Zeziphi iiFom zoNyango loBubushushu kwiiNtsimbi zeNtsimbi eNgaxutywanga?

IBanga leNsimbi engatyiwayo	Uhlobo	Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo	Unyango loBushushu oluqhelekileyo
304 / 304L	I-Austenitic	Ukutya, iikhemikhali, zaselwandle	Ukulungiswa kwesisombululo
316 / 316L	I-Austenitic	Ikhemikhali, i-marine, i-pharma	Ukulungiswa kwesisombululo
410/420	IMartensitic	Iivalvu, iinxalenye ze turbine	Ukuqina + Ukuthoba
430	I-Ferritic	I-Automotive trim, izixhobo zombane	Ukuhlaziya
17-4PH	Imvula inzima.	I-Aerospace, inyukliya	Ukuguga (imvula)

IiFom zoNyango loBushushu kwiiNtsimbi zeNtsimbi eNgatyiwayo

1. Ukuhlaziya

Injongo:

• Ukunciphisa ubulukhuni kunye nokuphucula i-ductility

• Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi

• Coca ukwakhiwa kweenkozo

Inkqubo:

• Ukufudumala kwiqondo elithile lobushushu (800–1100°C ngokuxhomekeke kwibakala)

• Bamba ixesha elimiselweyo

• Ukupholisa kancinci, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiziko

Isetyenziselwa:

• IFerritic (430)kwayemartensitic (410, 420)amabanga

• Ukuthambisa emva kokusebenza okubandayo

• Ukuphucula ubuchule

sakysteelibonelela ngeenkonzo zokuthomalalisa ezilawulwayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe i-microstructure efanayo kunye nokuthamba okugqibeleleyo komatshini.

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2. Ukufakwa kwesisombululo (Unyango lweSicombululo)

Injongo:

• Dissolve carbides kunye ne-precipitates

• Buyisela ukuxhathisa umhlwa

• Ukufezekisa i-homogeneous austenitic structure

Inkqubo:

• Ubushushu ukuya kwi ~1040–1120°C

• Ukucima ngokukhawuleza emanzini okanye emoyeni ukumisa isakhiwo

Isetyenziselwa:

• Iintsimbi ze-Austenitic ezingenasici(304, 316)

• Kubalulekile emva kwe-welding okanye ukusebenza okushushu

• Isusa i-chromium carbide kwaye ibuyisela ukuxhathisa ukubola

sakysteeliqinisekisa ukuba isisombululo se-annealing silandelwa kukucinywa kwangoko ukunqanda uvakalelo kunye ne-intergranular Corrosion.

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3. Ukuqina (Ukucima)

Injongo:

• Ukwandisa amandla kunye nobunzima

• Ukuphucula ukuxhathisa ukunxiba

Inkqubo:

• Fudumeza iintsimbi ze-martensitic ezingenazintsimbi ukuya kwi- ~950–1050°C

• Bamba ukuqinisa isakhiwo

• Ukucima ngokukhawuleza kwioli okanye emoyeni

Isetyenziselwa:

• Iintsimbi ze-Martensitic(410, 420, 440C)

• Amacandelo afuna ubulukhuni bomphezulu ophezulu (iivalvu, iibheringi)

Phawula: Iintsimbi ze-Austenitic azinakuqiniswa ngonyango lobushushu.

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4. Ukufudumeza

Injongo:

• Nciphisa i-brittleness emva kokuqina

• Ukwandisa ukuqina

• Lungisa ubulukhuni kwiimfuno zesicelo

Inkqubo:

• Ukushisa ukuya kwi-150-600 ° C emva kokuqina

• Bamba iiyure ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani benxalenye

• Kupholile emoyeni

Isetyenziselwa:

• Iintsimbi ze-Martensitic

• Idla ngokudityaniswa nokuqina kwinkqubo enamanyathelo amabini

sakysteelilawula imijikelo yokuthambisa ngokuthe ngqo ukutshatisa iinkcukacha zoomatshini kwibhetshi nganye.

