Ⅰ. Kuyini ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi?
Ngokuvamile, ukuhlola okungabhubhisi kusebenzisa izici zomsindo, ukukhanya, ugesi kanye ne-magnetism ukuthola indawo, usayizi, ubuningi, uhlobo kanye nolunye ulwazi oluhlobene lweziphambeko eziseduze noma zangaphakathi ebusweni bento ngaphandle kokulimaza into ngokwayo. Ukuhlola okungabhubhisi kuhlose ukuthola isimo sobuchwepheshe bezinto, okuhlanganisa nokuthi ziyafaneleka yini noma zinesikhathi esisele senkonzo, ngaphandle kokuthinta ukusebenza kwezinto esikhathini esizayo. Izindlela zokuhlola ezivamile ezingabhubhisi zifaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic, ukuhlolwa kwe-electromagnetic, kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinhlayiya ze-magnetic, phakathi kwazo i-Ultrasonic Test ingenye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.
Ⅱ. Izindlela ezinhlanu ezivamile zokuhlola ezingabhubhisi:
1.Incazelo Yokuhlolwa Kwe-Ultrasonic
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic kuyindlela esebenzisa izici zamagagasi e-ultrasonic ukuze isakazeke futhi ibonakale ezintweni ukuze ithole amaphutha angaphakathi noma izinto zangaphandle ezintweni. Ingathola amaphutha ahlukahlukene, njengokuqhekeka, ama-pores, ukufakwa, ukukhululeka, njll. Ukutholwa kwamaphutha e-Ultrasonic kufanelekile ezintweni ezahlukahlukene, futhi kungabona nobukhulu bezinto, njengezinsimbi, okungezona izinsimbi, izinto ezihlanganisiwe, njll. Kungenye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlolweni okungonakalisi.
Kungani amapuleti ensimbi aqinile, amapayipi anodonga oluqinile kanye nemigoqo eyindilinga enobubanzi obukhulu ifaneleka kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwe-UT?
① Uma ubukhulu bezinto bubukhulu, amathuba okuba neziphambeko zangaphakathi njengemifantu nemifantu azokhula ngokufanele.
②Izinto zokubopha zenziwa ngenqubo yokubopha, engabangela amaphutha afana nezimbobo, ukufakwa, kanye nemifantu ngaphakathi kwento.
③Amapayipi anodonga olujiyile kanye nezinduku eziyindilinga ezinkulu ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa ezakhiweni zobunjiniyela ezidinga ukucindezeleka okukhulu. Ukuhlolwa kwe-UT kungangena kujule ezintweni futhi kutholakale amaphutha angaphakathi angaba khona, njengokuqhekeka, ukufakwa, njll., okubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ubuqotho nokuphepha kwesakhiwo.
2. Incazelo yokuhlolwa kwe-PENETRANT
Izimo ezisebenzayo zokuhlolwa kwe-UT kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-PT
Ukuhlolwa kwe-UT kufaneleka ukuthola amaphutha angaphakathi kwezinto, njengemifantu, ukufakwa, imifantu, njll. Ukuhlolwa kwe-UT kungangena ebukhulu bezinto futhi kuthole amaphutha ngaphakathi kwezinto ngokukhipha amagagasi e-ultrasonic nokwamukela izimpawu ezibonisiwe.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-PT kufaneleka ukuthola amaphutha ebusweni bezinto, njengemifantu, izinto ezifakiwe, imifantu, njll. Ukuhlolwa kwe-PT kuncike ekungeneni koketshezi emifantu noma emaphutheni ebusweni futhi kusebenzisa unjiniyela wombala ukubonisa indawo nesimo samaphutha.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-UT kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-PT kunezinzuzo nezinkinga zako ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo. Khetha indlela yokuhlola efanele ngokuya ngezidingo ezahlukene zokuhlola kanye nezici zezinto ezibonakalayo ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono yokuhlola.
