He aha ngā momo maimoatanga wera mō ngā whakarewa maitai kore waikura?

Kowiri tira	Momo	Te Whakamahinga Noa	Te Maimoatanga Wera Noa
304 / 304L	Austenitic	Kai, matū, moana	Te whakamahana otinga
316 / 316L	Austenitic	Matū, moana, rongoā	Te whakamahana otinga
410 / 420	Martensitic	Ngā takirere, ngā wāhanga tāpine	Te whakapakeketanga + te whakamahana
430	Ferritic	Whakapaipai motuka, taputapu	Te whakamahana
17-4PH	Te Ua Pakari.	Rererangi, karihi	Te koroheketanga (te ua)

Ngā Puka Maimoatanga Wera mō ngā Hanganga Kowiri tira

1. Te whakamahana

Kaupapa:

• Whakaitihia te pakeketanga, whakapai ake i te ngāwari

• Whakamamaehia ngā ahotea o roto

• Whakapaipai i te hanganga o te witi

Tukanga:

• Whakamahanahia ki tētahi pāmahana motuhake (800–1100°C i runga i te momo)

• Puritia mō tētahi roanga kua whakaritea

• Whakamatao mārire, i roto i te oumu i te nuinga o te wā

Whakamahia mō:

• Ferritic (430)memartensitic (410, 420)ngā māka

• Te whakangawari i muri i te mahi matao

• Te whakapai ake i te āheinga mīhini

sakysteele whakarato ana i ngā ratonga whakamahana whakahaere kia rite ai te hanganga moroiti me te ngawari pai mō te miihini.

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2. Te Whakamahana i te Wairewa (Te Maimoatanga i te Wairewa)

Kaupapa:

• Whakarewahia ngā warowaiha me ngā matūriki

• Whakahokia te ātete ki te waikura

• Whakatutukihia he hanganga austenitic ōrite

Tukanga:

• Whakamahanahia ki ~1040–1120°C

• Te tinei tere i roto i te wai, i te hau rānei hei whakatio i te hanganga

Whakamahia mō:

• Ngā maitai kore waikura Austenitic(304, 316)

• He mea nui i muri i te whakarewa, i te mahi wera rānei

• Ka tango i ngā putunga chromium carbide me te whakahoki mai i te ātete ki te waikura

sakysteelkia tineia tonutia ai te wai i muri i te whakamahana hei karo i te pāwera me te waikura waenga-pūmua.

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3. Te whakapakeketanga (Te tineitanga)

Kaupapa:

• Whakanuia te kaha me te mārō

• Whakapai ake i te ātete ki te kakahu

Tukanga:

• Whakawerahia ngā maitai kowiri tira martensitic ki ~950–1050°C

• Puritia kia whakapūmau te hanganga

• Te tere o te tinei i roto i te hinu, i te hau rānei

Whakamahia mō:

• Ngā maitai kowiri tira Martensitic(410, 420, 440C)

• Ngā wāhanga e hiahia ana kia pakari te mata (ngā takirere, ngā peera)

TuhipokaKāore e taea te whakapakeke i ngā maitai austenitic mā te maimoatanga wera.

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4. Te whakamahana

Kaupapa:

• Whakaitihia te pakarukaru i muri i te whakapakeketanga

• Whakanuia te pakari

• Whakarerekētia te pakeketanga kia rite ki ngā hiahia o te tono

Tukanga:

• Whakamahanahia ki te 150–600°C i muri i te whakapakeketanga

• Puritia mō te 1–2 hāora i runga i te rahi o te wāhanga

• Matao i te hau marino

Whakamahia mō:

• Ngā maitai kowiri tira Martensitic

• He maha ngā wā ka honoa ki te whakapakeketanga i roto i tētahi tukanga e rua-taahiraa

sakysteele whakahaere tika ana i ngā huringa whakamahana kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga miihini mō ia puranga.

