Chii chinonzi Basic Classification yeForging?

Forging inzira yakakosha yekugadzira simbi inoita basa rakakosha mukugadzira zvinhu zvakasimba uye zvinogara kwenguva refu mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana. Kubva pamotokari crankshafts uye mabhuraketi emuchadenga kusvika kune zvigadziro zvekuvaka uye maturusi emumunda wemafuta, zvikamu zvefodya zvinozivikanwa nekunaka kwemechanicha zvinhu uye kutendeseka kwechimiro.

Kunzwisisabasic classification yekuforomainobatsira mainjiniya, vagadziri, uye nyanzvi dzekutenga zvinhu kusarudza yakanyatsokodzera nzira yekugadzira zvichienderana nekushandisa, chikamu chakaoma, vhoriyamu yekugadzira, uye mhando yezvinhu. Ichi chinyorwa chinoongorora mhando huru dzekugadzira uye hunhu hwadzo kuti ikubatsire kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo.

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Chii chinonzi Forging?

Forginginzira yekugadzira inosanganisira kuumba simbi uchishandisa localized compressive forces. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa kuburikidza nesando, kudzvanya, kana kukunguruka-kazhinji nesimbi iri mukupisa (asi yakasimba) mamiriro. Kugadzira kunonatsiridza chimiro chemukati chezviyo, kunowedzera simba, uye kubvisa kuremara senge porosity kana inclusions.

Forging yakashanduka kuita akasiyana matekiniki zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakaita setembiricha, zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa, uye kufa kumisikidzwa.

Basic Classification yeForging

Maitiro ekugadzira anogona kukamurwa zvakanyanya zvichibva panenzira mbiri huru:

1. Kugadzira Tembiricha

2. Die Configuration uye Tooling

Ngatitarisei pachikamu chega chega zvakadzama.

Kurongeka neKugadzira Tembiricha

Iyi ndiyo nzira yakajairika yekuisa mumapoka maitiro ekugadzira. Zvichienderana nekupisa kunoitwa kugadzira, inokamurwa kuita:

1. Sravana Sameeralu Serial 4th Hot Forging

Tsanangudzo: Inoitwa pakupisa kwepamusoro, kazhinji pamusoro pekupisa recrystallization yesimbi (yakakomberedza 1100-1250 ° C yesimbi).

Zvakanakira:

• High ductility uye kushorwa kushoma kune deformation

• Inogonesa maumbirwo akaomarara

• Inonatsa chimiro chezviyo

• Inobvisa porosity uye kukanganisa

Zvakaipa:

• Scale kuumbwa nekuda kweoxidation

• Dimensional accuracy ishoma pane inotonhora forging

• Inoda simba rakawanda pakudziya

Applications:

• Zvikamu zvemotokari (crankshafts, magiya)

• Heavy machine components

• Industrial shafts uye flanges

2. Warm Forging

Tsanangudzo: Inoitwa panguva dzepakati tembiricha (pakati pe500 ° C uye 900 ° C), ichibatanidza zvimwe zvakanakira kupisa uye kutonhora kwefodya.

Zvakanakira:

• Yakaderedzwa kugadzira mitoro

• Kuvandudzwa kwedimensional control

• Kuderera kwe oxidation kuenzaniswa nekupisa kunopisa

• Kupera kurinani kwepamusoro

Zvakaipa:

• Zvishoma kune chaiwo zvinhu

• Zvimwe zvakaoma midziyo zvinodiwa

Applications:

• Transmission components

• Kubereka marudzi

• Gear blanks

3. Cold Forging

Tsanangudzo: Inoitwa kana padyo nekamuri tembiricha pasina kudziyisa zvinhu.

Zvakanakira:

• Excellent surface finish

• Close dimensional tolerance

• Basa rakaoma rinovandudza simba

• Hapana oxidation kana kuyera

Zvakaipa:

• Masimba ekuumba marefu anodiwa

• Zvishoma kune zvimiro zviri nyore uye zvinhu zvakapfava

• Ngozi yekusarira kunetseka

Applications:

• Fasteners (mabhaudhi, screws, rivets)

• Shafts

• Zvikamu zvidiki zvakarurama

Classification by Die Configuration

Forging inogona zvakare kuverengerwa zvichienderana nerudzi rwekufa uye michina inoshandiswa mukuita:

1. Vhura Die Forging (Yemahara Forging)

Tsanangudzo: Metal inoiswa pakati pefurati kana yakapusa inofa iyo isingavharidzire zvinhu zvachose.

Process:

• Iyo workpiece yakakanganiswa mumatanho akawanda

• Operator inodzora deformation nzira

• Ideal for custom or low-volume production

Zvakanakira:

• Inokodzera zvimiro zvakakura uye zviri nyore

• Mutengo wekufa wakaderera

• Kudzora kwakanaka pamusoro pekuyerera kwezviyo

Zvakaipa:

• Lower dimensional kururama

• Basa rakawanda rine unyanzvi rinodiwa

• Kuwedzera michina ingadiwa

Applications:

• Mahombe shafts, disks, zvindori

• Heavy maindasitiri zvikamu

• Marine uye magetsi ekugadzira zvikamu

2. Yakavharwa Die Forging (Impression Die Forging)

Tsanangudzo: Simbi inoiswa mugomba rekufa rinofanana nechimiro chinodiwa chechikamu.

Process:

• Simba repamusoro-soro rinomanikidza simbi kupinda mufa

• Flash inowanzogadzirwa uye yobva yachekwa

• Ideal for high-volume production

Zvakanakira:

• Chaiyo, pedyo-neti chimiro zvikamu

• High repeatability uye kunyatsoshanda

• Kuvandudzwa kwema mechanical properties nekuda kwekugadzirisa zviyo

Zvakaipa:

• Mutengo wekushandisa wepamusoro

• Zvishoma kune zvikamu zvidiki uye zvepakati nepakati

• Inoda michina yakaoma

Applications:

• Magiya

• Kubatanidza tsvimbo

• Automotive uye aerospace zvikamu

3. Kugumbuka Forging

Tsanangudzo: Inosanganisira kuwedzera dhayamita yechikamu chesimbi simbi nekumanikidza kureba kwayo.

Process:

• Kazhinji inoitwa mune yakachinjika forging michina

• Inoshandiswa kugadzira misoro pamabhaudhi, rivets, uye fasteners

Zvakanakira:

• Kubudirira kugadzirwa kwe symmetrical components

• Simba rakanaka remagetsi

• Kukurumidza kugadzirwa kwepamusoro

Applications:

• Bolts

• Zvikururu

• Shafts uye madzinde evharuvhu

4. Seamless Ring Rolling

Tsanangudzo: Imwe mhando yekugadzira iyo mhete inoumbwa kubva kune yakaboorwa preform uye yozowedzerwa nekukunguruka.

Zvakanakira:

• Excellent zviyo orientation

• Chaiyo madziro ukobvu

• Mutengo-unobudirira wemhete dzakakura dzedhayamita

Applications:

• Bearings

• Flanges

• Magiya uye kumanikidza mudziyo zvikamu

Zvimwe Zvikamu

Mukugadzira kwemazuva ano, maitiro akaiswa zvakare ne:

a. Machine Type

• Kugadzira sando

• Hydraulic press forging

• Screw press forging

• Mechanical press forging

b. Automation Level

• Manual forging

• Semi-otomatiki kugadzira

• Fully otomatiki forging

c. Material Type

• Ferrous (carbon simbi, simbi isina tsvina)

• Non-ferrous (aluminium, mhangura, titanium, nickel alloys)

Forging vs Dzimwe Simbi Kugadzira Nzira