3. Ukuhlolwa Kwamanje kwe-Eddy
（1）Isingeniso ku-ET Test
I-ET Test isebenzisa isimiso sokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic ukuletha ikhoyili yokuhlola ethwala ugesi oshintshanayo eduze kwento yokusebenza yomqhubi ukuze kukhiqizwe imisinga ye-eddy. Ngokusekelwe ezinguqukweni zemisinga ye-eddy, izakhiwo kanye nesimo sento yokusebenza kungacatshangwa.
（2）Izinzuzo Zokuhlolwa Kwe-ET
I-ET Test ayidingi ukuthintana ne-workpiece noma i-medium, isivinini sokuthola sishesha kakhulu, futhi ingahlola izinto ezingezona ezensimbi ezingadala imisinga ye-eddy, njenge-graphite.
（3）Imikhawulo yokuhlolwa kwe-ET
Ingabona kuphela amaphutha ebusweni bezinto eziqhuba ugesi. Uma usebenzisa i-coil yohlobo lwe-through-type ye-ET, akunakwenzeka ukunquma indawo ethile yephutha kumjikelezo.
(4) Izindleko nezinzuzo
I-ET Test inemishini elula kanye nokusebenza okulula. Ayidingi ukuqeqeshwa okuyinkimbinkimbi futhi ingenza ngokushesha ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi sangempela endaweni.
Isimiso esiyisisekelo sokuhlolwa kwe-PT: ngemva kokuba ubuso bengxenye bumbozwe ngodayi we-fluorescent noma udayi onombala, i-penetrant ingangena emaphutheni okuvula kobuso ngaphansi kwesikhathi sesenzo se-capillary; ngemva kokususa i-penetrant eyengeziwe ebusweni bengxenye, ingxenye ingafakwa kunjiniyela ebusweni. Ngokufanayo, ngaphansi kwesenzo se-capillary, unjiniyela uzodonsela i-penetrant egcinwe ephutheni, futhi i-penetrant izobuyela emuva kunjiniyela. Ngaphansi komthombo othile wokukhanya (ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet noma ukukhanya okumhlophe), kuzovezwa imikhondo ye-penetrant ephutheni. , (ukukhanya okuphuzi-oluhlaza okotshani noma okubomvu okukhanyayo), ngaleyo ndlela kutholakale isimo kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamaphutha.
4. Ukuhlolwa Kwezinhlayiya ZikaMagnetic
Ukuhlolwa Kwezinhlayiya Ze-Magnetic" kuyindlela yokuhlola engasetshenziswa kakhulu ukuthola amaphutha aphezulu naseduze kobuso ezintweni eziqhuba umoya, ikakhulukazi ukuthola imifantu. Isekelwe ekusabeleni okuhlukile kwezinhlayiya ze-magnetic emasimini kazibuthe, okuvumela ukutholakala okuphumelelayo kwamaphutha angaphansi kobuso.
5. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Radiographic
（1）Isingeniso ku-RT Test
Ama-X-ray angamagagasi kagesi anemvamisa ephezulu kakhulu, ubude be-wavelength obufushane kakhulu, kanye namandla aphezulu. Angangena ezintweni ezingenakungenwa ukukhanya okubonakalayo, futhi abhekane nokusabela okuyinkimbinkimbi ngezinto ngesikhathi senqubo yokungena.
（2）Izinzuzo Zokuhlolwa Kwe-RT
Ukuhlolwa kwe-RT kungasetshenziswa ukuthola amaphutha angaphakathi kwezinto, njengemifantu, imifantu yokufakwa, njll., futhi kungasetshenziswa futhi ukuhlola ubuqotho besakhiwo kanye nekhwalithi yangaphakathi yezinto.
（3）Isimiso sokuhlolwa kwe-RT
Ukuhlolwa kwe-RT kuthola amaphutha ngaphakathi kwezinto ngokukhipha ama-X-ray nokwamukela izimpawu eziboniswayo. Ezintweni ezijiyile, ukuhlolwa kwe-UT kuyindlela ephumelelayo.
（4）Imikhawulo yokuhlolwa kwe-RT
Ukuhlolwa kwe-RT kunemikhawulo ethile. Ngenxa yobude bayo be-wavelength kanye nezici zamandla, ama-X-ray awakwazi ukungena ezintweni ezithile, njenge-lead, insimbi, insimbi engagqwali, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-12-2024