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5. Te Whakapakari o te Ua (Te Pakeketanga)

Kaupapa:

• Whakakahangia mā te hanganga o ngā matūriki iti

• Whakatutuki i te kaha whakaputa teitei me te kore e nui te hē

Tukanga:

• Whakamātauria te otinga ki te ~1040°C ka tineia

• Te pakeke i te 480–620°C mō ētahi hāora

Whakamahia mō:

• 17-4PH (UNS S17400)me ngā koranu rite

• Ngā wāhanga rererangi, karihi, me te kaha teitei

Ngā Painga:

• He pai rawa te ōwehenga kaha-ki-taumaha

• He ātete pai ki te waikura

• He iti rawa te whakapōturitanga ki te whakataurite ki te whakapakeketanga martensitic

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6. Whakaora i te ahotea

Kaupapa:

• Tangohia te ahotea ā-roto i puta mai i te miihini, te hanga, te whakarewa rānei

• Ārai i ngā huringa rahi i te wā e mahi ana

Tukanga:

• Whakawerahia ki te 300–600°C

• Puritia mō tētahi wā motuhake

• Whakamatao mārire

Whakamahia mō:

• Ngā wāhanga hanga nui

• Ngā wāhanga i hangaia kia tino tika

sakysteele tuku ana i ngā otinga whakaiti ahotea ritenga hei pupuri i te pumau o ngā āhuatanga o ngā mea hanga uaua.

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7. Te Whakaōrite (Kāore i te tino kitea i roto i te maitai kore waikura)

Kaupapa:

• Whakapaitia te rahi o te witi

• Whakapai ake i te ōritetanga o te hanganga me ngā āhuatanga

Tukanga:

• Werahia ki te pāmahana whakawhiti i runga ake i te pāmahana whakawhiti

• Whakamataohia te hau ki te pāmahana rūma

Whakamahia mō:

• He mea whakamahi noa i roto i ngā maitai waro me te maitai koranu

• I ētahi wā ka whakamahia ki ngā maitai kore waikura ferritic

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Ngā Āhuatanga e Pā Ana ki te Kōwhiringa Maimoatanga Wera

• Te kounga o te kowiri tira

• Te pāmahana me ngā āhuatanga o te ratonga

• Ngā whakaritenga ātete waikura

• Ngā āhuatanga miihini e hiahiatia ana

• Te rahi me te āhua o te wāhanga

• Ngā mahi tukatuka-muri (whakapiri, miihini)

Mā te maimoatanga wera tika ka tika te mahi a ngā whakarewa maitai kore waikura i roto i ngā taiao kaha, ā, ka tutuki hoki i ngā paerewa miihini.

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Te Mana Kounga i roto i te Maimoatanga Wera

At sakysteel, ka whakahaerehia te maimoatanga wera o ngā whakarewa maitai kore waikura i roto i ngā oumu whakahaeretia me:

• Te aroturukitanga tika o te pāmahana

• Te aroturuki i te hononga whakamahanamō ngā wahi nunui

• Te tutuki i ngā paerewa ASTM A276, A182, A564

• Whakamātautau i muri i te maimoatangatae atu ki te mārō, te kume, me te tātaritanga whakarewa

• Tiwhikete EN 10204 3.1/3.2i runga i te tono

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Ngā tono o ngā whakarewa maitai kore waikura kua whakamahanahia

• Ngā Āpiti me ngā Hononga: Kua whakamahanatia, kua whakapūmautia rānei te otinga

• Ngā Toho me ngā Wāhanga Takirere: Whakapakeketia, ā, whakamātotoruhia

• Ngā Whare Papu: Whakamarie i te ahotea

• Ngā Wāhanga Rererangi: Kua whakapakeke te ua

• Ngā Ipu PēhangaI whakawerahia, i whakamatautauria hoki kia rite ki ngā paerewa ASME

sakysteelE mahi ana ki ngā kaihoko i roto i te whakaputa hiko, te moana, ngā taputapu kai, te hinu me te hau, me te maha atu.

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Whakamutunga

He taahiraa nui te maimoatanga wera i roto i te hanga o ngā meangā whakarewa kowiri tira, e āhei ai te whakahaere tika i te kaha ā-mīhini, te ātete ki te waikura, me te hanganga o roto. I runga i te koranu me te whakamahinga, ko te maimoatanga wera ka uru pea ki te whakamahana, te maimoatanga otinga, te whakapakeke, te whakamahana, te whakaiti i te ahotea, te koroheke rānei.

Mā te mārama kingā puka maimoatanga wera mō ngā whakarewa kowiri tira, ka taea e ngā miihini me ngā kaihoko te tohu i ngā tukanga tika mō ngā tono nui. Isakysteel, ka whakaratohia e mātou ngā ratonga hanga me te whakamahana katoa e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa o te ao me ngā whakaritenga a te kiritaki.