nā uea a me nā electrodes?
Inā like ka mea makua, ʻo ka lula mua e "hoʻohālikelike i ka mea makua."No ka laʻana, inā pili ka lanahu me 310 a i ʻole 316 kila kila, koho i ka mea lanahu e pili ana.I ka wā e wiliwili ai i nā mea like ʻole, e hahai i ke alakaʻi o ke koho ʻana i kahi mea kumu i kūpono i kahi maʻiʻo alloying kiʻekiʻe.No ka laʻana, i ka wiliwili 304 a me 316 kuhiliʻole kila, koho 316 type welding consumables.Eia naʻe, he nui nā hihia kūikawā kahi i mālamaʻoleʻia ai ke kumumanaʻo o ka "hoʻohālikelike i ka metala kumu".Ma kēia hiʻohiʻona, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e "nānā i ka papa koho koho hoʻopau ʻia.".No ka laʻana, ʻano 304 stainless steel ka mea kumu maʻamau, akā ʻaʻohe ʻano 304 welding rod.
Inā pono e hoʻohālikelike ka mea hoʻoheheʻe i ka metala kumu, pehea e koho ai i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe e weld 304 uea kila kila a me ka electrode?
I ka wā e wiliwili ai i ke kila kila 304, e hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻohana wiliwili ʻano 308 no ka mea hiki i nā mea ʻē aʻe o ke kila kila kila 308 ke hoʻopaʻa maikaʻi i ka wahi weld.ʻO ka 308L kahi koho i ʻae ʻia.Hōʻike ʻo L i ka maʻi kalapona haʻahaʻa, ʻo 3XXL ke kila kila e hōʻike ana i kahi maʻiʻo kalapona o 0.03%, ʻoiai ʻo 3XX maʻamau ka kila kila hiki ke loaʻa i ka 0.08% carbon content.No ka mea, ʻo ka L-type welding consumables ke ʻano like o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana e like me ka non-type welding consumables, pono nā mea hana e noʻonoʻo e hoʻohana i ka L-type welding consumables no ka mea hiki i kāna ʻano kalapona haʻahaʻa ke hōʻemi i ke ʻano o ka corrosion intergranular.ʻOiaʻiʻo, manaʻo ka mea kākau inā makemake nā mea hana e hoʻonui i kā lākou huahana, e hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea melemele L-like.Ke noʻonoʻo nei nā mea hana e hoʻohana ana i nā ʻano welding GMAW i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka 3XXSi type stainless steel no ka mea hiki iā SI ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pulu a me nā ʻāpana leakage.Inā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka piko o ka ʻāpana lanahu a i ʻole ka pili ʻana o ka wai kuʻekuʻe ma ka weld toe o ke kihi lohi lohi a i ʻole wili ʻūhā, hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka uea hoʻoheheʻe kinoea me S hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka hili lanahu a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka helu deposition. .
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-26-2023