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5. Ukuqina kwemvula (Ukuguga)

Injongo:

• Yomeleza ngokuyilwa kwemvula

• Ukufumana amandla aphezulu esivuno ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okugqithisileyo

Inkqubo:

• Isisombululo siphathe kwi ~ 1040 ° C kunye nokucima

• Ubudala kwi-480-620 ° C iiyure ezininzi

Isetyenziselwa:

• 17-4PH (UNS S17400)kunye ne-alloys efanayo

• I-Aerospace, inyukliya, kunye nezixhobo zokomelela okuphezulu

Iingenelo:

• Umlinganiselo ogqwesileyo wamandla ukuya kubunzima

• Ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kokutya

• Ukugqwetheka okuncinci xa kuthelekiswa nokuqina kwe-martensitic

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6. Ukunciphisa Uxinzelelo

Injongo:

• Susa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi olubangelwa machining, forging, okanye welding

• Thintela iinguqu zedimensional ngexesha lenkonzo

Inkqubo:

• Ubushushu ukuya kuma-300–600°C

• Bamba ixesha elithile

• Phola kancinci

Isetyenziselwa:

• Iindawo ezinkulu ezibunjiweyo

• Amacandelo enziwe ngokuchanekileyo

sakysteelinika izisombululo zokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwesiqhelo ukugcina uzinzo lwe-dimensional ye-forgings enzima.

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7. Ukuqheleka (Ayixhaphakanga kwintsimbi engatyiwayo)

Injongo:

• Cokisa ubungakanani beenkozo

• Ukuphucula ukufana kwisakhiwo kunye neempawu

Inkqubo:

• Ubushushu ukuya ngaphezulu kweqondo lotshintsho

• Umoya opholileyo kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi

Isetyenziselwa:

• Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa i-carbon kunye ne-alloy steels

• Ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswa kwiintsimbi ze-ferritic stainless

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Imiba Enefuthe ekuKhethweni koNyango loBubushushu

• Ibakala lensimbi engenasici

• Ubushushu benkonzo kunye neemeko

• Iimfuno zokuxhathisa ukubola

• Iimpawu ezifunwayo zoomatshini

• Ubungakanani becandelo kunye nokumila

• Amanyathelo emva kokulungiswa (welding, machining)

Ukuphathwa kokushisa okufanelekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba i-forgings yensimbi engenasici yenza ngokuthembekileyo kwiindawo ezinobundlobongela kwaye ihlangabezane nemigangatho yomatshini.

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Ukulawulwa koMgangatho kuNyango loBubushushu

At sakysteel, unyango olushushu lwensimbi engenasici luqhutywa kwiziko elilawulwayo:

• Ukujongwa okuchanekileyo kweqondo lokushisa

• Ukulandelela iThermocouplengamaqhekeza amakhulu

• Ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho ye-ASTM A276, A182, A564

• Uvavanyo lwasemva konyangokubandakanywa ubulukhuni, ukuqina, kunye nohlalutyo lwe-metallographic

• EN 10204 3.1/3.2 isiqinisekisongesicelo

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Usetyenziso lwe-Heat Treated Steel Forgings

• IiFlanges kunye neFittings: Isisombululo sivaliwe okanye siqhelekile

• I-Shafts kunye ne-Valve Components: Iqinile kwaye inomsindo

• Impompo yezindlu: Uxinezeleko lwehlile

• Izahlulo ze-Aerospace: Imvula iqina

• Iinqanawa zoxinzelelo: Ifakwe kwaye ivavanywe kwimigangatho ye-ASME

sakysteelinceda abathengi kwimveliso yamandla, elwandle, kwizixhobo zokutya, ioyile kunye negesi, nokunye.

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Ukuqukumbela

Unyango lobushushu linyathelo eliyimfuneko ekwenzeniiifogi zentsimbi engenasici, ukuvumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo phezu kwamandla omatshini, ukuxhathisa ukubola, kunye nesakhiwo sangaphakathi. Ngokuxhomekeke kwi-alloy kunye nesicelo, unyango lobushushu lunokubandakanya ukukhupha, unyango lwesisombululo, ukuqina, ukufudumala, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo, okanye ukuguga.

Ngokuqonda iiifom zonyango ubushushu forgings steel stainless, iinjineli kunye nabathengi banokucacisa iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo. Ngesakysteel, sibonelela ngeenkonzo ezipheleleyo zokubumba kunye nonyango lobushushu ezithobela imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye neenkcukacha zabaxumi.